GROUP_7_HISTORY_ASSIGNMENT[1][1].pdf Architecture

*Architecture
*Urban Planing
* History of Architecture

1. AFFORDABLE
HOUSING IN KENYA
GLORIA FAITH WANGUI -ABS211-0216/2020
JEFF HABIL OGOLA -ABS211-0334/2020
BONIFACE MBULI-ABS211-0024/2020
MICHELLE WAMBUI -ABS211-0291/2020
JOHN THUO-ABS211-0334/2020
KELVIN KOOME -ABS211-0034/2020
GROUP 7
MEMBERS

2. RUSSIANCONSTRUCTIVISM
YEARS ACTIVE; 1915 -1934
COUNTRY; RUSSIA[SOVIET UNION]
MAJOR FIGURES; VLADMIR TATLIN AND ALEXANDER
RODCHENKO
INFLUENCES; SUPREMANTISM, CUBISM AND
FUTURISM
INFLUECED; BAUHAUS AND DE STIJL
Constructivism aimed at creating an image of the industrial society
and urban space at the time through use of abstract and austere
ideology.
The constructivism movement spreads globally influencing;
Architecture, Sculpture, Graphic design, Industrial design,
Film, Fashion, and Music.

3. RUSSIANCONSTRUCTIVISM AS A VARIANT OF MODERN
ARCHITECTURE
Constructive Architecture too aimed at creating an
image of the industrial society and urban space at
the time through use of abstract and austere
ideology.
The movement focused on industrial assembly of
materials rather than decorative stylization in
architectural design.
Favored architecture for propaganda and social
purposes hence the movements majorly aligned to
the Soviet Socialism and gave rise to Russian avant-
garde

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTIVE
ARCHITECTURE
Straight clean lines.
The facades were designed to portray
smooth, crisp lines that further creates
little disturbance to the general geometry.
Use of cubes and rectangles.
The clean lines informed the often
playful geometry of cubism and cuboidal
forms.
Use of cylindrical geometry.
Cylinders were often used as structural
elements as is one of the strongest
geometrical figure, particularly on along
its length.

5. Merged elements of the modern era into the
design
As modern technology advanced, buildings
had to accommodate the new demands such
as radio antennas were mounted on building
hence embedded into the architecture.
Use of tension cables.
They add to structural strength and increase
efficiency of as heavy beams are substituted.
They also offer aesthetic playfulness to the
buildings form.
Concrete frames and steel girders.
This glorified the modern materials used as
they were exposed.
Also improved structural properties of the
buildings hence promoting socialism of the
soviet union.

6. Modern materials.
Glass, Steel, Concrete, Brick, and Lumber were
explored in different scenarios in Russian
constructivism.
Modern technology and engineering.
To back the use of modern materials
construction techniques had to evolve by
experimenting on different materials to
achieve better workability and efficiency
in construction processes.
Repetition.
Elements were multiplied either horizontally
or vertically to achieve design composition.

7. LEGACY OF RUSSIANCONSTRUCTIVE ARCHITECTURE
Exploration of high tech materials and engineering technology
has played a major role in the advancement of modern
architecture.
Ease of construction process, this is through exploration of
the building materials and technology.

8. COMPARISON BETWEEN NARKOMFIN AND
UNITAE d’HABITATION
INRODUCTION
Following the Russian revolution , the Narkomfin building was designed in an attempt to
bring communism to domestic life and force people to interact by introducing communal
spaces in the building such as shared kitchens, bathrooms , gyms , schools and other such
essential facilities.
The project was designed by MoiseiGinzburgand IgnatyMilinisin Novinsky
Boulevard.
The Narkomfin building overtime deteriorated and had to undergo renovation.
Le Corbusier took an interest in the Narkomfin building on one of his visits to the
Soviet Union, a study of the plans informed his design of the Unitae d’Habitation which
was very similar to the Narkomfin Building.

9. Materials
In both Narkomfin Building and Unitae d’Habitation building concrete was used as
the main material for the main structure of the buildings.
However, in the Narkomfin building the exterior walls were painted a yellowish tint
as a result of the influence by Bauhaus student HinnerkScheper. On the other
hand , in the Unitae d’Habitation building, the concrete was left exposed with no
paint applied.
Unitae d’Habitation building exterior finish.
Narkomfin building exterior finish.

