Handicraft is Traditional Crafts that will Inspire us how our Ancestor is tallented

In this lesson you will learn about the various handicrafts in many places around the world

1. HANDICRAFTHANDICRAFT

2. WHAT IS
HANDICRAFT?

3. Handicraft is any wide variety
of work where useful and
decorative objects are made
completely by hand or by using
tools only.

4. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Philipine economy. It’s value both as a product and a skill has been
recognized time and again. This has been integrated in the Phillipine
educational system because of its relationship to arts. According to
UNESCO and Interational Bureau of Education. (Galvante 1958), the skill
and understanding required by studying art and encourage the
appreciation of nature, life, production, and art. Moreover, handicraft is
also recognized as an important means for aesthetic, intellectual, and
moral education. Taking handicraft as part of the curriculum would help
students develop self-realization through self-confidence, creative self-
expression and communication of one’s ideas to others. Students would
also learn to respect value the artistic expression of others within the
context of values prevailing in the community.

5. The culture and tradition of our country have also been preserved
through the love of handicraft. History gives concrete evidence of our
rich traditional art, skills and talents as well as the Filipino way of life.
Here are some examples:
CULTURAL IMPORTANCE

6. 1). Tacloban’s name was said to
have been derived from bamboo
baskets known as “taklub” or
cover. This “taklub” was created
for fishermen to catch fish,
crabs or shrimps in shallow
areas by hovering a fish and
covering it quickly to make a
catch.

7. 2.) In Davao, a similar basket was also
used by the Bagobo Tribe (Cole 1913).
This is the reason why, in the Social
Sciences and in Home Economics
subject, these handicrafted materials
are included as culture materials to
study how the community managed
their resources. At present, craftsmen
and majority of the Filipinos have
developed the love for handcraft
products by showcasing them not
only in museums but by also using
them in their everyday life.

8. Handicraft is a great contibutor to the economic development of the
Phillipines through job creation and employment. A huge number of
artisans and employes are hired by handicraft industries. Even with low
capital investments, handicraft products are now part of the international
market which bring additional income to the country.
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and handicraft entrepreneurs
operating the cottage industries are supported through the financial
programs and trade fairs coordinated by the Department of Trade and
Industry. The Phillipine Chamber of Handicraft has been organized by the
entrepeneurs themselves to help in promotion of the handicraft industry of
the country.
Thus, acquisition of knowlegde and skills in handicraft is something that you
must be proud of. You will get financial reward by doing something for the
end users and lovers of the crafted products. Above all, you help spread the
Filipino culture.

9. Handicraft in the Philippines is almost 5000 years
old. In the Philippines, some evidence of early
Filipinos craftsmanship have been discovered in
caves and in the burial places of ancient Philippine
tribes before the Spanish Colonial period (Galvante,
Udan, & Salvador, 1958). Some of these relics were
the 29 earthenware secondary burial pots called
the Maitum jars, named after Ayub Cave in Maitum,
Saranggani Province where these jars where found.
The report said that these jars were
“anthropomorphic”, meaning human-speed. The
jars have head-shaped covers which depict varied
facial expressions.
HANDICRAFTHANDICRAFT IN THE PHILIPPINES: A BRIEF HISTORYIN THE PHILIPPINES: A BRIEF HISTORY

10. Another similar treasure was found in Tabon
Cave, Palawan. This was believed to be a
work of a master potter, the structural design
of which features a lid boat where to human
figures are seated thought to represent souls
and voyage to the after life.
Although there is limited literature about
handicrafts during the early period,
pottery is not the only handicraft that has
been documented. Furniture carvings and
ornaments also share in the history of
handicrafts. The regular trade between
the Philippines and the neighboring
countries included handicrafts.

11. Handicraft flourished especially as
religious items during the Spanish
colonial period. The more
prominent handicrafts known were
the sculpture, woodcarving, metal
craft, embroidery, and weaving.
The Philippines was known for
embroidery such as Calado, which
was applied to clothes and
undergarments. The Banton,
Romblon, woven from red, black,
and white abaca threads is also
known as the oldest relic estimated
to be 400 years old during the time
of Spanish occupation.

12. The introduction of handiwork or skills in the primary
curriculum paved the way to the growth of handicraft in
the country during the American occupation. The teaching
of handicraft was taught differentiated by gender.
Carpentry was taught for boys while the embroidery such
as Calado was for the girls. Such development gave the
local designs and indigenous handicraft to flourish and
export of these products was made possible. The existing
free trade agreement with the United States has given
away for the export of Marikina shoes, buntal and Baliwag
hats, and other embroidered products.

