Green plastics :an emerging alternative of petroleum based plastics

Green plastics made from naturally occurring renewable resources are being widely publicized as a possible solution for concerns regarding the use of traditional petroleum based plastics as it offers important contributions by reducing the dependence on fossil fuels and the related environmental impacts.

1. Green Plastics: An Emerging Alternative for Petroleum Based Plastics Presented By ANTU BHATTACHARJEE BARASAT GOVT. COLLEGE WEST BENGAL STATE UNIVERSITY MSC. 3 rd SEM Reg no.-002559-2013 of 2013 ROLL : BGC/ZOOL NO: 14105 Year-2015

2. BACKGROUND ‘plastic’ is any organic synthetic or processed materials that are mostly thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular mass. Littering or excessive use, has harmed the image of this useful Product.

3. problems of conventional plastics

4. HISTORY OF GREEN PLASTICS In 1868 John W. Hyatt invented Celluloid from plant fibers (cellulose). After 1907,with the invention of first petroleum based plastic sonly conventional plastic was steadily growing. Fig: Henry Ford’s soy protein plastic based composites

5. INTRODUCTION Green plastics can be made from many different sources like – (A)Plant Oil, (F)Cellulose, (D)Corn, (B)Starch,(C) Potato Starch, (E)Sugarcane, Weeds etc. Examples: Polylactic acids (PLA), Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) etc.

6. PURPOSE OF GREEN PLASTICS Applications :Bottling, resins, packaging, etc Advantages over conventional plastics: 1.Reduces GHG in production 2.Requires no petrochemicals. 3.Biodegradable 4.Multiple end-of-life options 5.Reduced carbon footprint

7. CHARACTERS OF GREEN PLASTICS Biodegradable and compostable Renewability Environmentally friendly nature FIG: shows Bio-Degradation of Green Plastic.

8. THE DIFFERENCES AMONG DEGRADABLE, BIODEGRADABLE, AND COMPOSTABLE Degradable Plastic: means that something breaks down. Biodegradable Plastic : it can be broken down by the metabolism of micro-organisms. Compostable Plastic: means that it biodegrades within a certain amount of time, under certain conditions.

9. This Figure shows typical data obtained when the per cent carbon released (as CO2) from a green plastic exposed in a composting environment is plotted as a function of time.

10. Green Plastics Classification Type I: Ex: polymers derived from cellulose. Type II: Ex:PHA , PHBV. Type III: Ex : PLA

11. SYNTHESIS OF PLA

12. PRODUCTION OF PHB

13. CARBON CYCLE OF GREEN-PLASTICS

14. SOME FACTS ABOUT GREEN PLASTICS Processing Green Plastics Products Recycling Issues Synthetic Blending

15. Standards and Certifications for COMPOSTABLE PLASTICS In the United States ASTM D-6400 international (ISO-14855). Certification from other countries includes EcoLogo (Canada) and Vincotte (Belgium).

16. Cost Factor additional cost incurred due to increased processing steps. In India, the cost of biodegradable plastics is 2- 10 times more than conventional plastics.

17. DISCUSSIONS To promote green-plastics: educating the society Standardizations and certifications should be publicized. Infrastructure for collection and composting needs to be improved. Governmental incentives.

18. CONCLUSION society’s current views on environmental responsibility make this an ideal time for further growth of green plastics. If the trend continues and the motivation for innovation in this field persists, the results could be promising.

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21. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am highly indebted to Dr. Tuhin Saha , Associate Professor of PG Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College for giving this review work and his guidance and encouragement throughout this study. Sincere thanks to all our respected sirs and madams of the PG Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College for giving me the opportunity to present this seminer .