Heat stroke

for nursing student

1. HEAT STROKE PRAGYANSHREE NANDA. PG-NEUROSCIENCE , LECTURE Dept. Of Medical-Surgical Nursing. KINS / KIIT-DU

2. Heat stroke is an acute medical emergencies caused by failure of the heat regulating mechanisms of the body. it usually occurs during extended heat waves, especially when they are accompined by high humidity. DEFINITION

3. CNS Disfunction [confusion , delirium, bizarre behavior , coma]. Elevated body temperature [40.6c or 105f or higher]. Hot or Dry skin. Anhidrosis [absence of sweating]. Tachypnea . Hypotension . Tachycardia . INCIDENCE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS Most heat related deaths occur in the elderly .

4. MANAGEMENT •The primary goal is to reduce the high temperature as quickly as possible, because mortality is directly related to the duration of hyperthermia. • T reatment focuses on stabilizing oxygenation using the ABCs •After the patient's clothing is removed internal temperature is reduced to 39c (102f) as rapidly as possible. •Cool sheets and towels or continuous sponging with cool water . •Ice applied to the neck, groin, chest, axilla while spraying with tepid water. •Immersion of the patient in a cold water bath ( if possible )

5. Cooling blankets Iced saline lavage of the stomach or colon if the temperature does not decrease During cooling procedures, an electric fan is positioned so that it blows on t he patient to augment heat dissipation by convection and evaporation. The patient's temperature is constantly monitored with a thermistor . Caution is used to avoid hypothermia and to prevent hyperthermia, which may recur spontaneously within 3 to 4 hours . Monitored carefully the patient's status is including vital signs, ECG findings , CVP, and level of responsiveness, all of which may change rapid alterations in body temprature .

6. A seizure may be followed by recurrence of hyperthermia. 100% oxygen is administered . IV infusion therpy of NS OR RL solution is initiated as directed to replace fluid losses and maintain adequat circulation Urine output also measured frequently.

7. PREVENTION Advise the patient to avoid immediate reexposure to high temperatures; hypersensitivity to high temperatures may remain for a considerable time. Emphasize the importance of maintaining adequate fluid intake, wearing loose clothing, and reducing activity in hot weather . Advise athletes to monitor fluid losses and weight loss during workout activities or exercise and to replace fluids. Advise the patient to use a gradual approach to physical conditioninig , allowing sufficient time for return to baseline temperature .

8. • Advise patient to plan outdoor activities to avoid the hottest part of the body [between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.] •Emphasize the importance of maintaining adequate fluid intake, wearing loose clothing, and reducing activity in hot weather.

9. THANK YOU