Green hydrogen-EPTRI - Dr S Chattopadhyay.pdf
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About This Presentation
Green hydrogen
Slide Content
Empowering India:
The Mission Hydrogen
Empowering India:
The Mission Hydrogen
Dr Sandip Chattopadhyay
Founder - Director
Chandradeep Solar Research Institute
Email: [email protected]
+91 9330280381
The Mission Hydrogen
Empowering India:
The Mission Hydrogen
Dr Sandip Chattopadhyay
Founder - Director
Chandradeep Solar Research Institute
Email: [email protected]
+91 9330280381
India's PANCHAMRITS
at COP 26
India's PANCHAMRITS
at COP 26
at COP 26
India's PANCHAMRITS
at COP 26
COP 26 has given the birth
to “Green Hydrogen” for
enabling India’s journey
towards net zero by 2070.
COP 26 has given the birth
to “Green Hydrogen” for
enabling India’s journey
towards net zero by 2070.
Green Hydrogen is
the key to help meet India’s energy
security needs while reducing
emissions in
hard-to-abate sectors such as Steel,
fertilizers, Refinery, Cement &
Mobility, on the path to Net-Zero.
Green Hydrogen is
the key to help meet India’s energy
security needs while reducing
emissions in
hard-to-abate sectors such as Steel,
fertilizers, Refinery, Cement &
Mobility, on the path to Net-Zero.
to “Green Hydrogen” for
enabling India’s journey
towards net zero by 2070.
COP 26 has given the birth
to “Green Hydrogen” for
enabling India’s journey
towards net zero by 2070.
Green Hydrogen is
the key to help meet India’s energy
security needs while reducing
emissions in
hard-to-abate sectors such as Steel,
fertilizers, Refinery, Cement &
Mobility, on the path to Net-Zero.
Green Hydrogen is
the key to help meet India’s energy
security needs while reducing
emissions in
hard-to-abate sectors such as Steel,
fertilizers, Refinery, Cement &
Mobility, on the path to Net-Zero.
National Green Hydrogen MissionNational Green Hydrogen Mission
The Mission was launched on 4th January 2023 with
an outlay of Rs 19,744 crore with an aim to make India
a Global Hub for production, usage and export of
green hydrogen and its derivatives.
It will contribute to India's goal to become
Atmanirbhar (self-reliant) through clean energy and
serve as an inspiration to global Clean Energy
Transition.
The Mission will lead to significant decarbonisation of
the economy, reduced dependence on fossil fuel
imports, and enable India to assume technology and
market leadrship Green Hydrogen
The Mission was launched on 4th January 2023 with
an outlay of Rs 19,744 crore with an aim to make India
a Global Hub for production, usage and export of
green hydrogen and its derivatives.
It will contribute to India's goal to become
Atmanirbhar (self-reliant) through clean energy and
serve as an inspiration to global Clean Energy
Transition.
The Mission will lead to significant decarbonisation of
the economy, reduced dependence on fossil fuel
imports, and enable India to assume technology and
market leadrship Green Hydrogen
The Mission was launched on 4th January 2023 with
an outlay of Rs 19,744 crore with an aim to make India
a Global Hub for production, usage and export of
green hydrogen and its derivatives.
It will contribute to India's goal to become
Atmanirbhar (self-reliant) through clean energy and
serve as an inspiration to global Clean Energy
Transition.
The Mission will lead to significant decarbonisation of
the economy, reduced dependence on fossil fuel
imports, and enable India to assume technology and
market leadrship Green Hydrogen
The Mission was launched on 4th January 2023 with
an outlay of Rs 19,744 crore with an aim to make India
a Global Hub for production, usage and export of
green hydrogen and its derivatives.
It will contribute to India's goal to become
Atmanirbhar (self-reliant) through clean energy and
serve as an inspiration to global Clean Energy
Transition.
The Mission will lead to significant decarbonisation of
the economy, reduced dependence on fossil fuel
imports, and enable India to assume technology and
market leadrship Green Hydrogen
National Green Hydrogen MissionNational Green Hydrogen Mission
The first phase focuses on creation of demand and building adequate supply by
increasing the domestic electrolyser manufacturing capacity through incentives aimed at
indigenization of the value chain. On the demand side, the first phase is expected to
stimulate green hydrogen usage in key end-use segments and initiate pilot projects in
other hard-to-abate segments.
The second phase to be undertaken towards the end of the decade is expected to
scale up utilization of green hydrogen and enhance R&D activity in the sector, to help
increase penetration across all potential sectors leading to deep decarbonisation of the
economy.
The Mission proposes two distinct financial incentive mechanisms, targeted at domestic
manufacturing of electrolysers, and at production of green hydrogen. In addition, the
Mission also provides for enabling mechanisms, including enhancement of ease of doing
business, infrastructure and supply chain, regulations and standards, skill development
and public awareness in the sector.
The first phase focuses on creation of demand and building adequate supply by
increasing the domestic electrolyser manufacturing capacity through incentives aimed at
indigenization of the value chain. On the demand side, the first phase is expected to
stimulate green hydrogen usage in key end-use segments and initiate pilot projects in
other hard-to-abate segments.
The second phase to be undertaken towards the end of the decade is expected to
scale up utilization of green hydrogen and enhance R&D activity in the sector, to help
increase penetration across all potential sectors leading to deep decarbonisation of the
economy.
The Mission proposes two distinct financial incentive mechanisms, targeted at domestic
manufacturing of electrolysers, and at production of green hydrogen. In addition, the
Mission also provides for enabling mechanisms, including enhancement of ease of doing
business, infrastructure and supply chain, regulations and standards, skill development
and public awareness in the sector.
The first phase focuses on creation of demand and building adequate supply by
increasing the domestic electrolyser manufacturing capacity through incentives aimed at
indigenization of the value chain. On the demand side, the first phase is expected to
stimulate green hydrogen usage in key end-use segments and initiate pilot projects in
other hard-to-abate segments.
