6.16 Metal Cutting & Machine Tools
6.12.5 Grain Size
Abrasives must be refined and reduced to standard sizes before they are manufactured
in to wheels. For this, the abrasives are crushed and screened, that is they are passed
through screens containing meshes of standard sizes. There sizes are measured by
the number of meshes per inch through, which the grains will pass. For example, a
grain that passes a screen having 20 mesh opening per inch is called a 20 grit size
and measures roughly 1/20 inch across. The grain size is indicated by grit number as
shown below.
Coarse grain -> 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24
Medium grain -> 30, 36, 46, 54, 60
Fine grain -> 70, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180
Very fine grain -> 220, 240, 280, 320, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200
6.12.6 Grade
Grade of a wheel is a measure of how strongly the grains are held by the bond. The
bonding material in a wheel surrounds the individual grains and links them together.
Different types of grades are represented by English letters from A to Z, as shown
below.
AtoH ->Soft
I to P -> Medium
Q to Z -» Hard
Different types of wheel grade are shown in the Fig. 6.14.
Fig. 6.14. Wheel grades