Hall effect

presentation related to hall effect and its application

1. Harsh Shukla Hall Effect and Its Applications HALL EFFECT THRUSTER

2. The Hall effect was discovered in 1879 by Edwin Herbert Hall while working on his doctoral degree at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, USA Discovered 18 years before the electron. Discovery

3. The Hall effect is the production of a voltage difference (the Hall voltage) across a current carrying conductor (in presence of magnetic field), perpendicular to both current and the magnetic field. What is hall Effect?

4. When a current-carrying conductor is placed into a magnetic field, a voltage will be generated perpendicular to both the current and the field. When a perpendicular magnetic field is present. A Lorentz force is exerted on the electron. Due to which Electron moves in perpendicular direction to both current and Magnetic Field. And develop a Potential difference across the conductor or semiconductor. Theory

5. Creates internal electric potential, known as Hall voltage. where ‘d’ is the thickness of the metal along the direction of Magnetic field. In metals : In semiconductors:   Hall Voltage and hall Coefficient

6. Used as M agnetometers , i.e. to measure magnetic field. Hall effect sensor is also used as Current Sensor. Magnetic Position Sensing in Brushless DC Electric Motors Automotive fuel level indicator. Spacecraft propulsion. And many more. Applications

7. Magnetometers Smart phones are equipped with magnetic compass . These compass measure Earth‘s magnetic field using 3-axis magnetometer . These magnetometer are sensors based on Hall Effect . These sensors produce a voltage proportional to the applied magnetic field and also sense polarity.

8. Working Example of hall Effect sensor

9. Current Sensor Hall effect current sensor with internal integrated circuit amplifier. When electrons flow through a conductor, a magnetic field is produced. This has several advantages: No additional resistance (a shunt) need be inserted in the primary circuit. Also, the voltage present on the line to be sensed is not transmitted to the sensor, which enhances the safety of measuring equipment.

10. Some types of brushless DC electric motors use Hall effect sensors to detect the position of the rotor and feed that information to the motor controller. This allows for more precise motor control. Position Sensing in Brushless DC Electric Motors

11. The main principle of operation of such indicator is position sensing of a floating element. When Button magnet is mounted on the surface of a floating object. The current carrying conductor is fixed on the top of the tank lining up with the magnet. As level of fuel rises, an increasing magnetic field is applied on the current resulting in higher Hall voltage. The fuel level is indicated and displayed by proper signal condition of Hall voltage. Automotive fuel level indicator Floating element Button Magnet

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