Hazardous Chemical handling

This presentation is prepared for ensuring safe handling of chemicals at Meghnaghat Power Limited.

1. Hazardous Chemical Handling
Prepared by:
Md. Abdul Hannan
Plant Chemist, MPL.

2. Hazardous Chemical
Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)
term that denotes any chemical that would be
a risk to employees if exposed in the work
place
A hazardous material is anything that is:
flammable, corrosive, reactive, an oxidizer,
toxic/carcinogenic/etc., or breaks down to
give species with any of the above categories.
Examples: acetone (flammability); 1N HCl
(corrosive); sodium cyanide (toxicity);
chloroform (cancer suspect agent).

3. Categories of
Hazardous Chemicals
Corrosive
Flammable
Toxic
Reactive
Biological (infectious)
Carcinogen (cancer-causing)
Radioactive

4. Physical States of
Hazardous Materials
Liquid
Solid
Gas
Vapor

5. How to Handle
Chemicals Properly
Use cautions
Always follow procedures
Read all labels
Keep yourself and the work area clean
Plan ahead

6. Routes of Exposure
Inhalation
Ingestion
Absorption
Injection

7. Symptoms of
Possible Overexposure
Eye discomfort
Breathing difficulty
Dizziness
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
Skin irritation

8. Incompatible Chemicals
Flammables and oxidizers
Flammables and any ignition source
Acids and cyanides
Strong acids and strong alkalines
Concentrated acids and water
Organic solvents and corrosives
Corrosives and other reactive materials

9. Agencies That Regulate
Hazardous Chemical Storage
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Department of Transportation (DOT)

10. Chemical spills: what should you
do?
•For any spill, alert others and close off the
area;
•Use chairs/stools to close off part of a
corridor.
•If necessary, you can use the fire alarm to
clear the building.

11. Handling Flammable Chemicals
Keep containers closed when not in use
Keep away from ignition sources
Avoid contact with incompatible materials
Only transfer to approved containers
Bond all receiving containers
Clean up spills and dispose of waste properly

12. Proper Storage of
Flammable Chemicals
Ensure that storage areas meet regulatory
requirements
Replace all bung caps with drum vents after
receiving containers
Ground all drums properly
Store quantities in approved storage rooms
and cabinets
Store only in small quantities

13. General Safety Tips
Never eat, drink, or smoke while using
hazardous chemicals
Use personal protective equipment as required
Make sure all chemical containers are
properly labeled
Always wash up after using chemicals

14. General Safety Tips (cont.)
Never smell or taste a chemical to identify it
Know all emergency procedures and equipment
Always read labels’ MSDSs prior to use
Store all hazardous chemicals properly
Always use hazardous chemicals as intended

15. Primary Container Labels
Identity of the hazardous chemical
Appropriate hazard warnings
Name and address of the manufacturer
or importer
Target organ effects

16. Secondary Container Labels
Identity of the
hazardous chemical
Hazard warning
information

17. Handling Chemical Emergencies
Know emergency phone numbers
Know how to control the spill
Know proper equipment shutdown
procedure
Know proper evacuation routes
and assembly areas

18. What Emergency
Personnel Should Know
Emergency cleanup and disposal measures
Required protective equipment
Use of cleanup equipment
Firefighting and other emergency measures
(i.e., first aid)
Use of other emergency equipment

19. First Aid for
Chemicals in the Eyes
Don’t rub the eyes
Hold eyelids open and flush with water for
15 minutes
Be careful not to contaminate the other eye
Seek additional medical attention

20. First Aid for
Chemicals on the Skin
Flush area with lukewarm water for
15 minutes
Remove clothing and jewelry from
burn area
Seek additional medical attention

21. First Aid for
Chemical Inhalation
Move victim
to fresh air
Get immediate
help

22. First Aid for
Chemical Ingestion
Induce vomiting only if told to do so by
Poison Control
Get immediate medical attention

23. Flammable & Combustible
.
Flash
Point
200°F
140°F
100°F
73°F
Boiling Point
100°F
IA IB
IC
II
IIIA
Combustible
Flash Point
> 100°F
Flammable
Flash Point
< 100°F

24. Flash point of Fuels:
Fuel FlashPoint (
o
F)
Acetaldehyde 36
Acetone 0
Benzene 12
Biodiesel 266
Carbon Disulfide -22
Diesel Fuel (1-D) 100
Diesel Fuel (2-D) 126
Diesel Fuel (4-D) 130
Ethyl Alcohol, Ethanol 63
Fuels Oil No.1 100 – 162
Fuels Oil No.2 126 – 20
4Fuels Oil No.4 142 – 240
Fuels Oil No.5 Lite 156 – 336
Fuels Oil No.5 Heavy 160 – 250
Fuels Oil No.6 150
Gasoline(Petrol) -45
Gear oil 375 – 580
Iso-Butane -117
Iso-Pentaneless than -60
Iso-Octane 10
Jet fuel (A/A-1) 100 – 150
Kerosene 100 – 162
Methyl Alcoho l52
Motor oil 420 – 485
n-Butane -76
n-Pentaneless than -40
n-Hexane -7
n-Heptane 25
n-Octane 56
Naphthalene 174
NeoHexane -54
Propane -156
Styrene 90
Toluene 40
Xylene 63

25. Flammable Liquid:Class IA,IB,IC
Examples:
IA:acetaldehyde, butyne, chloropropylene,
dimethyl sulfide, ethyl chloride, ethyl ether.
IB:acetone, benzene, carbon disulfide, ethyl
alcohol, ethyl acetate,gasoline, hexane,
isopropanol, methanol, toluene.
IC:amyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, isobutyl
alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone,
styrene,turpentine, xylene.

