gypsophila-131207071851-phpapp01 (1) (1).ppt

gypsophila

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2. Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology
Gypsophila
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Datta Awchar
(2012-11-106)
College of Horticulture

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Baby’s Breath
Greek word: gypsos–gypsum
philos–friendship
Family:Caryophyllaceae
Origin: Europe & Asia
Important member of top ten cut flowers
Introduction

4. Both single & double flowers extensively used as cut
flowers
G. paniculataandG. eleganspopular cutflowerused
in flower arrangement and bouquets
Mainly used as fillers in flower arrangements and
bouquets
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...Introduction

5. oG. elegans
oG. pacifica
oG. paniculata
oG. acutifolia
oG. cerastioides
oG. perfoliata
oG. repens
oG. viscosa 5
There are about 150 species in the genus
Species include:

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G. paniculata G. repens
G. elegans G. aretioides

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G. pacifica
G. cerastioides
G. viscosa
G. perfoliata

8. EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING PLANT
GROWTH & FLOWERING
Photoperiod :
Lond day plant
Flower inducement more effective after 45 days
of vernalization & 16 hours of photoperiod
Light :
Critical factor in flower production during winter
Gypsophila does best in full sun in cool summer
areas or partial sun in warm summer areas
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9. Temperature :
Optimum growing temperature is 15°C
Higher temperature (30°C) will reduce flowering
Relative humidity :
oPlantlets grown at high RH larger & consisted of more
shoots than in low RH
CO
2 :
Within a month CO
2treated plants showed a weight
increase by 2-3 times than control
CO
2 concentration upto350 microliters
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10. Plant growth regulators :
GA, BA, Kinetin, Paclobutrazol have influence on growth &
flowering
Photoperiods & temperatures also influence the efficacy of
PGRs
GA
3250mg/l spray 3 times a week increase plant height,
number of flowering shoots/plant & length of flowering shoot
Application of BA 300ppm in heated plastic green house
under long day conditions promoted flower initiation
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11. PROPAGATION
Seed propagation
Vegetative propagation
Cutting
Grafting
Micropropagation
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12. CULTIVATION
Areas with congenial climate grown in outdoors
Gypsophila is a long day plant requires plenty of sun light
with high irradiance
Location:
Should be sunny throughout the day
Free from any strong winds
Amble supply of irrigation water
Should not be any waterlogging
Should be free of frost
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13. Soil & soil sterilization:
Soil should be well drained with a low water table
pH -6.5 to 7.5
Plot with a 3 years history of monoculture, yield increases
with solarization & fumigation with methyl bromide with
15% & 27% respectively
Soilless cultivation:
The best substrate for growth of G. paniculata is perlite +
peat & husk pines + perlite + peat substrate
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14. Types of cultivation:
Open field
Green house
Planting density:
Depends on the variety –6-8 plants/square meter
40,000-50,000 plants per hectare
Bed should be 1 m wide and the paths between beds 0.5 m
Irrigation:
2-3 drip lines and an overhead system
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15. Pruning:
After the second flush plants are pruned usually 2-3 cm
above ground level
The GA 150ppm is sprayed after the pruning when growth
is delayed
Pinching:
Pinching increases the flower stalk length & cut flower
production
Pinching delays the days to budding & blooming but
increase the flower stalk length
Leaf number & leaf width larger under non pinching
treatment than pinching treatment
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16. Mulching:
Black polyethylene film hasten flowering
Cut flower yield increased by early planting & use of
reflective film
Harvesting:
It is harvested when the flowers are open & not matured
Flowers on the plant do not open simultaneously
Tip of spray opens first & is harvested separately
Flowers should not placed in water & refrigerated
immediately after the harvest
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17. POST HARVEST HANDLING & TECHNOLOGY
Gypsophila exhibited a vase life of 14 days
Flower can be stored for 1-2 days at 4
0
C
Dried flowers last for >1 year
Bud opening solution:
Improve the water balance of cut inflorescence during transport
200ppm 8HQC + 25 ppm silver nitrate + 5-10% sugar for 72
hours
Pulsing solution:
5% sucrose + 510 ppm Benzalkonium chloride + 300 ppm GA
at 21
0
C results the longest vase life with 99% flower
opening
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18. Vacuum cooling:
Cooling rate increased with both water spray & stem water
absorption
Water absorption through stem of cut flowers of gypsophila
used to prevent water loss during vacuum cooling
Packing:
A corrugated modified atmosphere box (MAP box) consisting
of an inner layer of a differentially permeable polymer
incorporated into a craft liner laminated with a tissue paper
used for packing
Inner layer limits the diffusion of CO
2& water vapourfrom the
box
Tissue paper acts to prevent the formation of water droplets
on the inside surface
It is commonly used when flowers are sent by sea transport
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19. Storage of cut flower:
Gypsophila flowers with about 50% flowers in open
condition kept in a preservative solution
Store >2 weeks at 2
0
C
Gypsophila should not be stored dry as the flowers will fail
to open
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20. Drying of flowers:
Two methods:
1. Flowers are air dried & kept upright in a container of water
covering only the cut ends, at a temperature of 10
0
C
2. Flowers are dipped in a solution of 1 part of glycerine & 2
parts of water
Flowersshouldberemovedfromtheglycerinesolutionwhen
dropsofwateraccumulateontheleafsurface
Stemshouldbedriedkeepingtheflowershangingdownina
wellaeratedroom
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21. Cold storage & cryopreservation of plants:
Roots cut into 20cm long pieces & kept with or without peat
moss in containers stored at -2 or 2
0
C for 6 months
Fresh weight of root clumbs & crowns unchanged after the
cold storage
Fructose found to be high in roots stored along with peat
moss at 2
0
C
More plant height, early flower bud formation & flowering,
longer flower stalks & thicker stem
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22. PESTS OF GYPSOPHILA
Thrips
Regent (Fipronil) @ 1.5ml/l
Pride (Acetamiprid) @ 0.4gm/l
Caterpillar
Proclaim (Emamectin benzoate) @ 0.2ml/l
Nematodes
Benlate (Benomyl) @ 3gm/l
Hydrogen peroxide with silver @ 3ml/l
Whitefly
Astra (Methomyl) @ 1.5gm/l
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23. DISEASES
Powdery mildew
Wettable sulphur @ 1.5gm/l
Index (Myclobutanil) @ 0.5gm/l
Fusarium
Topsin-M (Thyaphanate-Methyl) @ 2gm/l

Root rot
Bavistin @ 2gm/l
Bacterial blight
Streptocyclin @ 0.2ml/l
Emison (Ethoxy methyl mercury chloride) @ 1.5ml/l
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White
Million Stars –small semidouble blooms
Fun Time Ultra –small blooms
Golan –medium-sized semidouble blooms
New Love –medium-sized semidouble Blooms
Dynamic Love–medium-sized double Blooms
Over Time –large blooms
Bristol Fairy –large double blooms
Pink
Pinkolina -medium-sized semidouble blooms
My Pink –large double blooms
Pink Fairy –large double blooms
Pink Star –large double blooms
Popular varieties

25. THANK YOU
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Thank you