The second phase to be undertaken towards the end of the decade is expected to
scale up utilization of green hydrogen and enhance R&D activity in the sector, to help
increase penetration across all potential sectors leading to deep decarbonisation of the
economy.
The Mission proposes two distinct financial incentive mechanisms, targeted at domestic
manufacturing of electrolysers, and at production of green hydrogen. In addition, the
Mission also provides for enabling mechanisms, including enhancement of ease of doing
business, infrastructure and supply chain, regulations and standards, skill development
and public awareness in the sector.
The first phase focuses on creation of demand and building adequate supply by
increasing the domestic electrolyser manufacturing capacity through incentives aimed at
indigenization of the value chain. On the demand side, the first phase is expected to
stimulate green hydrogen usage in key end-use segments and initiate pilot projects in
other hard-to-abate segments.
The second phase to be undertaken towards the end of the decade is expected to
scale up utilization of green hydrogen and enhance R&D activity in the sector, to help
increase penetration across all potential sectors leading to deep decarbonisation of the
economy.
The Mission proposes two distinct financial incentive mechanisms, targeted at domestic
manufacturing of electrolysers, and at production of green hydrogen. In addition, the
Mission also provides for enabling mechanisms, including enhancement of ease of doing
business, infrastructure and supply chain, regulations and standards, skill development
and public awareness in the sector.
The Mission will
result in the
following likely
outcomes by 2030
result in the
following likely
outcomes by 2030
Present Scenario 1Present Scenario 1
Natural gas is the primary source for hydrogen
production, accounting for approximately 76 percent of
the global dedicated hydrogen production. Coal is the
second largest source, contributing an estimated 22
percent of the total production. The remaining 2
percent is produced through the electrolysis of water.
Third largest carbon dioxide emitter worldwide,India
has a major role to play in curbing the impact of carbon
emissions on the environment.
In 2021, the total consumption of hydrogen in India
stood at 6.55MMT of hydrogen per annum,
approximately 9 percent of the global hydrogen
demand.
The overall demand for hydrogen in India is expected to
be in the range of 10 MMTPA and 14 MMTPA by 2030.
Natural gas is the primary source for hydrogen
production, accounting for approximately 76 percent of
the global dedicated hydrogen production. Coal is the
second largest source, contributing an estimated 22
percent of the total production. The remaining 2
percent is produced through the electrolysis of water.
Third largest carbon dioxide emitter worldwide,India
has a major role to play in curbing the impact of carbon
emissions on the environment.
In 2021, the total consumption of hydrogen in India
stood at 6.55MMT of hydrogen per annum,
approximately 9 percent of the global hydrogen
demand.
The overall demand for hydrogen in India is expected to
be in the range of 10 MMTPA and 14 MMTPA by 2030.
Natural gas is the primary source for hydrogen
production, accounting for approximately 76 percent of
the global dedicated hydrogen production. Coal is the
second largest source, contributing an estimated 22
percent of the total production. The remaining 2
percent is produced through the electrolysis of water.
Third largest carbon dioxide emitter worldwide,India
has a major role to play in curbing the impact of carbon
emissions on the environment.
In 2021, the total consumption of hydrogen in India
stood at 6.55MMT of hydrogen per annum,
approximately 9 percent of the global hydrogen
demand.
The overall demand for hydrogen in India is expected to
be in the range of 10 MMTPA and 14 MMTPA by 2030.
Natural gas is the primary source for hydrogen
production, accounting for approximately 76 percent of
the global dedicated hydrogen production. Coal is the
second largest source, contributing an estimated 22
percent of the total production. The remaining 2
percent is produced through the electrolysis of water.
Third largest carbon dioxide emitter worldwide,India
has a major role to play in curbing the impact of carbon
emissions on the environment.
In 2021, the total consumption of hydrogen in India
stood at 6.55MMT of hydrogen per annum,
approximately 9 percent of the global hydrogen
demand.
The overall demand for hydrogen in India is expected to
be in the range of 10 MMTPA and 14 MMTPA by 2030.
Present Scenario 2Present Scenario 2
The demand for hydrogen is scattered across India’s
north, south, east, and west.
However, at 52.1 percent of India’s total hydrogen
demand, the west consumes a significantly higher
share than the other three regions. This is because
most of the industries using hydrogen as a fuel, such as
the fertiliser, refinery, and chemical sectors, are in the
western region. However, not all states in the west
have similar share—Maharashtra and Gujarat drive the
overall hydrogen demand in the region.
The southern region accounting for 21.4 percent. The
industries driving the demand in this region are
fertilisers, refinery, and steel.
The remaining demand of hydrogen is split equally
between the eastern and northern region, each
accounting for 13.1 percent of the total hydrogen
demand across India. While the demand in the
northern region is driven by the fertiliser sector, the
steel industry is the major consumer in the eastern
region.
The demand for hydrogen is scattered across India’s
north, south, east, and west.
However, at 52.1 percent of India’s total hydrogen
demand, the west consumes a significantly higher
share than the other three regions. This is because
most of the industries using hydrogen as a fuel, such as
the fertiliser, refinery, and chemical sectors, are in the
western region. However, not all states in the west
have similar share—Maharashtra and Gujarat drive the
overall hydrogen demand in the region.
The southern region accounting for 21.4 percent. The
industries driving the demand in this region are
fertilisers, refinery, and steel.
The remaining demand of hydrogen is split equally
between the eastern and northern region, each
accounting for 13.1 percent of the total hydrogen
demand across India. While the demand in the
northern region is driven by the fertiliser sector, the
steel industry is the major consumer in the eastern
region.
The demand for hydrogen is scattered across India’s
north, south, east, and west.
