HAND HYGIENE.pptx

this ppt help to student for gainning information regarding the hand hygiene is important in our daily routine, in the health care sector along with the community sector which is use their daily routine patient care. & prevent the cross infection during care of patient, patient's family as were health care person.

1. HAND HYGIENE BY: MS. RINKAL PATEL

2. INTRODUCTION Hand hygiene or hand washing is one of the most important to prevent the transmission of infections. This is considered as the important step in the infection control.

3. DEFINITION Hand hygiene can be defined as many method of cleaning the hand that may include, washing of the hands using either antimicrobial or nonanimicrobial soap solutation/water and soap, or using an alcohol-based hand rub(liquid, gel or foam) on the surface of the hands. Accurate hand hygiene reduces the quality of microbes on hands.

4. INDICATIONS OF HAND WASING Perform hand washing with soap and water. It should be done when hands are: Visible soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids. After using washroom. Before & after having foods.

5. Common Agents Used for Hand Washings Plain soap or nonmedicated soap Alcohols (60-95% ethanol, isopopanol or n- propanol or combination of these) Chlorhexidine Chloroxylenol Hexachlorophene

6. The choice for hand hygiene product depends upon the : Transmission & patient risk factors: The degree of hand contamination. The degree to which reduced bacterial burden is required according to activity.

7. Transmission & patient risk factors: Practice patient care. Risk patient care. Confirmed or suspected resistant organism. Invasive or surgical procedures.

8. MOMENTS OF HAND WASING The moments of hand hygiene include the 5 moments in particular for the acute setting & other health setting. The ‘5 moments for hand hygiene’ approach is developed by the World Health Organization(WHO, 2009)

9. First moment : before touching a patient To protect the patient against acquiring infectious agent from the hands of the healthcare worker.

10. Second moment: before performing clean or aseptic procedure To protect patients from infectious agent (including their own) entering their bodies during procedures.

11. Third moment: after a procedure or body fluid exposure risk To protect the healthcare workers and the healthcare surrounding from acquiring patients’ infectious agents.

12. Fourth moment: after touching a patient To protect the healthcare workers and the healthcare surroundings from acquiring patients’ infectious agents.

13. Fifth moment: after touching a patient surrounding To protect the healthcare workers and the healthcare surroundings from acquiring patient’s infectious agents.

14. TYPES OF HAND WASHING

15. ANTISEPTIC HAND HYGIENE This is done using an antimicrobial agent that is most commonly used while performing certain procedures on the patients in IPDs, OPDs or in the isolation wards. This type of hand hygiene kills maximum transient microbial flora of the hands. The antiseptic hand hygiene is done during outbreaks of infection especially when contact with infected blood or body fluids or microbial contamination is suspected, during high risk of involvement work areas, some invasive procedure being done and during wound care, catheterization, etc.

16. The process of antiseptic hand hygiene can be categorized into the following 2 types based upon the usage of water during the hygiene process: Antiseptic hand wash: this is the washing of the hands done by using the antimicrobial soap/ solution & water. The antimicrobial soaps include, for ex: chlorexidine, iodine etc. Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR): This includes the us eof alcohol based antiseptic hand rub, ex: hydrex hand rub. The use of ABHR has many advantages for the hand hygiene purpose.

17. Steps of Alcohol-Based Hand Rub (ABHR)

18. MEDICAL HAND WASHING The hands when washed with soap and water usually remove dirt, dead skin, organic matter and most of the transient microbes on the hands. The hand washing before general procedures is called as the routine hand washing. The hand washing should be done for at least 40-60 sec. Wet the hands and apply soap, rub all surface, rinse the hands and then dry thoroughly with a single use towel or tissue paper.

19. Procedure For Medical Hand Washing Collect the articles (soap, towel, water supply ). Do not allow yourself to touch the washing area. For smooth functioning To prevent contamination of dree, as sink is considered contaminated Remove the ornaments or jewellery, nails should be short Microorganisms may collect in the jewellery and nails. Turn on the tap & wet your hands with water, regulate the temperature. For easy application of soap & temperature regulation to prevent burns. Warm water opens pores.

20. Take soap from the soap dispensary, if soap bar is used, after application rinse it under water. Apply soap with firm circular motion, in such manner that all hand surface should be covered. Rinsing soap help to remove the microorganisms from the surface To wash off microorganisms. The next step is rubbing your hands palm to palm. To wash off microorganisms. Place right palm over left dorsum with finger interlaced &vice versa. Rub palm to palm with finger interlaced.

21. Then rub back of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked. Clean the knuckles thoroughly . Do rotational rubbing of the left thumb clasped in right palm and vice versa. Paying attention to area that are commonly missed & microbes grow. Perform rotational rubbing in backward & forwards manners using clasped fingers of right hand in left palm & vice versa. Thereafter working on the wrist.

22. Rinse hands thoroughly with water & hold the hands down. To remove soap & dirt Afterwards dry your hands thoroughly with a single use towel or tissue. So that the hand do not get contaminated with used towel. Turn off the tap or faucet by using tissue paper or towel. To save water.

23. SURGICAL HAND WASHING The hand scrubbing done before a surgical procedure is called as the surgical hand scrub. The purpose of surgical hand hygiene is to prevent the transmission of microbes from the hands of the surgical team personnel to the patient’s wounds. The surgical hand scrub removes the soil, debris, dirt, transient and resident microbes before and during the surgery. Recommended time for washing the hands in 2-6 minutes. The surgical hand scrubbing with antiseptic agent before beginning surgical procedures:

24. Minimizes the number of microorganisms. Helps prevent the growth of microorganism on hand, under the gloves, for a period of time. It reduces the risk infections to the if the gloves are torn during the procedure.

25. Steps of Surgical Hand Washing Steps Rational Initial three steps are same as medical hand washing. Use foot control to dispense a few droops of the antimicrobial soap or detergent in to the palm of the hands. Or Take appropriately 5mL of hand rub in the palm of the left hand right hand to operate the dispenser. To prevent the contamination.

26. perform hand washing following the same steps of hand washing. Palm to palm, dorsum of hand with interlocking the webs, knuckles, thumbs, finger nails, wrist. Disposable article prevents cross infection. Smear the soap on the forearm up to the elbow (till 1 inch above elbow). Ensure that the whole skin are until the soap has fully lathered. Divided the arm in three parts & work in circular motion so that the whole arm surface is cleaned thoroughly. After cleaning the nail beds dispose the disposable nail cleaner. So that all the areas are paid attention and no microorganisms are harbored. Repeat this procedure in the other arm.

27. Rinse hands and arms under running water starting at the fingertips and working toward the elbows Maintain aseptic technique during the surgical scrub. Keep hands upright and elbows down when rinsing. Allow water to drip off elbows down when rinsing. Dry hands thoroughly prior to donning gloves, using a sterile towel.