GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN TODDLERS.pptx

Growth and development milestones in toddlers mark key physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes. These milestones guide Nurses and parents in tracking a child’s progress, ensuring timely identification of delays and promoting optimal health and developmental outcomes.

1. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN TODDLERS(1-3 YEARS) Mr. Pradeep Abothu, M.Sc (N), PhD Scholar, Associate Professor, Dept. of Child Health(N) ASRAM College Of Nursing

2. Growth and development milestones in toddlers mark key physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes. These milestones guide Nurses and parents in tracking a child’s progress, ensuring timely identification of delays and promoting optimal health and developmental outcomes.

3. Growth and development in children aged 1 to 2 years: Aspect Milestones Physical Development Legs appear Bow-legged, grows 3 inches per year for 6-7 years. Anterior fontanelle closes, 10-14 deciduous teeth are typically present, and toilet training may begin as sphincter control develops during 18–24 months.

4. Aspect Milestones Gross Motor The Child Gets to standing and can walks alone between 11.5–14.5 months. Child Walks up (15–16 months) and down (17– 18 months) the Stairs with railing. Child starts Running between the ages of 19–20 months. Jumping between 23–24 Months.

5. Aspect Milestones Fine Motor The child picks up small objects like rice grain, thread with thumb and index finger between 12- 14 months. Scribbles spontaneously between 12-14 months. Turns pages, 1 at a time between 22-25 months. Turns door knobs between 22 – 25 months.

6. Aspect Milestones Cognitive Functional object use like combs own hair, pushes toy car by 12-15 months. Imitates using real props like sweeps with broom, bangs with hammer by 15–18 months.

7. Aspect Milestones Speech & Language Imitates animal noises. Produces approximately 50 words by 16-18 months. Speaks in 2 words combination between 18-24 months. Identifies body parts, surrounding objects and family members by 19-24 months.

8. Aspect Milestones Social & Emotional Show intense feelings for parents and show affection for other familiar people. Play by themselves and initiate their own play. Express negative feelings. Imitate adult behaviours in play. Begin to be helpful, such as by helping to put things away.

9. Red Flags Has trouble seeing or hearing, does not say a single word Does not point, wave or use gestures, does not follow simple commands Does not enjoy eye contact or cuddles, is not walking alone Prefers to use one hand (By the end of 18 months) Does not run or climb stairs Not using two words together, Poor emotional expression No pretend play Does not copy actions, does not scribble

10. Growth and development in children aged 2 to 3 years: Aspect Milestones Physical Development By the end of 3 years, typically has 16 baby teeth, average weight is around 12 kilograms, and has an average length of 92 centimetres.

11. Aspect Milestones Gross Motor The child Pedals a tricycle between the ages of 24–30 months. Walks down the stairs with no railing between 25–26 months. Walks up the stairs by alternating feet and no railing between 35–36 months. Stands on 1 foot for few seconds. Walks on tip of their toes for few seconds.

12. Aspect Milestones Fine Motor Imitates vertical and horizontal lines. Unscrews lids of container. Copies a circle. Cognitive Recognizes missing part of a picture/ toy by 24- 28 months. Beginning of concept formation e.g. “big- small”, "more- less” comes between 28-32 months. Matches box or marbles that are of same colour.

13. Aspect Milestones Speech & Language Child starts telling three-to-four-word sentences by 24-36 months, sequential narratives by 30-36 months. Starts asking what, who, where, why? by 24-36 months.

14. Aspect Milestones Social & Emotional Show awareness of gender identity. Indicate toileting needs. Help to dress and undress themselves. Be assertive about their preferences and say no to adult requests. Begin self-evaluation and develop notions of themselves as good, bad, attractive, etc. Show awareness of their own feelings and those of others, and talk about feelings.

15. Red Flags Persistent difficulty with basic motor skills. Awkward or uncoordinated movements. Difficulty in manipulating small objects. Extreme tantrums. Lack of interest in communicating with others.

16. THANK YOU!