Harrison Bergeron Savvas Presentation Edited

Harrison Bergeron Savvas Presentation Edited

1. Preview The words listed in the chart appear in the story. Read their definitions and then write a sentence using each word. Concept Vocabulary PREPARE TO READ Student Edition page 12 WORD MY SENTENCES equality ( ee KWAHL ih tee) n. state of having the same quantity, value, rank, or ability timeless (TYM lihs ) adj. without beginning or end; unaffected by time calibrated (KA luh brayt uhd ) v. marked so as to show units of measurement About the Author Kurt Vonnegut (1922–2007) is known as one of the great writers of the twentieth century. His experience as a prisoner of war during World War II was the basis for his literary masterpiece, Slaughterhouse Five. In addition to exploring such themes as the disintegration of families and the trauma of war, Vonnegut was an outspoken supporter of preserving freedoms guaranteed by the United States Constitution, controlling nuclear weapons, and ensuring sustainability on Earth. Harrison Bergeron

2. PREPARE TO READ Concept Vocabulary Continued Student Edition page 12 WORD MY SENTENCES symmetry (SIH muh tree) n. well-balanced arrangement of parts synchronizing (SIHNG kruh ny zihng ) v. adjusting so as to move at the same rate and in the same way weightlessness (WAYT lihs nihs ) n. state of being weightless, or not acted upon by gravity Harrison Bergeron

3. Reading Strategy: Create Mental Images When you create mental images as you read, you use visual clues in a text to imagine how characters look, behave, and interact. In your mind’s eye, you “see” the action, which can help to deepen your understanding. Look for the following types of details to create mental images: nouns that refer to objects (such as tears or hammers ) that are important in a scene adjectives related to color, distance, motion, light, and shape verbs and adverbs that tell how characters move or react PRACTICE As you read, mark details that help you create mental images and deepen your understanding of the story. PREPARE TO READ Student Edition page 12 Harrison Bergeron

4. First Thoughts Choose one of the following questions, and write a response. What do you think of this story? Which elements seem important or worth exploring? If you lived in the society described in the story, which handicapping device do you think would be the hardest to bear? Why? BUILD INSIGHT Student Edition page 19 Harrison Bergeron

5. Write a brief summary of the story to make sure you understand it. Remember to include only the story’s main events in your summary. Summary BUILD INSIGHT Student Edition page 19 Harrison Bergeron

6. Analysis (a) Summarize What is the state of American society in this story? (b) Make Inferences What circumstances, not explained in the story itself, might have led to the country’s decisions to enact equality laws? Explain. (a) Speculate If Harrison were to become “Emperor,” how do you think he would rule? Explain, citing story details to support your answer. (b) Take a Position Do you think Harrison is a hero? Explain. BUILD INSIGHT KEY CONCEPT An inference is a logical guess a reader makes about aspects of a text that the author does not explicitly or directly explain. To make inferences, identify telling details in a text and then apply your own knowledge of people and life to arrive at an understanding of what those details suggest. Student Edition page 19 Harrison Bergeron

7. Analysis Continued (a) Compare and Contrast In what ways are Harrison’s and George’s handicaps similar and different? Explain. (b) Make Inferences In what ways are Harrison’s and George’s attitudes toward their handicaps different? Explain, citing specific textual details that support your answer. (a) Evaluate In your opinion, what, if anything, is wrong with the definition of equality adopted by the society in “Harrison Bergeron”? (b) Define How would you define equality? Explain. BUILD INSIGHT Student Edition page 19 Harrison Bergeron

8. EXPLORE THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION What is the relationship between power and freedom? (a) What have you learned about freedom from reading this story? (b) The society in this story seems to value its idea of equality more than individual freedoms. In what ways does our society limit individual freedom in order to protect other values? Record your ideas in your Evidence Log. BUILD INSIGHT Student Edition page 19 Harrison Bergeron

9. ANALYZE AND INTERPRET Student Edition page 20 Harrison Bergeron Close Read The Reading sections of college admissions tests require you to apply close-reading skills to answer questions about the details and deeper meanings of texts. Practice with these questions, which are based on paragraphs 1–4 of “Harrison Bergeron.”

