Hepatitis Aplastic anaemia presentation .pptx

Hepatitis associated aplastic anaemia

1. Hepatitis-Associated Aplastic Anemia (HAAA) A Rare but Severe Complication of Hepatitis Presented by: [Your Name]

2. Introduction • HAAA is a rare, life-threatening condition. • Develops 2-3 months after acute hepatitis (viral or non-viral causes). • Mostly affects young males. • High mortality if untreated.

3. Causes & Risk Factors • Viral Hepatitis: HAV, HBV, HCV, HEV, HGV. • Non-Hepatitis Viruses: EBV, CMV, Parvovirus B19, HHV-6. • Genetic predisposition (e.g., telomerase mutations). • Immune-mediated destruction of bone marrow cells.

4. Pathophysiology • Immune system attacks bone marrow stem cells. • T-cell imbalance leads to marrow failure. • Results in pancytopenia (low RBCs, WBCs, and platelets). • No link to drugs, toxins, or blood transfusions.

5. Clinical Features • Fatigue, weakness, pallor (due to anemia). • Frequent infections (low WBCs). • Easy bruising, bleeding (low platelets). • History of hepatitis episode 2-3 months prior.

6. Diagnosis • Blood tests: Pancytopenia (low blood cell counts). • Bone marrow biopsy: Hypocellular marrow with no abnormal cells. • Viral markers: Hepatitis and other viral infections. • Immune function tests: T-cell involvement.

7. Treatment Options 1. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) - Best option if an HLA-matched donor is available. - Higher survival rates. 2. Immunosuppressive Therapy (IST) - Used when HCT is not possible. - Combination of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) + cyclosporine. 3. Emerging Therapies - Steroids to modulate immune response.

8. Prognosis & Outcomes • Better prognosis with early treatment (HCT > IST). • Untreated HAAA has high mortality. • Some patients relapse after IST. • Research ongoing for improved treatments.

9. Conclusion • HAAA is a rare, immune-mediated complication of hepatitis. • Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment improve survival. • Hematopoietic transplantation offers the best cure. • Ongoing research into better therapies.

10. References & Acknowledgments • Cite relevant studies or guidelines (if needed). • Acknowledge contributors.