GRIT SCALE (GROUP).pptx

this is about grit scale

1. GRIT SCALE : PERSEVARANCE OF EFFORT AND CONSISTENCY OF INTEREST Group members: Siti Halimatus ‘Saadiah (s2009101) Shi Lixiang (s2000663) Liao Min (17222203) 1

2. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Review of Past Literature 3.0 Methodology Description of the test/scale/inventory (Four Building Blocks) List of Initial Items Development Result of Pilot-Test: Psychometric Properties and Revised Item The Real Data: Demographic Profile of the Respondents 4.0 Psychometric Attributes and Level Descriptor 5.0 References 2

3. 1.0 Introduction 1) ‘Grit’ is a popular keyword in education 2) Preliminary research concludes the importance of grit to succeed in a variety of field and develops, expands it for all students of all ages 4) Grit (tendency to maintain interest and effort in something for a long period of time) was new term by Angela Duckworth (American researcher) 3) Two traits that predict achievement namely pain and self -control were focused by Duckworth Laboratories 3

4. 5) Originally, Grit Scale by Duckworth (2007) has 12 items. Item 1 to 12 (original items) Examples : Item 1 : I have overcome setbacks to conquer an important challenge. Item 2 : New ideas and projects sometimes distract me from previous ones. Item 3 : My interests change from year to year. Item 4: Setbacks do not discourage me. 6) 6 new items added to this Grit Scale. (Item 13 to 18) Examples : Item 13 : When faced with difficult task, I can try again until overcome difficulties. Item 14 : Setbacks can easily make me lose confidence. Item 16 : I am eager to do something new, yet if other do not give support, I will not make it. Item 17 : I will complete a given task well before doing another task. 8) Scoring Item 1,4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17 and 18 5 : Very much like me 4 : Mostly like me 3 : Somewhat like me 2 : Not much like me 1 : Not like me at all Item 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11,14 and 16 1 = Very much like me  2 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me  4 = Not much like me 5 = Not like me at all    7) Grit Scale has 2 dimensions: Perseverance of Effort (PE) Item 1 , 6, 9, 10, 11, 12 Item 13,14,15 (New items) Consistency of Interest (CI) Item 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 Item 16, Item 17, Item 18 (New items) 4

5. Naser Mohamed Shaban (2020) Research entitled Validation of Grit Scale in the Arabian Context for Egyptian Players’ (2020) Samples : 155 Egyptian athletes (97: M and 58:F) The results of the statistical analysis confirmed the Grit Scale in the context of Egyptian culture and society Conclusion : Egyptian athletes have high self -confidence, perseverance, and enthusiasm in the field in which they are engaged. Meanwhile, for coaches, this research can provide them with information about the personality of their trainees. Studied the performance of educators in the Philippines using the Teacher Grit Scale (TGS) in the research entitled ‘Development of a Teacher Grit Scale (TGS): Predicting the Performance of Educators in the Philippines Purpose : To develop, validate the Teacher Grit Scale and determine its predictive validity for performance The results show that the factors describing grit are: 1) Perseverance in Teaching and 2) Passion and Purpose in Teacher Baraquia Lee (2020) 2.0 Review of Past Literature 5

6. 3.0 Methodology Description of the test/scale/inventory (Four Building Scale) Example : 6 Item 3 : I like to work hard on problems that I am not sure of solving. 5 = Very much like me  4 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me 2 = Not much like me  1 = Not like me at all  1) Construct Maps

7. 3.0 Methodology Description of the test/scale/inventory (Four Building Scale) 1) Construct Maps Respondents or respondents features People who extremely like challenges     People who like challenges     People who hate challenges     People who extremely hate challenges Responses to Items Have a strong interest in solving challenging tasks.   It’s nice to try challenging tasks occasionally.   I never take the initiative to choose challenging tasks.   It’s impossible to ask me to choose a challenging task. Direction of increasing possibility to choose challenging problems Direction of decreasing possibility to choose challenging problems Left side – Measured variables (Show the group of respondents who like challenges or hat challenges) Up and down arrow – Show continuum of the construct, whether it low or high Right side – Show the qualitative differences in item responses 7

8. Example items Item 1: When faced with difficult tasks, I can try again and again until overcome difficulties. 5 = Very much like me  4 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me 2 = Not much like me  1 = Not like me at all  Direction of increasing trying times when face difficulties Respondents or respondents features Extremely persistent person   Persistent person     People who give up easily     People who give up extremely easily Responses to Items Never give up until overcome difficulties.   May try 3 times. Give up if still unsuccessful   Try at most once, give up if I don’t succeed, thinking that it’s a waste of time   Don't try as long as I have difficult tasks Direction of decreasing trying times when face difficulties 8

