Healthcare challenges & solutions in india

Mera Medicare

1. Healthcare challenges and solutions in India Kripa Krishnan Mera Medicare www.meramedicare.com

2. Indian Health Care system structure GOVERNMENT STATE NATIONAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH STATE MINISTRY Health policies Disease control Regulatory markers Healthcare delivery Training of personnel Financing Health services Health research Family welfare Traditional medical systems Medical education Health services + family welfare

3. CHALLENGES Mitigating burden of disease Infectious Chronic degenerative Maternal mortality, under-5 mortality, malnutrition Healthcare finance Lack of universal access to health care + Health inequality Lack of healthcare related resources

4. WHY DO SUCH CHALLENGES EXIST?

5. Burden of disease Infectious diseases Poor implantation of public health programs Lack of environmental sanitation, safe drinking water, information and awareness regarding importance of hygiene and nutrition Poor living conditions Chronic degenerative diseases Lack of access to diagnostics (e.g. pap smear tests) Poor diagnosis Lack of specialists such as gynecologists

6. Burden of disease Prevalence of non-communicable diseases Lack of awareness of diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. 63 million diabetic patients in India Focus is more on communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and Polio. Rise of psychological disorders Lack of awareness and understanding

7. Maternal mortality, under-5 mortality, malnutrition Explosive population growth (High birth rates) Gender inequality Childbirth at home instead of hospital Poor education Poor nutrition Lack of breastfeeding Vulnerable to weakness and infection Poor immunity According to UNICEF, 1.7 million under the age of 5 die 98000 affected with uncontrolled diarrhea

8. Healthcare Finance High cost of curative medical services Expensive health insurance Poor vaccination coverage Inappropriate and irrational use of high tech diagnostics The poor are more price sensitive to health care and are more likely to report financial cost as a barrier for foregoing care when suffering from illness

9. Lack of healthcare related resources Migration of qualified professionals Workforce concentrated in urban areas Underinvestment in health care related infrastructure in certain areas Limited opening hours Limited availability of drugs Poor physical environments Poor provider training and knowledge Poor governance of health care sector Adequate regulation of public and private sector has been difficult to achieve Implementation of laws and codes is problematic

10. Lack of universal access + Health equity Health services not easily accessible to rural populations Economics of scale achievable only in urban areas but the majority of vulnerable groups exist where services are scarce thereby affecting equity Physical distance to facilities is an issue Health insurance only covers about a fifth of the entire population Unorganized private sector accounts for almost 80% of outpatient healthcare Dearth of qualified medical professionals in rural areas Inappropriate drug use Emergence of anti-microbial drug resistance, drug toxicity, adverse drug reactions

11. SOLUTIONS FOR THESE CHALLENGES

12. Solutions to burden of disease (infectious) Decentralized planning in districts Effective service delivery in communities Install adequate health facilities such as diagnostics in every community and make check-ups compulsory and free of costs/subsidized cost Sustained programs to change household behaviors and spread awareness Creation of centers of excellence for health + nutrition policy research

13. Solutions to burden of disease (Chronic) Prevention and management of the associated risk factors Avoid onset of disease Limit severity Improve vaccination coverage Develop (a) Newer vaccines and (b) Newer modes of delivery

14. Solutions to Maternal mortality, under-5 mortality, malnutrition Needs a system that can meet the demands over a billion people Professional leadership Trained cadre of personnel Coordinated approach Patient and physician education Antibiotic policy Hospital infection control team Regional and international antibiotic resistance surveillance

15. Solutions for Healthcare finance Data driven approach + analytic system driven by systems analysis and software development Public-private partnerships directed at data capture, analysis, and implementation Accountability, transparency, and better leadership Development of the decision making process relating to achieving health equity

16. Solutions to lack of universal access and inequality Formation of an integrated national/state public health system Functional public health infrastructure that is shared between central and state governments Efficient allocation of resources between different levels of services and between different geographical regions National, state, and local Increase public financing Improve physical access to preventive and curative health services especially in India’s rural population (e.g. hospital beds) Improve infrastructure (better transport, roads, and communication networks)

17. Solutions for Lack of healthcare related resources Education of physicians and nurses in public sector Incentives and policies to (a) attract and (b) retain personnel Make it mandatory for professionals to do 3 years of rural service

18. References http:// sajprevcardiology.com / vol8 / vol8_4 / ruralhealthcaresystem.htm http:// www.kpmg.com /in/en/industry/pages/ healthcare.aspx http:// www.google.com / search?q = cache:Q1Fct0ah_K0J:https :// hcmg.wharton.upenn.edu /files/% 3Fwhdmsaction%3Dpublic:main.file%26fileID%3D7831%2Bchallenges+in+healthcare+india+ISB&client= safari&rls = en&oe = UTF-8&gfe_rd = cr&hl = en&ct = clnk