GROUP 1.pptx

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1. SAMPLE COLLECTION: PATIENT PREPARATION, EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES GROUP 1 MEMBERS KAIRUTHI BETTY BMLS/009J/2014 SHAHERIZAD HEMED SAID BMLS/5866/2014 KIPKEMOI GIDEON BMLS/011J/2014 THUVA ISAAC BMLS/4770/2014 MUTEMBEI BRIAN BMLS/019J/2014 OCHWACHI VINCENT BMLS/034J/2014

2. PATIENT PREPARATION The optimal time for collection of the Pap smear is two weeks after the first day of the last menstrual period. The patient should be instructed not to use vaginal medications, spermicides, or douches 48 hours prior to the collection of the Pap smear. The patient should also refrain from intercourse 24 hours prior to the collection of the Pap smear.

3. Pap Smear Kit Pap smear kit ensures that there is hassle free collection as it comes as a collective kit where you can collect fix the samples on to the slide and a transport box which is very convenient to send samples individually.

4. CYTOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS AND ITS USES Cytobrush - used to collect endothelial cells from the endocervix vaginal Speculum- consist of a hollow cylinder with rounded end that is divided in to two hinged part.it looks like the beak of a duct it is inserted into the vagina to dilate for examination of the vagina and cervix. Preserve cyt -medium used to preserve cervical samples before the preparation of the thin prep slides. Cytobroom -obtain samples from the cervix(squamous cells). Endometrial sampling-used to remove small pieces of tissue from the endometrium wall.

5. REAGENTS. ThinPrep Preserve Cyt Solutions – Flammable Use with adequate ventilation. Inhalation of vapors may cause nonspecific discomfort (nausea, weakness), drowsiness with anesthetic effects and possible blindness. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wear gloves when using. Wash hands after use. Store away from excessive heat (<86o F or 30o C). Cytology Spray Fixative – Flammable Used to fix cells on slide after collection. It stays intact for long periods. Use with adequate ventilation and avoid breathing vapors. Prolonged exposure may cause mild irritation, drying, cracking or contact dermatitis. Persons with pre-existing skin disorders, eye problems, impaired liver; kidney or respiratory function may be more susceptible to the effects of this substance.

6. Cytofix Spray

7. PREPARATION OF CERVIX Warm water should be used to lubricate the speculum. Lubricant jelly should be avoided as it often obscures cellular material making cytologic evaluation difficult or impossible. The speculum must be positioned so that the outer surface of the cervix appears at the end of the instrument, since a sample from this area is necessary for adequate specimen collection. In order to not obscure the smear, remove excess blood, mucus, or inflammatory material gently with dry gauze, without forcibly removing any cellular material.

8. Pap Test Collection Technique Thin Prep Pap Collection Thin Prep Cytobrush /Spatula Combination Technique Using a plastic spatula, obtain an adequate sampling from the ectocervix . Rinse the spatula in the PreservCyt vial by swirling the spatula vigorously. Using the brush device, insert it into the cervix until only the bottom fibers are exposed. Slowly rotate ¼ to ½ turn in on direction. Do not over rotate. Rinse the brush in the same PreservCyt vial by rotating the device in the solution 10 times while pushing against the vial wall to release the cellular material.

9. 6. Discard the brush. 7. Replace the vial cap securely. 8. Label vial with patient’s first name, last name, and date of birth. 9. Transport to clinical laboratory at room temperature.

10. B. Thin Prep Broom Device Technique 1. Insert the central bristles of the broom device into the endocervical canal deep enough to allow the shorter bristles to fully contact the ectocervix . 2. Push gently and rotate the broom in a clockwise direction five times. 3. Rinse the broom quickly into the PreservCyt vial by pushing the broom against the bottom of the vial vigorously to release the cellular material. 4. Discard the broom. 5. Replace the vial cap securely. 6. Label vial with patient’s first name, last name, and date of birth. 7. Transport to clinical laboratory at room temperature.