However, at 52.1 percent of India’s total hydrogen
demand, the west consumes a significantly higher
share than the other three regions. This is because
most of the industries using hydrogen as a fuel, such as
the fertiliser, refinery, and chemical sectors, are in the
western region. However, not all states in the west
have similar share—Maharashtra and Gujarat drive the
overall hydrogen demand in the region.
The southern region accounting for 21.4 percent. The
industries driving the demand in this region are
fertilisers, refinery, and steel.
The remaining demand of hydrogen is split equally
between the eastern and northern region, each
accounting for 13.1 percent of the total hydrogen
demand across India. While the demand in the
northern region is driven by the fertiliser sector, the
steel industry is the major consumer in the eastern
region.
The demand for hydrogen is scattered across India’s
north, south, east, and west.
However, at 52.1 percent of India’s total hydrogen
demand, the west consumes a significantly higher
share than the other three regions. This is because
most of the industries using hydrogen as a fuel, such as
the fertiliser, refinery, and chemical sectors, are in the
western region. However, not all states in the west
have similar share—Maharashtra and Gujarat drive the
overall hydrogen demand in the region.
The southern region accounting for 21.4 percent. The
industries driving the demand in this region are
fertilisers, refinery, and steel.
The remaining demand of hydrogen is split equally
between the eastern and northern region, each
accounting for 13.1 percent of the total hydrogen
demand across India. While the demand in the
northern region is driven by the fertiliser sector, the
steel industry is the major consumer in the eastern
region.
Industry-wise Hydrogen Consumption (MMT)Industry-wise Hydrogen Consumption (MMT)
Hydrogen usage in different industriesHydrogen usage in different industries
Types of HydrogenTypes of Hydrogen
Green HydrogenGreen Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical
element on the planet; it is present in 75 % of
matter. However, we never find it alone, but in
the company of other chemical elements such as
oxygen forming water or carbon forming organic
compounds
When we talk about green hydrogen, we mean
hydrogen that has been obtained without
generating pollutant emissions, i.e. sustainable
hydrogen. A fuel that is already being presented
as the key energy vector for achieving global
decarbonisation and fulfilling the commitments
made for 2050 in thefight against climate
change.
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical
element on the planet; it is present in 75 % of
matter. However, we never find it alone, but in
the company of other chemical elements such as
oxygen forming water or carbon forming organic
compounds
When we talk about green hydrogen, we mean
hydrogen that has been obtained without
generating pollutant emissions, i.e. sustainable
hydrogen. A fuel that is already being presented
as the key energy vector for achieving global
decarbonisation and fulfilling the commitments
made for 2050 in thefight against climate
change.
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical
element on the planet; it is present in 75 % of
matter. However, we never find it alone, but in
the company of other chemical elements such as
oxygen forming water or carbon forming organic
compounds
When we talk about green hydrogen, we mean
hydrogen that has been obtained without
generating pollutant emissions, i.e. sustainable
hydrogen. A fuel that is already being presented
as the key energy vector for achieving global
decarbonisation and fulfilling the commitments
made for 2050 in thefight against climate
change.
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical
element on the planet; it is present in 75 % of
matter. However, we never find it alone, but in
the company of other chemical elements such as
oxygen forming water or carbon forming organic
compounds
When we talk about green hydrogen, we mean
hydrogen that has been obtained without
generating pollutant emissions, i.e. sustainable
hydrogen. A fuel that is already being presented
as the key energy vector for achieving global
decarbonisation and fulfilling the commitments
made for 2050 in thefight against climate
change.
Hydrogen & Green HydrogenHydrogen & Green Hydrogen
The specific energy of hydrogen is between 120-
140 MJ per kg while that of diesel and gasoline
fuel is between 30-45 MJ per kg. Therefore,
hydrogen specific energy is around 3X to 4X times
higher than gasoline and diesel fuels.
Similarly, specific energy of hydrogen is around
30X to 90X times higher than batteries.
Also, diesel and gasoline emit approx. 75-85 g CO2
per MJ of energy produced along with other
harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons and particulate matter.
Whereas hydrogen only emits water as a by-
product.
Green Hydrogen, a colorless gas, has got its name
as green due to the low emission of greenhouse
gas, during its production process, including the
emission associated with the production of
energy it consumes.
The specific energy of hydrogen is between 120-
140 MJ per kg while that of diesel and gasoline
fuel is between 30-45 MJ per kg. Therefore,
hydrogen specific energy is around 3X to 4X times
higher than gasoline and diesel fuels.
Similarly, specific energy of hydrogen is around
30X to 90X times higher than batteries.
Also, diesel and gasoline emit approx. 75-85 g CO2
per MJ of energy produced along with other
harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons and particulate matter.
Whereas hydrogen only emits water as a by-
product.
Green Hydrogen, a colorless gas, has got its name
as green due to the low emission of greenhouse
gas, during its production process, including the
emission associated with the production of
energy it consumes.
The specific energy of hydrogen is between 120-
140 MJ per kg while that of diesel and gasoline
fuel is between 30-45 MJ per kg. Therefore,
hydrogen specific energy is around 3X to 4X times
higher than gasoline and diesel fuels.
Similarly, specific energy of hydrogen is around
30X to 90X times higher than batteries.
Also, diesel and gasoline emit approx. 75-85 g CO2
per MJ of energy produced along with other
harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons and particulate matter.
Whereas hydrogen only emits water as a by-
product.
Green Hydrogen, a colorless gas, has got its name
as green due to the low emission of greenhouse
gas, during its production process, including the
emission associated with the production of
energy it consumes.
The specific energy of hydrogen is between 120-
140 MJ per kg while that of diesel and gasoline
fuel is between 30-45 MJ per kg. Therefore,
hydrogen specific energy is around 3X to 4X times
higher than gasoline and diesel fuels.
Similarly, specific energy of hydrogen is around
30X to 90X times higher than batteries.
