Group#1_caldwell view.pptx

Skull radiographic procedures.

1. PA AXIAL PROJECTION (Caldwell) Radiographic procedure of skull Group Presentation

2. GROUP MEMBERS Doreen P Kaijage Numbilia S Mwendo Mahad I Adam Naomi D Kimenya Bella O Hassan Dishany J Chaula

3. ANATOMY OF SKULL Ap

4. Indications of Caldwell view Fracture of the bone Infections Foreign body Endocrine disorders Inflammatory processes in the facial bones

5. Patient preparation Physical preparation (removal of unwanted metals and materials) Pysiological preparation (self introduction, type of exam, reason for exam and the out)

6. Radiographic techniques Cassette size: 24 x 30 cm SID: 100cm Kvp : 75-85, mAs : 10-20 Centring 4cm superior to the nasion Collimation: Laterally to include soft tissue superiorly soft tissue

7. Positioning Rest patient nose and forehead aganst the table or Imaging device surface Flex neck as needed to align orbitalmeatal line perpendicular to image receptor Align mid- saggital plane perpendicular to midline of the imaging surface to prevent head rotation Centre IR to CR at angle of 15⁰ caudal

8. Positioning

9. Positioning

10. Radiographic appearence

11. Image characteristics IMAGE MUST INCLUDE All facial bones First cervical vertebra Frontal sinuses are demonstrated

12. Radiation protection Collimate laterally to include soft tissues, superiosly to include soft tissues Use of grid Minimize or reduce radiation dose to patient and the surrounding as far as possible

13. THE END