9. Example items Item 2 : I am eager to do something new, yet if other do not give support, I will not make it. 1 = Very much like me  2 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me  4 = Not much like me 5 = Not like me at all Direction of increasing interest in doing something new Direction of decreasing interest in doing something new Respondents or respondents features   Extremely passionate person     Passionate person     People who give up easily     People who give up extremely easily Responses to Items   Keep doing things to succeed without support from others   Will do the things but do not expect encouraging results   May start thing, yet if there is an obstacle, I will stop   Afraid to try for fear of failing because no one supports me 9

10. 2) Item Design Fixed-response format or Likert-type response format Item 2 : I will spend at least an hour completing difficult questions for a given homework. 5 = Very much like me  4 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me 2 = Not much like me  1 = Not like me at all    10

11. 3) Outcome Space Marton (1981) introduced outcome space The scoring point 5 = Very much like me  4 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me 2 = Not much like me  1 = Not like me at all  1 = Very much like me  2 = Mostly like me  3 = Somewhat like me  4 = Not much like me 5 = Not like me at all 11

12. 4) The Measurement Model Rasch Model The item has been scored polytomous – Has scale 1 to 5 or 5 to 1 12

13. She developed the Grit Scale with her colleagues. The individuals who got higher score in Grit Scale will show his good performances in the various fields The Grit Scale - a set of measurements designed and constructed to measure trait-levels of perseverance and passion for a long-term purpose I nitially, Duckworth had written 27-item scale to quantitatively measure grit. Items were reduced to 17-items after reviewing the quality of each item T he results from Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed that 5 items must be removed from the 17-item scale The Consistency of Interest (6 negatively phrased items) and Perseverance of Effort (6 positively phrased items) - 2 factors in this scale Year developed – 2007 Respondents - 10 years old to adult 12-item scale (Grit-O) and 8-item scale (the Short Grit Scale, or Grit-S) are available in Grit Scale A ll Grit-Scale items were measured on a 5-point Likert scale 3 available languages English French German Score range from 1 (Very much like me) to 5 (Not like me at all) Reverse score is used to improve the validity of the scale – 5 (Very much like me) to 1 (Not like me at all) Score – Add up all points and divide by 12. Maximum score – 5 (extremely gritty) Minimum score – 1 (not at all gritty) List of Initial Items Development 13

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16. 5.0 References Baraquia , Lee (2020). Develoment of a Teacher Grit Scale (TGS): Predicting the Performance of Educators in the Philippines. New Educational Review, 60 (13), 165 – 177. http: //doi.org/ 10.15804/tner.2020.60.2.13 Duckworth, A.L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M.D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 92 (6), 1087 – 1101. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087 Duckworth,A.L ., & Quinn, P.D. Development and validation of the short grit scale (grit-s)[J]. Journal of Personality Assessment, 2009, 91(2), 166-174. 16

17. Jachimowicz , J. M., Wihler , A., Bailey, E. R., & Galinsky, A. D. (2018). Why grit requires perseverance and passion to positively predict performance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(40), 9980–9985. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803561115. Li, Caihong (2015). The Short Grit Scale: A Dimensionality Analysis (Master’s Thesis, University of Kentucky). Retrieved from https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=edp_etds Mooradian , T., Matzler , K., Uzelac , B. and Bauer, F. (2016), “Perspiration and inspiration: grit andinnovativeness as antecedents of entrepreneurial success”,Journal of Economic Psychology,Vol . 56, pp. 232-243, doi : 10.1016/j.joep.2016.08.001.JEEE Naser Shaban. (2020). Validation of Grit Scale in the Arabian Context for Egyptian Players. Science, Movement and Health, 20 (2), 153 – 157. Rogoza , R., Najderska , M., Karas , D & Ponikiewska , K. (2017). Psychometric Properties of the Polish Version of the Short Grit Scale. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 48 (2), 229 – 236. doi : 10.1515/ppb-2017-0026 17

18. Salisu , Isyaku & Hashim, Norashidah & Shehu Mashi , Munir & Galadanchi , Aliyu. (2020). Perseverance of effort and consistency of interest for entrepreneurial career success: Does resilience matter? Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. ahead-of-print. 10.1108/JEEE-02-2019-0025. Duckworth, A., & Gross, J. J. Self-control and grit: Related but separable determinants of success[J]. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2014,23(5), 319-325. Timothy, T. (2013). Handbook of Quantitative Methods for Educational Research. Sense Publishers. Wilson, M. (2005). Constructing Measures: An Item Response Modeling Approach. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Wetson , L. (2015). A Replication and Extension of Psychometric Research on the Grit Scale (Master’s Thesis, University of Maryland). Retrieved from https://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/16401/Weston_umd_0117N_15858.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=n 18