10. ANALYZE AND INTERPRET TIP To answer a question about a vocabulary word, read the sentence in which the word appears. Then, try replacing it with each of the answer options to see which one best fits the sentence’s meaning. Student Edition page 20 Harrison Bergeron Close Read Continued PRACTICE Select an answer for each item. ​ In paragraph 1, the word “vigilance” means A) alertness. B) indifference. C) discussion. D) pretense.

11. Close Read Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET ​ Read paragraphs 2 and 4. Which answer choice best describes why there are tears on Hazel’s cheeks? A) Hazel is tearful because she dislikes the month of April. B) Hazel is tearful because the H-G men took her son away. C) Hazel is tearful because she was watching a sad TV show. D) Hazel is tearful because George had been unkind to her. Student Edition page 20 Harrison Bergeron

12. Inquiry and Research ANALYZE AND INTERPRET Using Advanced Searches Research Kurt Vonnegut’s theory about the “shapes of stories,” including how this idea was received, both when he first presented it and later in his career. Then, write an explanation of your findings. Use advanced searches to locate two reliable sources, one print and one digital. Some internet browsers and many academic databases offer specialized search engines that allow you to track down specific material. When employing these tools, use precise terms (for example, “ancient Greek ships” rather than “old boats”). You may also use Boolean operators—AND, OR, NOT—to get better search results: Student Edition page 20 Harrison Bergeron

13. Inquiry and Research Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET The AND operator locates texts that include all of your search terms. Example: chocolate AND health The OR operator locates texts that include one of your search terms. Example: narwhal OR swordfish The NOT operator omits texts that contain terms you do not want. Example: energy NOT solar PRACTICE Research your topic using advanced searches, including Boolean operators. Then, organize your findings and write your explanation. Student Edition page 20 Harrison Bergeron

14. Satire and Theme ANALYZE AND INTERPRET A satire is a work that uses humor to expose the flaws in institutions, social rules, ideas, individuals, or human nature in general. By exposing these flaws, the satirist seeks to correct them. For this reason, even though a satire may be funny, the theme or message it conveys is serious. Satires vary in tone , or the attitude the writer or narrator expresses. Some satires are harsh and biting; whereas, others are sympathetic or amused. The author’s choices of topic, diction, and syntax help to develop both the work’s theme and its tone. Student Edition page 21 Harrison Bergeron

15. Satire and Theme Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET Diction: word choice; the words and phrases a writer uses Diction may be simple, conversational, sophisticated, technical, or other combinations. Often, a writer mixes diction of different types. Syntax: organization of words into phrases and sentences A writer may use short, simple sentences; complex, multi-part sentences; or a combination. A writer may even use sentence fragments for effect. Student Edition page 21 Harrison Bergeron

16. Satire and Theme Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET Student Edition page 21 CASUAL, EVERYDAY DICTION SOPHISTICATED DICTION Harrison Bergeron PRACTICE Complete the activity, and answer the questions. ​ (a) Analyze Use the chart to identify examples of different kinds of diction in this story.

17. Satire and Theme Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET ​ (a) Contrast In what ways does the diction used to describe George’s thoughts—before they are interrupted by noises—differ from his spoken words? (b) Interpret What point does this use of contrasting diction help make? (a) Distinguish Identify one example of each of the following types of syntax in the story: sentences in sequence that start with the same word; sentences that begin with a conjunction ( and, but, or so ); single-sentence paragraphs. (b) Analyze How does the syntax contribute to the narrator’s tone? Explain. Student Edition page 21 Harrison Bergeron

18. Satire and Theme Continued ANALYZE AND INTERPRET (a) Distinguish What social ill or attitude is the target of the satire in this story? (b) Interpret What message or theme does the story express? Explain. (a) Analyze How does the tone of the story contrast with the events it describes? (b) Evaluate Do you think the tone is essential to the development of the story’s theme? Explain. Student Edition page 21 Harrison Bergeron