Also, diesel and gasoline emit approx. 75-85 g CO2
per MJ of energy produced along with other
harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons and particulate matter.
Whereas hydrogen only emits water as a by-
product.
Green Hydrogen, a colorless gas, has got its name
as green due to the low emission of greenhouse
gas, during its production process, including the
emission associated with the production of
energy it consumes.
RE for Green HydrogenRE for Green Hydrogen
Renewable Energy is the key ingredient that
makes hydrogen production truly green,
without which hydrogen would still rely on
fossil fuels, defeating the purpose of this
clean energy alternative.
To achieve its target of 5 MMT of Green
Hydrogen production, India will need 125 GW
of Renewable Energy, by 2030.
As of Mar 2024, Renewable Energy sources,
including large hydropower, have a combined
installed capacity of 190.57 GW.
4th globally for total Renewable Power
capacity additions.
4th in Wind Power Capacity and
5th in Solar Power Capacity globally
Renewable Energy is the key ingredient that
makes hydrogen production truly green,
without which hydrogen would still rely on
fossil fuels, defeating the purpose of this
clean energy alternative.
To achieve its target of 5 MMT of Green
Hydrogen production, India will need 125 GW
of Renewable Energy, by 2030.
As of Mar 2024, Renewable Energy sources,
including large hydropower, have a combined
installed capacity of 190.57 GW.
4th globally for total Renewable Power
capacity additions.
4th in Wind Power Capacity and
5th in Solar Power Capacity globally
Renewable Energy is the key ingredient that
makes hydrogen production truly green,
without which hydrogen would still rely on
fossil fuels, defeating the purpose of this
clean energy alternative.
To achieve its target of 5 MMT of Green
Hydrogen production, India will need 125 GW
of Renewable Energy, by 2030.
As of Mar 2024, Renewable Energy sources,
including large hydropower, have a combined
installed capacity of 190.57 GW.
4th globally for total Renewable Power
capacity additions.
4th in Wind Power Capacity and
5th in Solar Power Capacity globally
Renewable Energy is the key ingredient that
makes hydrogen production truly green,
without which hydrogen would still rely on
fossil fuels, defeating the purpose of this
clean energy alternative.
To achieve its target of 5 MMT of Green
Hydrogen production, India will need 125 GW
of Renewable Energy, by 2030.
As of Mar 2024, Renewable Energy sources,
including large hydropower, have a combined
installed capacity of 190.57 GW.
4th globally for total Renewable Power
capacity additions.
4th in Wind Power Capacity and
5th in Solar Power Capacity globally
Hydrogen Momentum: Why now?Hydrogen Momentum: Why now?
Decarbonisation targets: Hydrogen could be a viable fuel with huge potential to
achieve global decarbonisation targets.
A complementary solution to Renewable Energy: RE technologies have
witnesses tremendous growth both in terms of technical and financial
feasibility. It is required to store and utilize excessive energy produced during
generation hours.
Decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sector: Hydrogen is a potential fuel and
feedstock to reduce carbon intensities of sectors such as transportation,
industrial and residential applications.
Technological advancement: There is a significant improvement in the
efficiency of electrolyser and fuel cells technologies.
Falling technology cost: The cost of hydrogen produced from the electrolysis
has fallen by ~ 60% since 2010. Also, the price of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
(FCEV) has declined by ~ 65% over the past 10 years.
Decarbonisation targets: Hydrogen could be a viable fuel with huge potential to
achieve global decarbonisation targets.
A complementary solution to Renewable Energy: RE technologies have
witnesses tremendous growth both in terms of technical and financial
feasibility. It is required to store and utilize excessive energy produced during
generation hours.
Decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sector: Hydrogen is a potential fuel and
feedstock to reduce carbon intensities of sectors such as transportation,
industrial and residential applications.
Technological advancement: There is a significant improvement in the
efficiency of electrolyser and fuel cells technologies.
Falling technology cost: The cost of hydrogen produced from the electrolysis
has fallen by ~ 60% since 2010. Also, the price of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
(FCEV) has declined by ~ 65% over the past 10 years.
Decarbonisation targets: Hydrogen could be a viable fuel with huge potential to
achieve global decarbonisation targets.
A complementary solution to Renewable Energy: RE technologies have
witnesses tremendous growth both in terms of technical and financial
feasibility. It is required to store and utilize excessive energy produced during
generation hours.
Decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sector: Hydrogen is a potential fuel and
feedstock to reduce carbon intensities of sectors such as transportation,
industrial and residential applications.
Technological advancement: There is a significant improvement in the
efficiency of electrolyser and fuel cells technologies.
Falling technology cost: The cost of hydrogen produced from the electrolysis
has fallen by ~ 60% since 2010. Also, the price of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
(FCEV) has declined by ~ 65% over the past 10 years.
Decarbonisation targets: Hydrogen could be a viable fuel with huge potential to
achieve global decarbonisation targets.
A complementary solution to Renewable Energy: RE technologies have
witnesses tremendous growth both in terms of technical and financial
feasibility. It is required to store and utilize excessive energy produced during
generation hours.
Decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sector: Hydrogen is a potential fuel and
feedstock to reduce carbon intensities of sectors such as transportation,
industrial and residential applications.
Technological advancement: There is a significant improvement in the
efficiency of electrolyser and fuel cells technologies.
Falling technology cost: The cost of hydrogen produced from the electrolysis
has fallen by ~ 60% since 2010. Also, the price of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
(FCEV) has declined by ~ 65% over the past 10 years.
Why is India betting big on hydrogen?Why is India betting big on hydrogen?
Energy security: Developing countries like India need to find out an alternative to
strengthen its National Energy Security.
Emission targets: India is the third largest global CO2 emitter (~7% of global CO2
emission) well below China & United States. Earlier, it was committed to reduce its
emissions intensity by 33-35% under the Paris Agreement which has been revised
to 45% by 2030.
