health care concerns.pptx by hemant kumari

health care concern

1. Health care delivery concerns, national health and family welfare programmes and multi-sectorial approach, Role of NGOS

2. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY CONCERNS INTRODUCTION Health and health care concern throughout the world and each jurisdiction(community , state, national)has developed a system for addressing these concerns. A health care system is all of the societal services and activities designed to protect and restore the health of individual, family, group, communities and these should cover full range of preventive, curative, rehabilitative services.

3. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY CONCERNS India health ministry, national and state level has its own health ministry. The constitution of India clearly recognises the responsibility for the health and state that “the state shall regard the raising the level of nutrition and standard of living of the people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties.

4. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY  SYSTEM DEFINITION This is an organization of people , institutions and resources to deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target population.

5. HEALTH CONCERNED AREAS Nutritional  problems Environmental sanitation problems Medical care problems Community diseases problems Population problems Problem of inequality Socio economic issues

6. COMMUNITY DISEASE PROBLEMS Physical activity and nutrition Overweight and obesity Tobacco Substance abuse HIV/AIDS Injury and violence Environmental quality Mental health

7. NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS The specific nutritional problems in the country are :- PEM ( protein energy malnutrition ) Vitamin A deficiency Iron deficiency anaemia Iodine deficiency disorder

8. ENVIORNMENTAL SANITATION Open defecation  is a huge problems in rural areas though it has reduced but the practice not completely vanished . In 2012, minister of development stated India has the worlds largest “open air toilet”. This is of greater concern as of deaths from diarrhea occur because of unsafe water, inadequate sanitation & poor hygiene . Basic sanitation Onsite  sanitation Food sanitation

9. MEDICAL CARE PROBLEMS The main medical problems are :- Over crowded hospitals . Lack of manpower. Inadequate availability and accessibility Neglect  of rural population Emphasis on culture method Social inequality Shortage of medical personnel's Expensive health services

10. POPULATION PROBLEMS Both domestic and global population growth is adding to conflict over water , energy, food, open space, and wilderness, transportation infrastructure, schools rooms, and numerous other problems . In developing   countries , large family size is a major cause of poverty and poor health. Food  and water shortages Global warming Environmental pollution Habitat loss Depletion of natural resources

11. PROBLEMS OF INEQUALITY Urban  rich Ratio of hospital Ratio of doctors

12. SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS I . Lack of education II . Cultural and religious discrimination III . Overpopulation

13. Strategies set by the Govt . of India to overcome the health care delivery concern Operationalization of 24*7 facility at PHC levels First referral units (FRU) Mobile medical units(MMU) Patients transport services(PTS) Special new born care unit Life saving anaesthetic skills Village health and sanitation committee ASHA

14. Strategies set by the Govt. of India to overcome the health care delivery concern Facilities based on IMNCI Emergency obstetric   care Institutional delivery Janani suraksha yojana District mental health program

15. NATIONAL HEALTH AND  FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME Since India become free, several measures have been taken by the national government to improve the health of the peoples. Prominent among these measures are the “ National health programs”. Which have been launched by the central governments for the control of communicable disease, improvements of environment sanitation, control of population A nation wide family planning programme was launched in 1952 by the union ministry of health and family welfare its components are education, services and training

16. OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL HEALTH AND  FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME To reduce period of sickness To prevents death due to communicable and non-communicable disease . Reduction in population growth To assess the need for reproductive and child health at PHC level To reduce infant and maternal morbidity and mortality To improve the facilities for the prevention and treatment of major disease Universal access to public health services such as women health , child health , drinking water, sanitation, hygiene, nutrition, universal immunization To maintain agriculture and industrial progress

17. NEW FOCUS Antenatel care, Natel / Intranatal   care & Postnatel care Antenatel care - Registration of antenatel cases. Providing antenatal care by four visits. Detection of anaemic pregnant mothers Natel care - Delivery  must be at PHC, hospital , sub centres Detection of high risk labour cases Identification of dais and training Post natel  care - Monitoring new born growth Neonatel resuscitation where facilities are available

18. PROGRAMMES BY NATIONAL  HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE National antimalarial program National filaria control program National leprosy eradication program National tuberculosis control program National AIDS control program National blindness control program Universal immunization program National cancer control program Rural sanitation program Urban sanitation program

19. PROGRAMMES BY NATIONAL  HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE Minimum need   programs 20- point program National mental health program Child survival and safe motherhood program Guniea worm eradication program STD control program Dengue fever control program Diarrhoeal disease control program Kala- azar program Diabetes control program RCH , National population policy,etc .

20. INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION Inter- sectoral coordination for achieving health goals has been accepted as one of the guiding principles of the health strategy that was adopted at the international conference on primary health care. INTER : Inter means with in or it self. SECTOR : Sector refers to the different – different areas or they may be different organizations. COORDINATION : Coordination is an administrative process which seeks to bring about unity of purpose in order to achieve common objectives.

21. INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION INTER SECTORAL COORDINATION: Inter- sectoral coordination refers to the promotion and co- ordination of the activities of different sectors of health care system to enhance and to provide a qualitative services to community. There are many governmental departments and agencies working for people whose activities are closely linked with health, as health itself is a multi- sectoral subject that needs- Clean water, Sanitation, Pollution free environment, Economic conditions, Food production etc. Earlier health care system focused more on ’curative’ rather than ‘preventive’ aspects.

22. INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION In India, it is represented by 5 major sectors which differ from each other. These are:- Public sectors Private sectors Indigenous system of medicine Voluntary agencies National health programs

23. INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION NEED OF INTER SECTORAL COORDINATION IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM:- • To improve the vertical nature of program • To deliver primary health care at various levels • To ensure unity of purpose and direction • To promote team work For promotion of intersectoral linkage which is required for the effective implantation of health services throughout the country. THIS INCLUDES:- THIRST T = TIME SAVING H =HELPS IN BUILDING RAPPORT WITH OTHERS I =INCREASES EFFICIENCY R =REDUCES WORKLOAD S =SHARING OF IDEAS T =TRUSTWORTHY

24. PRE-REQUISITES FOR EFFECTIVE INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION Leadership style and willingness Health policies and priorities Sharing of a common vision Defining roles and responsibilities of agencies Participatory decision making • Developing informal contact • Learning more about quality services • Spelling out strategies and procedures • Conducting joint monitoring • Problems solving with coordination

25. AREAS OF INTERSECTORAL  COORDINATION Intersectoral coordination  is the coordination of health activities with other sectors ; such sectors includes EDUCATION FINANCE AGRICULTURE INFORMATION NUTRITION SOCIAL WELFARE OF WOMEN AND CHILD AREAS ETC .

26. ADVANTAGES OF NTERSECTORAL   COORDINATION Overall human development Ensure economic development Ensure efficient use of resources Make services early & easy access Attaining goal health for all More achievement at lower cost. Sense of responsibility. Increase efficiency. Reduces workload. Enhances communication

27. NON GOVERONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS DEFINITION NGOs is defined by world banks, private organizations that pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, provide the basic social services or undertaken community development. OR Organization which are independent of govt. involvement are known as non govt. organizations these are the sub group of the agencies founded by citizens to provide services to community . A NGOs are nonprofit, voluntary citizen group which is organized on a local, national or international level.

28. HISTORY OF NGOS IN INDIA In the past, people in this country have been found to have provided help to others in trouble. Since centuries there exists the tradition of voluntary service to the needy and helpless in the country. In the beginning, these services were rendered by people motivated by their religious feelings. Floods , fires, earthquakes, epidemic outbreaks and other kinds of calamities were the occasions which motivated people to voluntarily help those who were trapped in disastrous situations.

29. CHARACTERISTICS OF NGOS NGOs have following characteristics: Engaging in suffering relief activities Promoting interest of the poor Protecting the environment Providing basic social services Advocating community development

30. AREAS OF NGOS ACTIVITY Areas of NGOs activity and issues over which they are created, are included in the International Classification of Non Profit Organizations (ICNPO). This classification distinguishes 12 universal areas of NGOs activity : (a) culture and recreation, (b) Education and research, (c) health, (d) social services, (e ) Environment, (f) Development and Housing, (g) Law, Advocacy and Politics, (h) Philanthropic intermediaries and Voluntarism promotion ( i ) International, (j) Religion, (k) Business and professional associations and unions (l) activities other than those mentioned above.