13. With the advent of technology, handicrafts from the
different regions or provinces in the country have been
developed through time. Thee products of each region
were not only known in the Philippines but also abroad.
Moreover, with advanced technology, enabling
mechanized equipment to facilitate some process of
production, efforts were made to characterize and define
handicraft products to differentiate them from machine-
made ones (UNESCO-ITC, 1997). It is during this time that
entrepreneurs saw the rising demand for handicraft
products.

14. INDIGENOUS PHILIPPINE ARTS AND CRAFTS
Weaving is the most precious
traditional livelihood that
originated in the pre-colonial
times and is still kept until today.
The art of weaving of the
Cordillera tribal groups in the
northern part of the country is
still existing despite the threat of
the more practical, mass
production of cloth. The naties
used bachstrap loom to produce
blankets and articles of cloting
(The Freeman 2016.)

15. In the entire province of
Antique, Pinya cloth has also
been produced in looms. It is
delicate and exquisite hand
woven cloth that is made from
the fibers obtained from the
leaves of pineapple plants. The
Barong Tagalog is the most
popular made from this organic
and airy textile of pinya fiber.

16. Abaca fiber is produced from
the abaca plant which is grown
in some places in the country.
Eastern Visayas is the largest
supplier of this product followed
by the Bicol region. Abaca has
been cultivated in the country
since 1500s and became known
worldwide in the 1800s mainly
used as ropes in ship rigging.

17. Sinamay fabric is also
woven from abaca as well as
specialty papers like vacuum
bags, currency and tea bags.
Handicrafts like bags,
carpets, and clothing are
also some of the products
made from abaca.

18. HANDICRAFTS FROM SELECTED REGIONSHANDICRAFTS FROM SELECTED REGIONS
Almost every region in the Philippines has its own
“specialty” products or unique process. Examples of
traditional handicrafts from selected regions are
discussed in the succeeding paragraph.
Loom Weaving - Cordillera Administrative Region1.
Some of the tribes in the Cordillera have their unique
weaving techniques.
In Abra, there are three known types of weaving
techniques.

19. PINILIAN
Weaving features designs common
to the locality (Valmero, 2010). For
example, pineapple and guava are
depicted since these are the main
products of Abra.

20. BINAKOL
Binakol features uniform
geometric patterns that
depict the waves of sea.

21. TINIRI
Tiniri is differentiated in its
technique rather than it its
design since it uses “twisted
weaving technique”.

22. 2. Calado - Lumban, Laguna, and Taal, Batangas
Calado is a type of embroidery
using a process of pulling threads
from certain areas of a cloth, usually
pinya or jusi, then sewing the drawn
threads using various stitiches to
form clean holes on the cloth.

23. 3. Marble Craft - Romblon
Romblon marble is also known to
have qualities with commercial value
that can rival those of other countries
like Italy. The famous mortar and
pestle which are used in the kitchen
are the earliest products carved out of
marble.

24. HANDICRAFTS AND ITS BASIC ELEMENTSHANDICRAFTS AND ITS BASIC ELEMENTS
As defined, handicraft is reffered to as a product, process,
and a skill. It is a product or artisan craft when reffering to an
object of “aesthetic production” (Shivers & Calder, 1974), that is
created by hand or by using only simpy tools to serve a purpose
or possess a value (Arribas, 2009.) When its focus is on the
techniques such as weaving, to create an item by hand, the
term reffered to is process. Skill is the term used when the focus
is on the mode of expression as well as motor skills, particularly
on the dexterity and facility of the hands (Shivers & Calder,
1974.) In any handicrafts process, it is the handsthat control and
manipulate the materials and tools provided that the direct
manual contribution of the artisan remains the most substantial
component of the finished product (UNESCO-ICT, 1997.)

25. THE THREE BASIC ELEMENTS OF HANDICRAFTTHE THREE BASIC ELEMENTS OF HANDICRAFT
Handicraft cannot be created without considering
these three elements which are interrealated with one
another. The following are:
DESIGN. This refers to an idea or an arrangement scheme that is
shown or exhibited into a configuration, drawing, model, mold,
pattern, plan or specification to work out the form of an object. Once
the design is deawn by the artisan or designer, the expected finished
product shall be visualized with the given perspective.
1.

26. 2. MATERIAL. This is the most importnat element of handicraft
which is used as input to a production process for subsequent
transformation into the finished product. This could either be
natural, modified or in its semi-processed state.
3. TECHNIQUE. This refers to the method and process on how the
material is to be handled. The tools and equipment to be used
will determine the technique to be applied in the production
stage.