10. Spaces
The spatial organization for both buildings is quite similar in that in both they
boast communal facilities such as shared kitchens , laundry rooms , gyms and
recreational spaces. This sort of spatial planning drives the communist ideals
held in Russia.
Narkomfin building Unitae d’Habitation building
In both buildings , the apartment units are of different types . Some are singles
while others are family rooms.

11. There is reduced access space in the two buildings with the Unitae d’Habitation having
three floors sharing one interior hallway. A similar concept is adopted in the Narkomfin
building having the 54 apartment units being organized along two broad horizontal
hallways with stairs at both ends of the block.
Sectional elevation of Narkomfin building. Sectional elevation of Unitae d’Habitation building.

12. Both buildings had long, elegant facades with incorporated patio and large horizontal
windows , so as to minimize on the verticality of the buildings while emphasizing on the
horizontality of the buildings.
Front façade of Narcomfin building. Front façade of Unitae d’Habitation building.
For the Narkomfin building, the orientationof the living space was in the West direction to
capture evening light while for the bedrooms it was oriented in the East to provide view of
the sunrise.

13. Structure
Foundation-The foundation was made with isolated footings.
Roof terraces-The roofs of both buildings were used as recreational spaces for the
residents.
Roof terrace of Narcomfin building. Roof terrace of Unitae d’Habitation
building.

14. Both buildings were raised from the ground by pilotis. Their purpose was
to enhance air circulation allow for gardens and gathering places bellow the
structures. They also connected the interior of the buildings and exterior .
Narcomfin building.
Unitae d’Habitation building.

15. NARKOMFIN BUILDING AS A MODEL FOR
AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN KENYA
GROUP 7 15

16. BRIEF INTRO
The Narkomfin Building is a block of flats
at 25, Novinsky Boulevard, in the Central
district of Moscow, Russia
Conceived as a "transitional type of
experimental house", it is a renowned
example of Constructivist architecture and
avant-garde housing design by arch Moisei
GinzburgGinzburgrecommends detailed
typification according to family and social
type, and advocates the use of durable
materials
Affordable housing projects can borrow
from the Narkomfin building in the
following aspects:
16

17. FUNCTIONALITY:
•Housing should also be constructed near
schools, social and recreational facilities.
•The Narkomfinbuilding had a separate
building block, connected to the apartment
building by a sheltered walkway, which
offered a café, dining hall, shared kitchen,
gym, library, and a kindergarten.
•Residents were encouraged to spend their
leisure time in these public spaces.
•Affordable Housing projects in Kenya should
include social and recreational facilities. 17

18. UTILIZATION OF SPACE:
•Architect Ginzburguses 2 storeyunits of
apartments in order to save space,
wrapping them around the corridors in a
way that there are five inhabited floors and
only two corridors.
•Apartments have no rooms in a classical
understanding, are open plan . Spaces are
divided by levels and staircases.
YOUR COMPANY NAME 18

19. UTILIZATION OF SPACE:
•Spaces that are considered unnecessary
are being thrown away, while all the
auxiliary facilities, such as the kitchen and
laundry , are moved into a new communal
space that is separated from the main
block.
•The apartments are of different sizes
each specifies for certain groups i.e.:
family apartments, couple apartments and
singles apartments, this enables the spaces
to suit ones need and avoids wastage.
19

20. SOCIALLY COHESIVE
SOCIETY
•It served to show views on collective
forms of domestic living tracing
connections between architectural form
on one hand and family and social
structures on the other.
•This was archived by;
• spatial layouts
• inhabitation patterns
• technology advances

21. •Sense of community was fostered
by joint use of circulation areas
and communal spacesand
facilities such as dining halls, kitchen
and bathrooms
•This joined use of areas can be
incorporated in housing in Kenya to
promote interactionsamong
people.

22. •Building was divided horizontally into two parts.
•Lower levels provided large apartments<type k>
for families
•upper floors featured one room apartments that
encouraged more communal living.
•The adjacent communal block housing a gym,
kitchen that served to facilitate a rapid and
painless transition to higher social forms of
housekeeping.