Economic dependencies & balance of trade: India is the world’s third largest crude
oil importer with an import dependency of over 80%. It also imports 54% of
natural gas and 24% of coal requirements which largely affects India’s financial
account balance.
Energy Subsidies: Along with the high cost of imported fuel, India gives away
overall energy subsidies of approx. US$30 bn / year on Oil & Gas, Coal,
Transmission & Distribution, Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles. Some
proportion of these subsidies can be diverted for the development of hydrogen
ecosystem.
Energy security: Developing countries like India need to find out an alternative to
strengthen its National Energy Security.
Emission targets: India is the third largest global CO2 emitter (~7% of global CO2
emission) well below China & United States. Earlier, it was committed to reduce its
emissions intensity by 33-35% under the Paris Agreement which has been revised
to 45% by 2030.
Economic dependencies & balance of trade: India is the world’s third largest crude
oil importer with an import dependency of over 80%. It also imports 54% of
natural gas and 24% of coal requirements which largely affects India’s financial
account balance.
Energy Subsidies: Along with the high cost of imported fuel, India gives away
overall energy subsidies of approx. US$30 bn / year on Oil & Gas, Coal,
Transmission & Distribution, Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles. Some
proportion of these subsidies can be diverted for the development of hydrogen
ecosystem.
Energy security: Developing countries like India need to find out an alternative to
strengthen its National Energy Security.
Emission targets: India is the third largest global CO2 emitter (~7% of global CO2
emission) well below China & United States. Earlier, it was committed to reduce its
emissions intensity by 33-35% under the Paris Agreement which has been revised
to 45% by 2030.
Economic dependencies & balance of trade: India is the world’s third largest crude
oil importer with an import dependency of over 80%. It also imports 54% of
natural gas and 24% of coal requirements which largely affects India’s financial
account balance.
Energy Subsidies: Along with the high cost of imported fuel, India gives away
overall energy subsidies of approx. US$30 bn / year on Oil & Gas, Coal,
Transmission & Distribution, Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles. Some
proportion of these subsidies can be diverted for the development of hydrogen
ecosystem.
Energy security: Developing countries like India need to find out an alternative to
strengthen its National Energy Security.
Emission targets: India is the third largest global CO2 emitter (~7% of global CO2
emission) well below China & United States. Earlier, it was committed to reduce its
emissions intensity by 33-35% under the Paris Agreement which has been revised
to 45% by 2030.
Economic dependencies & balance of trade: India is the world’s third largest crude
oil importer with an import dependency of over 80%. It also imports 54% of
natural gas and 24% of coal requirements which largely affects India’s financial
account balance.
Energy Subsidies: Along with the high cost of imported fuel, India gives away
overall energy subsidies of approx. US$30 bn / year on Oil & Gas, Coal,
Transmission & Distribution, Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles. Some
proportion of these subsidies can be diverted for the development of hydrogen
ecosystem.
Policy & RegulationPolicy & Regulation
ISTS Charges Waiver GoI is offering a major boost to
Green Hydrogen production by exempting ISTS
charges for a period of 25 years from the date of
commissioning of the project, for GH₂/GA production
units, using Renewable Energy (RE), Pumped
Storage System or Battery Storage Systems or any
hybrid combination of these technologies. The
projects commissioned on or before 31st December
2030 shall be eligible for this waiver.
MoEFCC specified that standalone plants producing
GH₂/GA by way of electrolysis of water using RE
would not require any prior EC.
Consumers are entitled to demand green
power supply from Discoms. The discoms would
be obligated to procure and supply green power to
the eligible consumers. Commercial and Industrial
consumers are allowed to purchase green power on
voluntary basis. Consumers will be given Green
Certificates if they consume green power and will
also be facilitated.
ISTS Charges Waiver GoI is offering a major boost to
Green Hydrogen production by exempting ISTS
charges for a period of 25 years from the date of
commissioning of the project, for GH₂/GA production
units, using Renewable Energy (RE), Pumped
Storage System or Battery Storage Systems or any
hybrid combination of these technologies. The
projects commissioned on or before 31st December
2030 shall be eligible for this waiver.
MoEFCC specified that standalone plants producing
GH₂/GA by way of electrolysis of water using RE
would not require any prior EC.
Consumers are entitled to demand green
power supply from Discoms. The discoms would
be obligated to procure and supply green power to
the eligible consumers. Commercial and Industrial
consumers are allowed to purchase green power on
voluntary basis. Consumers will be given Green
Certificates if they consume green power and will
also be facilitated.
Green SteelGreen SteelSteel production is one of the potential sectors
where green hydrogen can replace fossil fuels. To
assess the potential for use of green hydrogen in the
steel industry, the mission supports setting up of
pilot projects in the steel sector.
The iron and steel industry accounts for around 7%
of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and 11% of
global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
Global steel production has more than doubled
between 2000 and 2020. India is the world’s second-
largest producer of crude steel, with an output of
125.32 MT of crude steel and finished steel
production of 121.29 MT in FY23. Under the current
policy and technology regime, the energy use and
GHG emissions of the steel industry is likely to
continue increasing because the increased demand
for steel, particularly in developing countries.
Mission Budgetary outlay: Rs 455 crore till Fy 2029-30
where green hydrogen can replace fossil fuels. To
assess the potential for use of green hydrogen in the
steel industry, the mission supports setting up of
pilot projects in the steel sector.
The iron and steel industry accounts for around 7%
of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and 11% of
global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
Global steel production has more than doubled
between 2000 and 2020. India is the world’s second-
largest producer of crude steel, with an output of
125.32 MT of crude steel and finished steel
production of 121.29 MT in FY23. Under the current
policy and technology regime, the energy use and
GHG emissions of the steel industry is likely to
continue increasing because the increased demand
for steel, particularly in developing countries.
