hazards in coal1.pptx about its hazards in coal mining about its effect and impact of that process involved

Hazards of coal

1. COAL MINING HAZARDS Presented to Dr .S.VENGATRAMANAN, TEACHING ASSISTANT, Department of geology, Alagappa university, Karaikudi P resented by A.Athavanseral , I MSC Applied Geology, Alagappa university, Karaikudi .

2. ACCIDENTS IN COAL MINES Coal is an important fossil fuel for generation of electricity and for other industrial purpose .

3. POLLUTION EFFECTS Air pollution - emission of particulate matter and gases including methane (CH4), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) Water pollution - mine sump water and storm water drainage Land degradation – Surface land mines (forests) Noise pollution - machines, drilling and coal handling Solid waste – overburden Deforestation -

4. There are 2 broad categories of mines in India: Open Cast and Underground. The accident records classify the location of accident as 1.underground, 2.open cast and 3.surface . While the first 2 categories represent accidents occurring inside the 2 types of mines, respectively, the third category represents mining-related accidents occurring above the surface in the vicinity of either type of mine.

5. Important causes of accidents Roof/side fall - accidental fall of roof or side at the time of excavation - PRIMARY Winding - accident in the course of raising or lowering coal or man in shaft Haulage - accident in the course of raising or lowering coal by tubs - NEXT Dumper - accidents associated with dumper – wheeled vehicles for carrying coal with tipper mechanism Conveyer - accident in the use of belt or chainconveyers Other transport machinery - accident associated with trucks and wagons Other machinery accident - associated with non-transport machinery like loading machinery, crusher etc.

6. Cont… Explosives - accident in the course of using explosives Electricity - accidents resulting out of the use of electricity Dust/gas - accidents due to explosions of noxious gases, due to absence of oxygen, due to explosion of coal dust etc. Fall of object/person - accidents occurring due to sudden fall of an object or a person Inundation - accidents due to sudden rushing in of water Miscellaneous - other causes of accidents

7. Recommendations for Mine Disaster Prevention and Control Research Mine disaster prevention research within the Mining Program has been of the highest relevance and has had the highest positive impacts on the worker. The Mine Disaster Prevention and Control Research needs to place more focus on areas such as communications, miner self-rescue, and emergency response. A systems approach to mine management and rescue is needed that will continuously provide marker data and response via intelligent system analysis. The Mining Program needs to continue its efforts in disaster prevention and further strengthen its efforts in the area of disaster response. The Mining Program should be more involved in monitoring the work of, and partnering with, international bodies to determine the domestic applications of work done abroad.

8. Safety monitoring in Coal India Limited Workmen’s inspectors: Safety status of each and every mine is monitored by representatives of the workmen, one each from Mining, Electrical and Mechanical disciplines through inspections, the reports of which and status of compliance of recommendations are forwarded to the local DGMS office. Safety committee at mine level: The Safety Committee at mine level also monitors the safety status at each mine every month through inspection followed by a meeting for review of safety status of the mine. This committee consists of representatives of workmen and Management

9. Cont… Area level bipartite/tripartite safety committees : The Area Level Committee comprising representatives of workmen and management monitors the safety performance of the Area biannually. Often representative of DGMS also Participates Subsidiary level tripartite safety committee: Tripartite safety committee functions at subsidiary company level and consists of representatives of workmen, DGMS and management for review and monitoring of safety measures. This body meets bi-annually.

10. Cont… Coal India Safety Board: This is headed by the Chairman, CIL with workers representatives, Director (T), CIL, Director (P), CIL, CMDs of subsidiary companies, the DGMS, a representative of the Ministry of Coal as members and Executive Director (Safety & Rescue) CIL as Member Secretary. The Board reviews the safety status of CIL bi- annually, formulates policies and gives guidelines for improving safety standards. Standing Committee on Safety in Coal Mines: The safety situation of the coal mines is also reviewed by the Standing Committee on safety in Coal Mines Chaired by the Minister for Coal.