Heart Health Awareness.ppt

Health awareness

1. Heart Health
Awareness

2. Introduction
Everyyear,about12millionpeoplethroughouttheworld
dieofaheartattackorastroke.
Thesediseasesaffectthepooraswellastherich.
Mostpeoplethinkthattheyarediseasesofmiddle-aged
men.
Thetruthisthatbothmenandwomensufferfromheart
attacksandstrokes.
Thegoodnewsisthatyoucantakestepstohelp
preventheartattacksandstrokes

3. The Normal Heart
Thehumanheartisonlythesizeofa
fist,butitisthestrongestmuscleinthe
body.
Witheveryheartbeat,theheart
pumpsblood,carryingoxygenand
nutrients,toallpartsofthebody.
Theheartbeatsabout70timesa
minuteinapersonatrest.
Theheartrateincreaseswhenweare
activeorwhenwefeelstrongemotions.

4. What is a heart attack?
Theheartitselfgetsoxygen&nutrientsthroughblood
vesselscalledthecoronaryarteries.
Whenthebloodflowtotheheartiscutoff,thedecrease
inthesupplyofoxygenandnutrientscancauselasting
damagetothisvitalorgan.
Whentheblockageissudden,itiscalledaheartattack.

5. What is a heart attack?
Iftheblockageisonlypartialandthebloodflow
totheheartisdecreased,itcancausechest
paincalledangina.
Itmaynotcauselastingdamagetotheheart
muscle,butitisawarningsignthataperson
coulddevelopamajorheartattack.

6. A heart attack is caused by a
blockage in a coronary artery

7. What is a heart attack?
Aheartattackmayalsobe
calledamyocardialinfarction
orcoronarythrombosis.
Othertermsyoumaycome
acrossinclude:
I.Coronaryheartdisease,
II.Ischemicheartdisease,
III.Coronaryarterydisease,
IV.Anginapectoris.

8. What causes heart attacks
Heartattacksandstrokesare
mainlycausedbyablockage
thatpreventsbloodfromflowing
totheheartorthebrain.
Themostcommonreasonfor
thisisabuild-upoffatty
depositsontheinnerwallsof
thebloodvesselsthatsupply
theheartorthebrain.
Thismakesthebloodvessels
narrowerandlessflexible.

9. What causes heart attacks
Itissometimescalled
hardeningofthearteriesor
atherosclerosis.
Thebloodvesselsarethen
morelikelytogetblockedby
bloodclots.
Whenthathappens,the
bloodvesselscannotsupply
bloodtotheheartandbrain,
whichbecomedamaged.

10. Gradual increase of fatty deposits
along the inside of artery walls leads
to narrowing of the arteries

11. Why does fat build up in blood vessels?
Therearethreemainreasonsforfattybuild-up,andyou
cancontrolthemall:
I.smokingandothertobaccouse;
II.unhealthydiet;
III.notstayingactive.
Anearlyformoffattydeposits,knownas“fattystreaks”,
canevenbefoundinsomechildrenyoungerthan10
years.
Thesedepositsgetslowlyworseasthepersongets
older.

12. Preventing heart attacks
Nearlytwo-thirdsofpeoplewhohaveaheartattackdie
beforetheycanreachmedicalcare.
Soitisimportanttoknowthewarningsignsandtoact
fast
Itisevenbettertopreventaheartattackfromever
happening.
Preventionisalwaysbetterthantreatment,andmost
heartattacksandcanbeprevented.

13. What are the Signs and Symtoms
of Heart Attack?

14. What is the difference between Heart
burn vs Heart Attack?

15. Important Risk (lifestyle) factors
The three most important lifestyle factors
are:
I.Smoking and other tobacco use
II.Unhealthy diet
III.Lack of physical activity.

16. Important Risk (lifestyle) factors
Poor lifestyle choices can lead to
three serious physical problems:
I.High blood pressure
(hypertension);
II.High blood sugar (diabetes);
III.High blood fats (hyperlipidaemia).

17. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Tobaccouse
Damageyourlungs,bloodvesselsandheart.
Theytaketheplaceoftheoxygeninthebloodthatyour
heartandbrainneedtoworkproperly.
Tobaccousegreatlyincreasesyourchanceofhavinga
heartattackorstroke.
Inhalingthetobaccosmokeof
othersmokersisasharmful
assmokingyourself

18. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Unhealthydiet
Anunhealthydietisonewith:
I.Toomuchfood(toomanycalories);
II.Toomuchfat,sugarorsalt;
III.Notenoughfruitandvegetables.

19. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Ifyoueatalotoffoodandyouarenotactive
enoughtoburnitoff,youwillputonweight.
Youcouldslowlybecomeoverweightoreven
obese.

20. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Unhealthydiet
Beingoverweightcanleadtodiabetes,highblood
pressure,andhighbloodfatlevels.
Allofthesephysicalproblemsincreasetheriskofheart
attacksandstrokes.
Obesepeopleareatespecially
highriskiftheyhavealotof
fataroundthewaistand
stomacharea.

21. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Unhealthydiet
Anunhealthydietoftencontainstoomuch“fast
food”,whichishighinfatandsugar,andsugar-
loadedsoftdrinks.
Fastfoodisalsoveryhighinsalt,which
increasesbloodpressure.

22. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Lackofphysicalactivity
Whenpeopledonotstayactive,theirriskofheart
attackandstrokeincreasesgreatly.
Physicalactivitylowersyourriskofheartattacksand
strokesby:
I.Helpingyourbodyburnsugarsandfatsandassisting
inkeepingagoodweight;
II.Loweringyourbloodpressure;
III.Increasingoxygenlevelsinyourbody;

23. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Lackofphysicalactivity
IV.Reducingstress;
V.Strengtheningyourheartmuscleandbones;
VI.Improvingbloodcirculationandmuscletone.

24. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
.
Stayingactivealsoreducestheriskofotherillnesses,
suchascancer.
Activepeopleusuallyfeelbetterandhappier.
Theyarelikelytosleepbetterandtohavemoreenergy,
self-confidence,andconcentration.

25. How poor lifestyle choices increase
the risk
Lackofphysicalactivity
Youdonothavetobeintrainingforthe
Olympicstogetthesebenefits!
Walking,gardening,ordoinghouseworkforat
least30minutesonmostdayscanhelpyou
preventheartattacksandstrokes.

26. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
Highbloodpressure(hypertension)
BPistheforcewithwhichthebloodpushesagainstthe
wallsofarteries.
Ifbloodpressureishigh,theheartisworkingharder
thanitshould;overtime,thiswillcauseittoweaken.
HighBPisoneofthe
majorriskfactorsfor
heartattacks.

27. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
High blood pressure
(hypertension)
ToavoidhighBP,youneedto
stayactive,maintainahealthy
weight,&eatahealthydiet
whichdietincludeslotsof
fruitsandvegetables

28. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
.
Limittheamountofsaltinyour
diet,anddonotdrinktoomuch
alcohol.
Ifyoumakeallofthesechanges
toyourlifestyle,butyoustill
cannotloweryourBP,thereare
medicinesthatcanhelp.

29. Know Your Numbers: Classification of
Blood Pressure

30. Lifestyle Modifications to Reduce BP
Lifestyle Factor Recommendation Reduction in SBP
(mmHg)
Weight reduction Maintain BMI 18.5-24.9 5-20 per 10 kg wt loss
Diet Diet rich in fruits/veggies,
low fat dairy, reduced
saturated and total fat
8-14
Sodium Restriction <2.4 gm sodium daily 2-8
Physical Activity30 minutes of brisk
aerobic activity per day
most days of week
4-9
Moderation of alcohol
consumption
No more than 2 drinks per
day for men, 1 for women
2-4

31. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
Highbloodsugar(diabetes)
Thebodyproducesahormonecalledinsulin,which
helpsbodycellstousesugarfromthebloodtoproduce
energy.
Whenthebodydoesnot
produceenoughinsulin,
orcannotuseitproperly,
asindiabetes,sugar
buildsupintheblood.

32. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
Highbloodsugar(diabetes)
Thehighbloodsugarlevelsspeedupthedevelopment
ofatherosclerosis–thenarrowingandhardeningofthe
arteries.
Thisgreatlyincreasestheriskofheartattacks.
Treatingdiabetesinvolveschangingyourdietand
lifestyle.
Sometimes,medicinesthatlowerbloodsugarare
needed.

33. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
Highbloodfats(hyperlipidaemia)
Bloodfatsincludecholesterolandtriglycerides.
Toomanyofthesefatsintheblood,causefatty
depositsinarteriesleadingtoatherosclerosis
Thisgreatlyincreasestheriskofheartattacks.

34. The physical problems that can result
from poor lifestyle choices
Highbloodfats(hyperlipidaemia)
Ifyouhavehighcholesterolortriglyceridelevelsinyour
blood,youneedtoeatlessfat,stayactive,andcontrol
yourbodyweight.
Ifthesemeasuresarenotenough,youmayalsoneed
medicinetoloweryourbloodfats.

35. Cholesterol-Know Your numbers!

36. Other important risk factors
Metabolic syndrome
When a person has central obesity, abnormal blood
fat levels (e.g. high triglyceride level or low HDL
cholesterol), high BP & blood sugar at same time,
known as metabolic syndrome.
People with metabolic syndrome are at high risk of
developing diabetes or having a heart attack, and
require careful medical attention

37. Other important risk factors
Chronicstress
Feelinglonely,isolated,oranxiousforalong
timecancombinewithotherriskfactorsto
makeapersonmorelikelytohaveaheart
attackorstroke.

38. Tips for reducing your risk
Thereissomuchthatyoucandotoreducetheriskof
heartattackandstrokeforyouandyourfamily.Startby
makingsomehealthylifestyle
choices:
Ifyousmokeorusetobacco,quit.Avoidinhalingsmoke
fromotherpeople’scigarettes.
Spend30minutesadaydoingsomethingactive,like
walking,gardening,orhousework.

39. Tips for reducing your risk
Eat5servingsoffruitandvegetableseachday.
Limitthesalt,fat,andsugarinyourdiet.
Onceayear,askyourdoctortocheckyourweight,BP,
bloodfatsandbloodsugar.
Encourageyourfamilymembersandotherstochange
theirlifestyles.

40. Life’s Simple 7