Mission Budgetary outlay: Rs 455 crore till Fy 2029-30
Major Green Hydrogen Sector AnnouncementMajor Green Hydrogen Sector Announcement
June 23: SIGHT Program component I: Incentive Scheme for Electrolyser Manufacturing.
June 23: SIGHT Program component II: Incentive Schemes for GH production
(Under Mode I).
Aug 23: Green Hydrogen Standard.
Oct 23: Research & Development Roadmap.
Jan 24: Scheme guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Prog, Component II
(Under 2-A).
Jan 24: Scheme guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Prog, Component II
(Under 2-B).
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for Pilot Projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Shipping
Sector.
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for pilot projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Steel Sector.
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for Pilot Projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Transport
Sector.
Mar 24: Scheme Guideline for R & D Scheme.
Mar 24: Scheme Guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Program Component -I
Tranche II.
Mar 24: Scheme Guidelines for Setting up Hydrogen Hubs in India .
June 23: SIGHT Program component I: Incentive Scheme for Electrolyser Manufacturing.
June 23: SIGHT Program component II: Incentive Schemes for GH production
(Under Mode I).
Aug 23: Green Hydrogen Standard.
Oct 23: Research & Development Roadmap.
Jan 24: Scheme guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Prog, Component II
(Under 2-A).
Jan 24: Scheme guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Prog, Component II
(Under 2-B).
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for Pilot Projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Shipping
Sector.
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for pilot projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Steel Sector.
Feb 24: Scheme Guidelines for Pilot Projects for use of Green Hydrogen in Transport
Sector.
Mar 24: Scheme Guideline for R & D Scheme.
Mar 24: Scheme Guidelines for Implementation of SIGHT Program Component -I
Tranche II.
Mar 24: Scheme Guidelines for Setting up Hydrogen Hubs in India .
Policies by StatesPolicies by States
MAHARASHTRA: Maharashtra Harit Hydrogen Policy
Achieve 500 KTPA of Green Hydrogen production capacity by
2030. First 500 hydrogen-based fuel-cell passenger vehicles in
the transport activities of the Maharashtra State Road
Transport Corporation.
ODISHA: Odisha Hydrogen Policy
WEST BENGAL: West Bengal Green Hydrogen Policy
Setting up a State Centre of Excellence (SCoE) to support R&D
activities for techno-economic innovation.
ANDHRA PRADESH: Andhra Pradesh Green Hydrogen
and Green Ammonia Policy
Achieve Green Hydrogen production up to the capacity of 0.5
Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) or Green Ammonia
production up to the capacity of 2.0 MMTPA in the next five
years by harnessing the RE potential in the State.
UTTAR PRADESH: Uttar Pradesh Green Hydrogen Policy
Target of achieving 1 MMTPA production of Green Hydrogen by
2028.
RAJASTHAN: Rajasthan Green Hydrogen Policy
2000 KTPA of Green Hydrogen production capacity by 2030.
MAHARASHTRA: Maharashtra Harit Hydrogen Policy
Achieve 500 KTPA of Green Hydrogen production capacity by
2030. First 500 hydrogen-based fuel-cell passenger vehicles in
the transport activities of the Maharashtra State Road
Transport Corporation.
ODISHA: Odisha Hydrogen Policy
WEST BENGAL: West Bengal Green Hydrogen Policy
Setting up a State Centre of Excellence (SCoE) to support R&D
activities for techno-economic innovation.
ANDHRA PRADESH: Andhra Pradesh Green Hydrogen
and Green Ammonia Policy
Achieve Green Hydrogen production up to the capacity of 0.5
Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) or Green Ammonia
production up to the capacity of 2.0 MMTPA in the next five
years by harnessing the RE potential in the State.
UTTAR PRADESH: Uttar Pradesh Green Hydrogen Policy
Target of achieving 1 MMTPA production of Green Hydrogen by
2028.
RAJASTHAN: Rajasthan Green Hydrogen Policy
2000 KTPA of Green Hydrogen production capacity by 2030.
Initiatives and Actions by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Govt. of India
Initiatives and Actions by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Govt. of India
A. India’s Green Hydrogen Push
B. The National Green Hydrogen Mission
C. Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT)
i Electrolyser Manufacturing: Proposed outlay: Rs. 4440 crores
ii. Green Hydrogen Production: Proposed outlay: Rs. 13050 crores
D. Pilot Projects
i. Shipping Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 115 Crore till FY 2025-26
ii. Steel Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 455 Crore till FY 2029-30
iii. Transport Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 496 Crore till FY 2025-26
iv. Hydrogen Hubs: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 200 Crore till FY 2025-26
v. Skill Development or Human Resource Development: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 35 Crore till 2029-30
E. Stakeholders Consultation
F. Infrastructure Development
G. Collaborations and Partnerships
(MNRE), Govt. of India
Initiatives and Actions by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Govt. of India
A. India’s Green Hydrogen Push
B. The National Green Hydrogen Mission
C. Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT)
i Electrolyser Manufacturing: Proposed outlay: Rs. 4440 crores
ii. Green Hydrogen Production: Proposed outlay: Rs. 13050 crores
D. Pilot Projects
i. Shipping Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 115 Crore till FY 2025-26
ii. Steel Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 455 Crore till FY 2029-30
iii. Transport Sector: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 496 Crore till FY 2025-26
iv. Hydrogen Hubs: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 200 Crore till FY 2025-26
v. Skill Development or Human Resource Development: Budgetary Outlay: Rs. 35 Crore till 2029-30
E. Stakeholders Consultation
F. Infrastructure Development
G. Collaborations and Partnerships
PartnershipsPartnerships
India and France have announced the adoption of a “Roadmap on the Development of
Green Hydrogen” under which the countries are expected to collaborate on:
establishing a regulatory framework for the entire green hydrogen value chain
carbon-content certification methods with knowledge sharing and skill development
programmes between certification bodies
R&D through cooperation between their relevant research institutions
industrial partnerships between French and Indian energy industries
Germany signed an agreement on hydrogen cooperation with India. The cooperation
agreement aims to establish a task force to promote the creation of a close network
between the government, industry, and research institutes of both
countries. Furthermore, a roadmap with specific joint measures to support the market
ramp-up of green hydrogen will be developed. Additionally, the task force will work on
exchanging know-how on hydrogen regulation, norming, safety procedures
and sustainability criteria.
