Health educaton plan on diabetic mellitus

health teaching for daabetes patient

1. HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

SUBJECT: - Medical surgical nursing
TOPIC: - Diabetes mellitus
GROUP: - Relatives of patient and group of people
PLACE: - SMS hospital, Jaipur
DATE AND TIME: - 16/03/2018
DURATION: - 25 min
TEACHING METHOD : - Lecturer cum discussion
A.V. AIDS: - Chart and flip chart
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF PEOPLE : - people have some knowledge regarding diabetes mellitus.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE : - At the end of health teaching group will be able to gain the knowledge regarding diabetes
mellitus and develop necessary attitude regarding diabetes mellitus.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:-
1. Define the diabetes mellitus.
2. Enlist the cause and risk factors of DM
3. Enlist the types of DM
4. Describe the sign and symptoms of DM
5. Explain the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
6. Describe the prevention of DM
7. Describe complication during diabetes mellitus.

2. S.NO. TIME S.OBJECTIVE CONTENT TEACHING
LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
A.V.
AIDS
EVALUATION
1. 2 min. Define the
Diabetes
mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly
referred to as diabetes, is a group of
metabolic disorders in which there are
high blood sugar levels over a prolonged
period. Symptoms of high blood sugar
include frequent urination, increased
thirst, and increased hunger. If left
untreated, diabetes can cause many
complications. Acute complications can
include diabetic ketoacidosis,
hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state, or
death. Serious long-term complications
include cardiovascular disease, stroke,
chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and
damage to the eyes.
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
What is the
diabetes
mellitus?
2. 2 min Enlist the cause
and risk factors
of DM
Genetic defects of β-cell function:-
-Maturity onset diabetes of the young
-Mitochondrial DNA mutations
Genetic defects in insulin processing or
insulin action:-
-Defects in proinsulin conversion
-Insulin gene mutations
-Insulin receptor mutations
Exocrine pancreatic defects
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
What are the risk
factors which
may cause the
diabetes
mellitus?

3. -Chronic pancreatitis
-Pancreatectomy
-Pancreatic neoplasia
-Cystic fibrosis
-Hemochromatosis
-Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy
Endocrinopathies:-
-Growth hormone excess (acromegaly)
-Cushing syndrome
-Hyperthyroidism
-Pheochromocytoma
-Glucagonoma
Infections:-
-Cytomegalovirus infection
-Coxsackievirus B
Drugs:-
-Glucocorticoids
-Thyroid hormone
-β-adrenergic agonists
-Statins[51]
3. 5 min Enlist the types
of DM
Type 1:- It is characterized by loss of the
insulin-producing beta cells of the
pancreatic islets, leading to insulin
deficiency. This type can be further
classified as immune-mediated or
idiopathic.
Type 2:- It is characterized by insulin
resistance, which may be combined with
relatively reduced insulin secretion.The
defective responsiveness of body tissues
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
How many type
the diabetes
mellitus?

4. to insulin is believed to involve the
insulin receptor.
Gestational: - Gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM) resembles type 2 DM in
several respects, involving a combination
of relatively inadequate insulin secretion
and responsiveness. It occurs in about 2–
10% of all pregnancies and may improve
or disappear after delivery.
4. 2 min Describe the
sign and
symptoms of
DM
 Weight loss
 Polyuria
 Polydipsia
 Polyphagia
 Weakness
 Fatigue
 Blurred vision
 Numbness and tingling sensation
in hands and feet.
 Skin infection
 Delayed healing
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
What are the sign
and symptoms of
diabetes
mellitus?
5. 2 min Explain the
diagnosis of
DM
When glucose level is elevated
 Fasting more than 126 mg/dl
 Post prandial glucose level more
than 200 mg/dl.
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
How to diagnose
the DM?
6. 10
min
Describe
prevention of
diabetes
mellitus
We can prevent the DM by using of
preventive measures like as-
 Exercise:- physical activity or
exercise lowers blood glucose
level by increasing carbohydrate
Lecture cum
discussion
Chart What is
preventive
measures of
diabetes
mellitus?

5. metabolism, faster weight
reduction and maintenance,
increase insulin sensitivity, and
reduce stress.
Hypoglycaemia is a risk for patient
with exercise and taking insulin or
oral hypoglycaemic there is
adjustment is needed.
 Nutritional management:-
Limit of intake and protein of high
sugar foods to 2 or 3 times a week
or less (cakes,candy, table sugar,
ice cream)
Avoid the following- alcohol,
milkshakes, chocolates, canned
fruits.
Take – increase fiber intake (
plenty vegetables, whole fruits )
Do not skip food
Sample meal plan:-
Breakfast :- ½ banana
½ cup coocked oatmeal
1 slice whole wheat tost
1 cup milk
Coffee or tea
Artificial sweetners

Lunch :-
2 slice whole wheat bread
1 table spoon light mayonnaise

6. ½ cup sugar free pudding
1 apple

Dinner :-
1 cup whipped potato
½ cup broccoli
Tossed salad
1 teaspoon margarine
Coffee or tea

 proper monitoring:- proper
monitoring of blood glucose
prevent the complications
 pharmacological therapy :- oral
antidiabetic agents like as sulfonyl
urea, meglitinides, insulin therapy,
(dose of insulin 0.5 unit/kg/day)
(out of 2/3 in morning and 1/3 in
evening)
7. 2 min Describe
complication
during diabetes
mellitus.
 Infection
 Eye disease
 Renal disease
 Heart diseases
Lecture cum
discussion
Flip
chart
What are
complication
arise of diabetic
mellitus?


BIBLIOGRAPHY:-
1. Brunner and Suddarth’s, text book of medical surgical nursing, 10
th
edition, diabetic mellitus, page no.1151-1196.
2. Joyc m Black, medical surgical nursing, 8
th
edition diabetic mellitus, page no.-1062-1104.