19. Concept Vocabulary STUDY LANGUAGE AND CRAFT Why These Words? The vocabulary words relate to measurements of different types. For example, Harrison and the ballerina prepare to dance by synchronizing their heartbeats, bringing them into the same measured rhythm. Student Edition page 22 Harrison Bergeron equality synchronizing calibrated timeless symmetry weightlessness

20. Concept Vocabulary Continued PRACTICE  Using the italicized vocabulary words correctly, write responses to each question. ​ Why might it be difficult to use a microscope that is not calibrated properly? ​ Do you prefer pictures that show symmetry or those that don’t? ​ In a dance performance, why would synchronizing the choreography and the music be important? ​ What do you think makes a story timeless ? ​ Do you think you would enjoy the experience of weightlessness in space? ​ Why is equality an important value for many people? STUDY LANGUAGE AND CRAFT Student Edition page 22 Harrison Bergeron

21. Word Study Sounds and Letters: The /k/ Sound In English, there are many different ways to spell the hard k sound. Two are with a c (as in the vocabulary word calibrated ) and ch (as in the vocabulary word synchronizing ). C is the most common English spelling for the /k/ sound. It is used before the vowels a, o, or u; k is used before the vowels a, e, and i . C often appears before a consonant, as in the words clan and elect, and at the end of a multisyllabic word, such as multisyllabic. The use of ch to spell the /k/ sound is less common in English, appearing mainly in words of Greek origin, such as chorus. STUDY LANGUAGE AND CRAFT Student Edition page 22 Harrison Bergeron

22. Word Study Continued PRACTICE Fix the incorrect spellings in each sentence. Use a dictionary to check your work. ​ Harrison was heavily enkumbered because he was so remarcable . ​ The rules had been kodified in law. ​ A talented auto mecanik was probably hard to find. STUDY LANGUAGE AND CRAFT Student Edition page 22 Harrison Bergeron

23. Speaking and Listening A mock trial is an imitation of a trial in which participants role-play the defendant, lawyers, prosecutors, witnesses, judge, and jury. ASSIGNMENT Imagine that the Bergerons have sued Diana Moon Glampers for the wrongful death of Harrison. With the class, conduct a mock trial of the case. A mock trial follows the same order as a real trial: The plaintiff’s side presents its case—an opening statement, witness testimony, and cross-examination. The defense presents its case—an opening statement, witness testimony, and cross-examination. The trial ends with closing arguments by both sides. SHARE IDEAS Student Edition page 23 Harrison Bergeron

24. Speaking and Listening Continued Choose Roles As a class, choose the roles you will play. If you have more people, expand the list. If you have fewer people, reduce it. Plaintiffs’ Team: the Bergerons ; lawyers; if you choose, also include the ballerina’s family as plaintiffs. Defendants’ Team: Diana Moon Glampers; other officials; lawyers Jury: group that will consider the evidence and deliver a verdict Judge: one or more people to run the trial Witnesses: eyewitnesses (for example, ballerinas, musicians, camera crew, other workers, TV audience); expert witnesses (social scientists, psychologists, etc.) SHARE IDEAS Student Edition page 23 Harrison Bergeron

25. Speaking and Listening Continued Prepare for the Trial Develop a backstory for your character that will guide your choices, including the details you share, the words you choose, and your overall behavior. Give your character a name, age, and personality traits. Then, write a statement expressing your character’s views on the events that led to the deaths of Harrison and the ballerina. SHARE IDEAS Student Edition page 23 Harrison Bergeron

26. ROLE AUDIENCE PURPOSE STYLE Lawyer judge and jury persuade the audience; build a strong case; appeal to listeners’ reasoning and emotions confident; formal; trustworthy use legal terms use emotional appeals Witness judge, jury, and lawyers inform the audience; tell the truth authentically reflect your backstory Speaking and Listening Continued SHARE IDEAS Student Edition page 23 Harrison Bergeron Adapt Your Speech As you participate in the trial, use language that reflects your character and role. Consider the examples shown in the chart.