To increase its collaboration on green hydrogen and a ‘Green Hydrogen Corridor’, the
Netherlands is also working together with MNRE and NITI Aayog. The country is also
working with India to help meet its plans to have e-vehicles on the roads.
India and France have announced the adoption of a “Roadmap on the Development of
Green Hydrogen” under which the countries are expected to collaborate on:
establishing a regulatory framework for the entire green hydrogen value chain
carbon-content certification methods with knowledge sharing and skill development
programmes between certification bodies
R&D through cooperation between their relevant research institutions
industrial partnerships between French and Indian energy industries
Germany signed an agreement on hydrogen cooperation with India. The cooperation
agreement aims to establish a task force to promote the creation of a close network
between the government, industry, and research institutes of both
countries. Furthermore, a roadmap with specific joint measures to support the market
ramp-up of green hydrogen will be developed. Additionally, the task force will work on
exchanging know-how on hydrogen regulation, norming, safety procedures
and sustainability criteria.
To increase its collaboration on green hydrogen and a ‘Green Hydrogen Corridor’, the
Netherlands is also working together with MNRE and NITI Aayog. The country is also
working with India to help meet its plans to have e-vehicles on the roads.
MAJOR PROJECTS IN INDIAMAJOR PROJECTS IN INDIA
Export-oriented Agreements
ACME to supply Green Ammonia to Japan’s IHI Corporation
Sembcorp India to export Green Hydrogen to Japan
NTPC is setting up India’s largest Green Hydrogen production facility in Andhra Pradesh : Integrated Green
Hydrogen Hub to come up in Atchutapuram Mandal, Visakhapatnam
Yara and ACME (India) agreement
JERA partnered with Renew (India)
Green Hydrogen Projects for Microgrid
Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam (SJVN) –Green Hydrogen Fuel Cell-based Microgrid, commissioned
NHPC –Green Hydrogen Fuel Cellbased Microgrid
Green Hydrogen Projects for Mobility
NHPC – Hydrogen-based Mobility Station Project at Kargil
NHPC –Pilot project for Green Hydrogen-based mobility station
Indian Railways- Pilot Project for Conversion of Old Diesel Locomotives with Hydrogen Fuel Cells
NTPC- Integrated Hydrogen Refuelling Station at Greater Noida
Oil India Limited- Green Hydrogen generation pilot project in Assam
Oil India Limited- Green Hydrogen generation Pilot Project in Himachal Pradesh
Indian Oil R&D Centre, Faridabad
Indian Oil Green Hydrogen Project-Integrated Refuelling Station for Buses in Leh (Ladakh)
India’s First Hydrogen Fuel Cell Ferry: A Technological Marvel
Export-oriented Agreements
ACME to supply Green Ammonia to Japan’s IHI Corporation
Sembcorp India to export Green Hydrogen to Japan
NTPC is setting up India’s largest Green Hydrogen production facility in Andhra Pradesh : Integrated Green
Hydrogen Hub to come up in Atchutapuram Mandal, Visakhapatnam
Yara and ACME (India) agreement
JERA partnered with Renew (India)
Green Hydrogen Projects for Microgrid
Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam (SJVN) –Green Hydrogen Fuel Cell-based Microgrid, commissioned
NHPC –Green Hydrogen Fuel Cellbased Microgrid
Green Hydrogen Projects for Mobility
NHPC – Hydrogen-based Mobility Station Project at Kargil
NHPC –Pilot project for Green Hydrogen-based mobility station
Indian Railways- Pilot Project for Conversion of Old Diesel Locomotives with Hydrogen Fuel Cells
NTPC- Integrated Hydrogen Refuelling Station at Greater Noida
Oil India Limited- Green Hydrogen generation pilot project in Assam
Oil India Limited- Green Hydrogen generation Pilot Project in Himachal Pradesh
Indian Oil R&D Centre, Faridabad
Indian Oil Green Hydrogen Project-Integrated Refuelling Station for Buses in Leh (Ladakh)
India’s First Hydrogen Fuel Cell Ferry: A Technological Marvel
MAJOR PROJECTS IN INDIAMAJOR PROJECTS IN INDIA
Green Hydrogen Project for Steel
Jindal Stainless, Hisar, Haryana
Green Hydrogen Project for the Domestic Sector
NTPC Project, Kawas (Blending of Green Hydrogen with PNG)
Torrent Power Project- Green Hydrogen Blending in City Gas at Gorakhpur
ATL Gas Blending Project (Green Hydrogen with Natural Gas) in Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Cooking Stove for Hydrogen Gas Burning
Green Hydrogen Project in Aviation Sector
CIAL and BPCL to Set Up the First Green Hydrogen Plant at Cochin Airport
Electrolyser Manufacturing
First indigenously manufactured electrolyser, commissioned by L&T electrolysers Ltd, Hazira-Gujarat
Green Hydrogen Project for Steel
Jindal Stainless, Hisar, Haryana
Green Hydrogen Project for the Domestic Sector
NTPC Project, Kawas (Blending of Green Hydrogen with PNG)
Torrent Power Project- Green Hydrogen Blending in City Gas at Gorakhpur
ATL Gas Blending Project (Green Hydrogen with Natural Gas) in Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Cooking Stove for Hydrogen Gas Burning
Green Hydrogen Project in Aviation Sector
CIAL and BPCL to Set Up the First Green Hydrogen Plant at Cochin Airport
Electrolyser Manufacturing
First indigenously manufactured electrolyser, commissioned by L&T electrolysers Ltd, Hazira-Gujarat
HighlightsHighlights
Green hydrogen production needs to reach a cost-parity with grey hydrogen in
India to meet the target outlined in the National Mission of producing at least 5
million tonnes of green hydrogen per annum by 2030.