26. Combustible Liquid:
Class II,IIIA,IIIB
Examples:
II: fuel oils, kerosene, and hexyl alcohol.
IIIA: aniline, benzaldehyde, butyl cellosolve,
nitrobenzene and pine oil.
IIIB: animal oils; ethylene glycol; glycerine;
lubricating, quenching, and transformer oils;
triethanolamine; benzyl alcohol; hydraulic
fluids and vegetable oils.

27. Hazard

28. Labels – NFPA DiamondLabels – NFPA Diamond
RED - Flammability
BLUE - Health
YELLOW - Reactivity
WHITE - Special
RED - Flammability
BLUE - Health
YELLOW - Reactivity
WHITE - Special
{NFPA – National Fire Protection Association}

29. Labels - Health Hazard
What the numbers show
0 = No hazard
1 = Slight hazard
2 = Dangerous
3 = Extreme danger
4 = Deadly

30. Labels - Reactivity
 What the numbers show
0 = Stable
1 = Normally Stable
2 = Unstable
3 = Explosive
4 = May detonate

31. Labels - Special Hazard
● What the letters showWhat the letters show
•OXOX= Oxidizer= Oxidizer
•ACIDACID= Acid= Acid
•ALKALK= Alkali= Alkali
•CORCOR= Corrosive= Corrosive
• WW= Use No Water= Use No Water
• = Radioactive= Radioactive

32. Labels - HMIS{ Hazard Material
Information System}
Protective Equipment
A = safety glasses
B = safety glasses + gloves
C = safety glasses + gloves + synthetic apron
D-Z = etc.......
BlueBlue
RedRed
YelloYello
ww
WhitWhit
ee

33. Routes of Exposure
Inhalation - most common
Skin absorption
Ingestion
Injection

34. Health Hazards
Major Types
–Corrosives - cause tissue damage and burns on
contact with skin or eyes
–Primary Irritants - cause intense redness or
swelling of skin or eyes on contact. No permanent
tissue damage
–Sensitizers - cause an allergic skin or lung reaction
–Acutely Toxic Materials - cause an adverse effect
even at very low doses
–Carcinogens - may cause cancer
–Teratogens - may cause birth defects
–Organ Specific hazards - damage to specific organ
systems such as liver or lungs

35. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
are one of the most important tools
available to employers
for providing information, and
protection
to workers from hazardous chemicals
which are used in the workplace.

36. MSDS information
Identity of the chemical
Physical and chemical characteristics
Physical hazards
Chemical hazards
Control measures
Emergency procedures
precautions for safe handling and use
Date of preparation
Name, address and telephone of the
manufacturer

37. Health Hazard Controls
Product substitution
Ventilation
PPE

38. OSHA’s Checklist
Are employees trained in the safe handling practices of
hazardous chemicals such as acids, caustics, ammonia
etc?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Is employee exposure to chemicals kept within
acceptable levels?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are eye wash fountains and safety showers provided in
areas where corrosive chemicals are handled?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are all containers, such as vats, and storage tanks
labeled as to their contents and with appropriate hazard
warnings?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are flammable or toxic chemicals kept in closed
containers when not in use?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are chemical piping systems clearly marked as to their
content?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Have standard operating procedures been established,
and are they being followed when cleaning up chemical
spills?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are employees prohibited from eating in areas where
hazardous chemicals are present?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
If hazardous substances are used in the processes, is there a
medical or biological monitoring system in operation?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are the employer and employees aware of the Threshold
Limit Values or Permissible Exposure Limits of airborne
contaminants and physical agents used in your
workplace?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Have control procedures been instituted for hazardous
materials, where appropriate, such as respirators,
ventilation systems, and handling practices?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Whenever possible, are hazardous substances handled in
properly designed and exhausted booths or similar
locations?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Do you use general dilution or local exhaust ventilation
systems to control dusts (feathers and feces), vapors,
gases, fumes, smoke, solvents or mists which may be
generated in your workplace?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Do employees complain about dizziness, headaches,
nausea, irritation, or other factors of discomfort when
they are exposed to dusts (feathers and feces), vapors,
gases, fumes, smoke, solvents or mists?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Is there a dermatitis problem?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Do employees complain about dryness, irritation, or
sensitization of the skin?
[ ]Always
[ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A Comments:
Has employer utilized an industrial hygienist or
environmental health specialist to evaluate the
operation?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
If internal combustion engines are used, is carbon
monoxide kept within acceptable levels?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Is vacuuming used, rather than blowing or sweeping
dusts whenever possible for clean-up?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are materials which give off toxic, asphyxiant, or
anesthetic vapors or fumes, stored in remote or isolated
locations when not in use, e.g. bulk ammonia storage?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:

39. Summary
Manufacturers must assess hazards of
chemicals.
Distributors must transmit hazard information
to employers.
Employers must provide information to
workers.