27. The inter relationship of the three elements
is illustrated in the following diagram as
espoused by the late Prof. Lydia Arribas. As
shown, the handicraft product is the
realization of the elements of design and is
most probably created depending on the need
of the customer. In the selection of the
material to be used in the execution of the
planned concept, the design and function of
the object have to be considered. In turn, the
material selected will suggest the technique
on how to the material is treated, processed
and handled to convert it to the desired object.

28. TYPES OF PHILIPPINE HANDICRAFT INDUSTRYTYPES OF PHILIPPINE HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY
There are several handicraft industries in the Philippines.
Different materials are used to produce these products. These are
sold to both local and foreign markets. Handicraft industries
generate income and improve the quality of lives of the owners and
their workers, their perspective families and contribute valuable
growth to our economy as well. The following are some of the major
handicraft products in our country.

29. RATTAN CRAFTRATTAN CRAFT
Rattan belongs to the palm family and
a native species are found in the regions such
as the Philippines in Asia, Austrilia, and
Africa. In Filipino term, rattan is also known
as “yantok”. It is a long and slender climbing
plant, whose sheaths are protected by its
spines that play a major role in the
supporting the rattan as it grows on other
plants in the forests.

30. BAMBOO CRAFTBAMBOO CRAFT
The art of making usable products are
out of bamboos is called bamboo craft. You
must have observed that bamboos are used
in building bahay-kubo (nipa-hut), furniture,
house furnishings like hangers, trays,
baskets, dividers, lamp shades, and many
more useful items at home.

31. LEATHER CRAFTLEATHER CRAFT
Articles made out of leather are called
leather craft. Taxidermy is the term that
refers to the art of preparing, stuffing, and
mounting the skins of animals, but generally
it is the head and the parts the back are used.
Some examples of leather products are bag,
shoes, jackets, coin purses, gloves, belts and
wallets.

32. COCONUT SHELL CRAFTCOCONUT SHELL CRAFT
Coconut shells are made into useful
articles through coconut shell craft industry.
After the coco meat is scraped from the
shells, they are cleaned and cut into various
shapes to be used in making articles like
buttons, brooches, table lamps, dippers,
ladles, and many more.

33. BASKET WEAVINGBASKET WEAVING
This is also called basketry, basket
making, which is the process of weaving
unspun vegetable fibers into a basket. People
who weaves baskets are called basket
makers.

34. WEAVING WEAVING
This is a fabric production in which two
distinct sets of yarns or threads are
interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or
cloth. Weft or woof is an english word which
means “that which is woven”.

35. TATTING TATTING
This is a technique for handcrafting a
durable lace through costructing a series of
knots and loops. Tatting is commonly used as
lace edging, as doilies, collars, and other
decorative pieces.

36. MACRAMEMACRAME
This is a form of textile-making
using knotting instead of weaving or
knitting. Square knots are the primary
knots formed; and forms of hitching
like full hitch and doublehalf hitches
are made.

37. CROCHETCROCHET
The process of creating fabric from
yarn, thread, or other material strands
using a crochet hook is called.
“Crochet” is derived from a French
word which means hook.

38. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF HANDICRAFTBASIC PRINCIPLE OF HANDICRAFT
People will appreaciate the value of handicraft if they are
guided with some statements of truths. They are also regarded as
basic principles in handicraft that will guide everyone in the
practice of this kind of art.

39. THE BASIC PRINCIPLES (ARRIBAS, 2009)THE BASIC PRINCIPLES (ARRIBAS, 2009)
Handicraft always serves a purpose or a need. Creation of handicraft
is understood to have evolved from a felt need, thus knowing the
function of the object is important.
1.
Knowledge of handicraft always requires the understanding of its
essentials or basic elements which are materials, techniques, and
designs (product).
2.
Economy of materials and techniques must be practiced. The quality
of the product is affected if this principle is violated.
3.
Handicraft activity requires attention in mind. A conducive workplace
free from distraction is necessary for a craftsman when working on a
project.
4.

40. 5. Handicraft should be learned from simple to complex.
6. Good craftsmanship is influenced by the materials, techniques, tools,
equipment, the working environment, and the skill of the craftsman.
7. “Form follows function”, the art principle which is the key to good
design. This simply means that the form or shape of a jar, including other
features like a cover or a handle, must be related to the function of the jar
itself.
8. There is always the best technique for accomplising a design. It is
necessary to plan and search for the best technique before doing a
project.

41. THANK YOU
VERY MUCH!