Health Vs Disease | Jindal Chest Clinics

Presentation by Dr. S.K Jindal on the topic "Health Versus Disease.

2. Health Vs Disease
Life Style to Health
Disease
The Medical Concepts

3. Death
Health
Old age Disease
Life and Death

4. Cystic Fibrosis
Hypertension Pneumoconioses
Diabetes Asthma Emphysema Infections
Genetic ---------------------------------Environmental
Spectrum of Causes
Of
Disease & Death

5. Disease Classification
1.Onset Acute –Chronic Subacute
2.Progress Rapid -Slow Moderate
3.Type Genetic –Environmental Mixed
4.Cause Infectious –Non infectious Unknown
5.Tmt Response Complete –Nil Partial
6.Spread Communicable –Noncommu Inheritable
nicable
7.Prognosis Reversible –Irreversible Life long
&outcome& curable & fatal & disability

6. Factors Responsible for Disease occurrence
1.Genetic–Inheritance
2.Bodyconstitution
3.Ethnic,socialandracial
4.Environmentalexposures
5.Infections:Bacteria,viruses,fungi,parasites
6.Dietary
7.Life-style&habits

7. Causes of Death: Global Estimate in 1990
(Million)
Group Developing Developed Total
countriescountries
I. Infectious, Respir,16.6 0.7 17.2
maternal & Perinatal
diseases
II. NCDs: Cancers, 18.7 9.4 28.1
CVD, others
III. Injuries 4.3 0.8 5.1
Total 39.6 10.9 50.5
Global Burden of Dis Study
Murray & Lopez 1997

8. Leading Causes of Death (1990)
Millions
IHD 6.3
Cerebrovas dis 4.4
Lower RTI 4.3
Diarrhoea dis 2.9
Perinatal 2.4
COPD 2.2
TB 2.0
Measles 1.0
Road accidents 1.0
Lung Cancer 0.9
Murray & Lopez 1997

9. Projected Causes of DALYs (in 2020)
Worldwide Developed Developing
Regions Regions
1. IHD IHD UMD
2. Unipolarmajor CVD RTA
depression UMD)
3. Road traffic accidents UMD IHD
(RTA)
4. Cerebrovasc. dis(CVD) RespirCa COPD
5. COPD RTA CVD
6. LRTI Alcohol TB
7. TB Osteoarthritis LRTI
8. War injuries Dementia & CNS War injuries
degeneration
9. Diarrhoealdis COPD Diarrhoea
10.HIV Self inflicted HIV
injuries
(Murray & Lopez 1997)

10. Risk Factors common to major NCDs
Risk Factor Cardiovascular* Diabetes CancerRespiratory**
1.Smoking √ √ √ √
2.Alcohol √ ? √ ?
3.Nutrition √ √ √ √
4.Physical inactivity√ √ √ √
5.Obesity √ √ √ √
6.High B.P. √ √ - -
7.Bl. Glucose √ √ √
8.Bl. Lipids √ √ √
*Include heart dis, hypertension, stroke
** Include COPD and asthma

11. The Health
‘Health is a state of physical,
mental and social well-being”
(WHO)

12. Objectives of a healthy life style
1.Toachieve“goodhealth”
2.Topreventdisease,disabilityandprematuredeath
3.Inpresenceofdiseaseanddisability:
a.Maintainagoodqualityoflife
b.Copeupwithdisability
c.Prolonglife
d.Live(anddie)withdignity

13. Constituents of Life Style
1.Livingstandards
2.Psychologicalandspiritualneeds
3.Hobbiesandentertainments
4.Dietandnutrition
5.Physicalactivity
6.Personalhabits
7.Presenceofdisabilities

14. Diet and Nutrition
1.Balancedintakeoffoodandfoodsupplements
2.Preventionofobesity,hyperlipidaemias,IHD,CVD(etc.)
3.Preventionofcancers–Dailyuseofgreenveg/fruits
4.Controlofadiseasestate:Hypertension,diabetes,others
5.Treatmentofdiseases:Gout,Coeliacdiseases,GIAllergies(etc.)

15. Physical Activity
1.Maintenanceofbody’smusclemass,jointmobilityandorganfunction
2.Preventionofmentalstress/strain
3.Increaseexerciseperformance,respiratoryfunctionandendurance
4.Bloodcirculationtovitalorgans(Heart,brain,musclesetc.)
5.Treatmentofneuromuscularandjointdisorders;hypertension,diabetes
(etc.)

16. Personal Habits
Tobacco:Smoking&nonsmokingforms
Alcoholuse
Othersubstanceabuse

17. Tobacco Use: Smoking
1.Respiratory Diseases
 Ch. Obst Pulm Disease
 Br. Asthma aggravation
 Lung infections / TB
 Interstitial Diseases
 Decreased exercise capacity
 Respiratory Cancers
2.Ischaemic heart disease
3.Cerebrovasc dis. / Stroke
4.Cancers: Lung, Mouth, Larynx, Food-pipe,
Stomach, Bladder, Kidneys
5.Effects during pregnancy
6.Peripheral vessel disease
7.Miscellaneous

18. Non-chewing Tobacco
1. Localeffects
 Leukoplakiaofcheeks
 Cancersofmouth,cheeks,tongue,jaws,food-pipe
2. Systemiceffects(afterabsorptioninblood)
PassiveSmoking(ETS)
 Children Cancers
 Spouses COPD/Asthma
 Colleagues IHD/angina
Infections
Others

19. Alcoholism
A.Acute
1.Alcoholintoxication
2.Accidents/Injuries
B.Chronic
1.Cirrhosisofliver
2.Fattyliver
3.Ch.Pancreatitis
4.Cardiomyopathy
5.Encephalopathy/Earlydementia

20. SUMMARY
HealthyLife-Style
1.TotalavoidanceofTobacco
2.Adequatephysicalactivity/exercise
3.Dailyuseoffreshgreenvegetablesandfruits
4.Avoidingfattydiets,sugars,alcohol,salts
5.Mentalandspiritualreinforcement