Today, the production costs of green hydrogen amount to roughly $4-5 per
kilogramme, equivalent to approximately double the price of grey hydrogen.
About 50-70 per cent of expenditure is allocated towards round-the-clock (RTC)
renewable electricity and the remaining 30-50 per cent is for electrolyser costs.
Currently, the Centre provides a subsidy of $54 / kW under the mission for
manufacturing electrolysers.
8 GW of electrolyser capacity is in the pipeline. This is below the baseline
requirement of 35-40GW required to meet the 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen
annual target by 2030.
Other costs that have to be borne include storage and transport. To mitigate this,
developing green hydrogen production clusters where a collaborative
environment for production and off take occurs nearby and investing in creating
a pipeline network for transporting green hydrogen throughout the country.
Green hydrogen production needs to reach a cost-parity with grey hydrogen in
India to meet the target outlined in the National Mission of producing at least 5
million tonnes of green hydrogen per annum by 2030.
Today, the production costs of green hydrogen amount to roughly $4-5 per
kilogramme, equivalent to approximately double the price of grey hydrogen.
About 50-70 per cent of expenditure is allocated towards round-the-clock (RTC)
renewable electricity and the remaining 30-50 per cent is for electrolyser costs.
Currently, the Centre provides a subsidy of $54 / kW under the mission for
manufacturing electrolysers.
8 GW of electrolyser capacity is in the pipeline. This is below the baseline
requirement of 35-40GW required to meet the 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen
annual target by 2030.
Other costs that have to be borne include storage and transport. To mitigate this,
developing green hydrogen production clusters where a collaborative
environment for production and off take occurs nearby and investing in creating
a pipeline network for transporting green hydrogen throughout the country.
HighlightsHighlights
Green hydrogen production needs to reach a cost-parity with grey hydrogen in
India to meet the target outlined in the National Mission of producing at least 5
million tonnes of green hydrogen per annum by 2030.
Today, the production costs of green hydrogen amount to roughly $4-5 per
kilogramme, equivalent to approximately double the price of grey hydrogen.
About 50-70 per cent of expenditure is allocated towards round-the-clock (RTC)
renewable electricity and the remaining 30-50 per cent is for electrolyser costs.
Currently, the Centre provides a subsidy of $54 / kW under the mission for
manufacturing electrolysers.
8 GW of electrolyser capacity is in the pipeline. This is below the baseline
requirement of 35-40GW required to meet the 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen
annual target by 2030.
Other costs that have to be borne include storage and transport. To mitigate this,
developing green hydrogen production clusters where a collaborative
environment for production and off take occurs nearby and investing in creating
a pipeline network for transporting green hydrogen throughout the country.
Green hydrogen production needs to reach a cost-parity with grey hydrogen in
India to meet the target outlined in the National Mission of producing at least 5
million tonnes of green hydrogen per annum by 2030.
Today, the production costs of green hydrogen amount to roughly $4-5 per
kilogramme, equivalent to approximately double the price of grey hydrogen.
About 50-70 per cent of expenditure is allocated towards round-the-clock (RTC)
renewable electricity and the remaining 30-50 per cent is for electrolyser costs.
Currently, the Centre provides a subsidy of $54 / kW under the mission for
manufacturing electrolysers.
8 GW of electrolyser capacity is in the pipeline. This is below the baseline
requirement of 35-40GW required to meet the 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen
annual target by 2030.
Other costs that have to be borne include storage and transport. To mitigate this,
developing green hydrogen production clusters where a collaborative
environment for production and off take occurs nearby and investing in creating
a pipeline network for transporting green hydrogen throughout the country.
Summing UpSumming Up
Green hydrogen market is likely to be at $30–35 billion by 2035 - 2040
in India.
India can achieve savings of $15–20 billion in fossil fuel imports by
replacing them with locally-produced green hydrogen.
India should work to reduce the cost of green hydrogen by lowering
the associated renewable electricity expenses and investing in
advances in electrolyser manufacturing, infrastructure, and
innovative R&D.
Green hydrogen market is likely to be at $30–35 billion by 2035 - 2040
in India.
India can achieve savings of $15–20 billion in fossil fuel imports by
replacing them with locally-produced green hydrogen.
India should work to reduce the cost of green hydrogen by lowering
the associated renewable electricity expenses and investing in
advances in electrolyser manufacturing, infrastructure, and
innovative R&D.
Green hydrogen market is likely to be at $30–35 billion by 2035 - 2040
in India.
India can achieve savings of $15–20 billion in fossil fuel imports by
replacing them with locally-produced green hydrogen.
India should work to reduce the cost of green hydrogen by lowering
the associated renewable electricity expenses and investing in
advances in electrolyser manufacturing, infrastructure, and
innovative R&D.
Green hydrogen market is likely to be at $30–35 billion by 2035 - 2040
in India.
India can achieve savings of $15–20 billion in fossil fuel imports by
replacing them with locally-produced green hydrogen.
India should work to reduce the cost of green hydrogen by lowering
the associated renewable electricity expenses and investing in
advances in electrolyser manufacturing, infrastructure, and
innovative R&D.
Recommendations for IndiaRecommendations for India
G20 COUNTRIES HYDROGEN ECOSYSTEM ANALYSISG20 COUNTRIES HYDROGEN ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
Thank You!Thank You!
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