23. •In the interior, low bedroom ceilings are made
tolerable by the double height of the living room.
•This made it comfortable enough to host large
number of guests in house hence promting
socialization.
•The colourschemes visually modify spacial
arrangements and affect the energy balance of
the residents
•This can be incoperatedby housing in kenyaby
corrective use of colourin interior walls and
different ceiling heights to show purpose in
spaces.

24. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
AND MATERIAL
•Use of large windows in the building
Thishelpswithmaximizinguseofnatural
lighthenceminimizingneedforartificiallighting
•This can be used in affordable housing in
Kenya to minimize cost used in electricity
during daytime
•The ceiling is designed in such a way that it is
low in the bedroom spaces and double
volume in the living spaces this ensures stack
ventilation to take place reducing cost used in
air conditioning making the houses more
affordable

25. •Part of ground floor is open, free from
obstacles and is porous to allow for
stack ventilation used in cooling the area
•In Kenya we can incorperatethis design
in appartmentbuildings by secluding
ground floor for parking space s hence
promoting passage of air for ventilation

26. Reinforced concrete has been used
majorly in most of the building
This require low maintenacecost and are
able to resist all weather elements and
high stress environmental conditions.
It also requires less labor as compared to
some other materials hence cheaper to
put up
This can be used In Kenyan affordable
housing as it saves on costrequired to
put up the buildings as compared to
other materials.
Facades have been painted white
which reflects most sun rays reducing
heat gain in building leading to thermal
comfort

27. AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROJECTS -
KENYA
PANGANIAND PARK ROAD

28. INTRODUCTION
Nairobi city county government has been at the centreof the progress made in the
renewal of old estates while recognizing the fact that the city has the potential of
constructing affordable housing units for residents.
YOUR COMPANY NAME 28

29. The Panganiaffordable housing project is
an integrated mixed used multi-story
development found within Nairobi’s
Starehearea, along Ring Road Ngaraand
the vicinity of Thikasuper highway.
The project is a partnership between the
Nairobi city county government and
Urban Housing renewal meant to develop
1500 residential units of various
typologies.
29

30. The project targets the middle and lower middle class
population of the society and boasts contemporary social
lifestyle and security amenities i.e,
a)Ample parking
b)Power connection
c)Water connections
d)Children play grounds
e)Beautiful landscaped gardens
f)Paved walkways and access roads
g)Commercial centers within the area
30

31. FAILURES OF PANGANI
HOUSING PROJECT
Provision of affordable
housing at the Nairobi –
Panganiareas has been a
challenge and it has affected
the low middle income
groups.
YOUR COMPANY NAME 31

32. 1)Poor water conservation and
preservation.
2)Poor energy conservation.
3)High interests charged on the
affordability of design.
4)High operation and maintenance costs.
5)Poor construction technology used and
less use of raw materials during
construction
YOUR COMPANY NAME 32

33. 6) High operation and
maintenance cost as a result of
pollution from the city environs.
7) inappropriate siting of housing
units and design.
8) Water use and recycling
9)Poor waste management
systems
33

34. REFERENCES
34
Vronskaya, A. (2020) Making sense of narkomfin, Architectural Review. Available at: https://www.architectural-
review.com/essays/making-sense-of-narkomfin.
Sayer, J. (2020) The winding saga of the restoration of the Narkomfin, an icon of Soviet constructivism, ArchDaily.
ArchDaily. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/947148/the-winding-saga-of-the-restoration-of-the-
narkomfin-an-icon-of-soviet-constructivism.
UnitéD´HABITATION ile corbusierI a walk through in 4K(2018) YouTube. Available at:
https://youtu.be/usdUcwP9lT0.
Constructivist architecture(2022) Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivist_architecture#/media/File:Verzamelgebouw_De_Volharding_-
_De_Volharding_Multi-user_building_(4750939167).jpg.
Constructivist architecture(2022) Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivist_architecture#/media/File:University_of_Leicester_Engineering_Bui
lding_-_view_from_below.jpg.