31. TYPE OF NGOS ON THE BASED ON ORIENTATION Charitable – Focus on providing assistance to those in need like food, shelter, education….  Participatory – Work with communities to address issues and encourage participation in decision making. Service - Focus on providing specific services to their target communities, like health care, vocational training…. Empowering - Focus on empowering communities and individuals to improve their own lives.

32. TYPE OF NGOS ON THE BASED ON ORIENTATION Community based organizations – NGOs that work at community level Citywide – NGOs that operate at the city or urban level National - NGOs that operate across the country International - NGOs that operate globally

33. STRENGTHS OF NGOS Great variety of programs to meet many needs. Potentially very flexible with fast response times. Volunteers & non‐ profit status lower operational costs. Staff with high personal commitment to providing help. Less tainted by association with government. Lower corruption potential. Campaigns help educate the public to human needs.

34. POTENTIAL CRITIQUES Limited accountability and ability to evaluate effectiveness. High motivation not necessarily matched by expertise. May compete or not coordinate actions with similar NGO and country programs. Programs often narrowly focus on specific diseases or problems, with limited attention to infrastructure development.

35. NON GOVERONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ROLE OF NGOS They can present health care needs based on their contacts with communities Provide assistance to develop and strengthen local NGO activities Develop innovative programmes Conducting assessment and evaluations Ensure full participation by individuals and communities Extends efforts to develop health technologies Recognize role of women

36. NON GOVERONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ROLE OF NGOS Providing goods and services Safeguarding human rights Providing relief to victims Assisting poor Solving environment issues Develop infrastructure Technical assistance and training Assist national policies formation Provide valuable resources

37. LEADING NGOS IN INDIA Help Age India: This non-governmental organization aims at the helping of age d individuals who are bedridden and sick . Smile Foundation: This aims at providing better status for child education in India. They make sure that every kid gets a good education and also he gets all his opportunities. The whole concept of its that to abolish the child labour in the country. Goonj Limited: This organization aims at providing clothing for every poor kids throughout the country . CRY: This NGO strongly fights for the rights of the children. CRY is the acronym of the name Child Rights and You. The solo motive of this organization is to provide the underprivileged children with better education, food and health .

38. LEADING NGOS IN INDIA 5. Give India: This NGO does an interesting job of collecting financial funds from all over the world and distribution of that raised fund for those NGOs which work inside the India. 6 . Lepra Society: The main motto of the Lepra society is to fight against poverty, to provide better health and also indiscrimination. They mainly target disease such as Leprosy, malaria, lymphatic filariasis , tuberculosis, HIV AID and blindness and other diseases. 7 . Nanhi Kali: The main motto of this organization is to encourage girl education. This organization was founded by Anand Mahindra. They are supported by KC Mahindra trust and also by Nandi foundation. They have now reached a point where they are successfully educating more than 50000 girls in the country.

39. ROLES OF NGO IN HEALTH SERVICES NGO AS ADVOCATES One of the important role of NGOs because they are usually focused on improving the lives of the communities and peoples in which they work. NGO AS TRAINER Many NGOs are involved in training programs for medical and para medical health workers. NGOs sometimes invited by governments to assist in training programs. NGO AS PARTNER Mentor   for ASHA in NRHM He m ember of task group He alth resources organization Social auditor

40. ROLES OF NGO IN HEALTH SERVICES NGO as Innovator NGOs are experimenting with new ways of promoting people centred health services. OPERATIONAL ROLES NGO have   the responsibility of fund raising. The implementation of services is depend upon the NGO budget. NGOS help to reinforce various norms promoted through public education campaign. NGOS have played a key in global progress. EDUCATION ROLES Provide education material as specific groups Peer education Improve access to experimental drug trial Improve access to health care

41. Roles of NGOS   in health care - Implemtation System developments Capacity building 30.  Area of NGOS  role operational education advocacy  

42. From the Nutritional points of , the Indian society is a dual society, consisting of small group of well fed and a very large group of undernourished.