Hepatitis b virus

This lecture is about "Hepatitis b virus" presented by Rufia Abbas, she from Gilgit, Pakistan.
For video: https://youtu.be/rIll9JPhhiQ

1. Presented by: Rufia Abbas

2. HE P A TITIS B Hepatitis B, sometimes called Hep B virus HBV, is part of a group of hepatitis viruses that attack the liver. It is the member of hepadenaviridae , it is an enveloped with icosahedral nucleocapsid core containing a particular double stranded DNA genome.

3. MODE OF TRANSMISSION Hepatitis B virus can be spread and transmitted by several ways, including: Exposure to infected blood Sexual transmission Needle sharing Parenteral route

4. SYMPTOMS Fever Fatigue Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Joint pain Jaundice

5. Risk groups for hbv infection Infants born to mothers with hepatitis B virus People who inject drugs or share needles, syringes, and other types of drug equipment Sex partners of people with hepatitis B virus People who live with someone who has hepatitis B virus Health care and public safety workers exposed to blood on the job People on dialysis

6. HE P A TITIS B VIRUS P r e v alence:  In Pakistan 7 to 9 million carriers of hepatitis B virus with c arrie r rate of 3-5 % .  The prevalence of chronic HBV infection varies greatly in different part of the world . The prevalence of chronic HBV infection worldwide could be categorized as high, intermediate and low endimicity.

7. HE P A TITIS B VIRUS Prevalence: If symptoms occur, they begin an average of 90 days (range: 60–150 days) after exposure to HBV Detection of HBV involves Serum Blood test Antibodies Diagnosis

8. HE P A TITIS B VIRUS Diagnosis: (se r ol o gy) • • indi c a ting i n f ecti o us pe r son. U s ed t o ma k e h e p a ti t is B v accin e . (HBsAg) • • In d i ca ting r e c o v e r y and immu n it y . In succes s f u lly v accin a t ed pe r son. (a n ti-HBs) • • In d i ca ting r epli c a ting vi r us. P e r son has high le v el of H B V . (Hb e Ag)

9. HE P A TITIS B VIRUS T r e a tme n t: Treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus may include: Antiviral medications.   Several antiviral medicines — including entecavir (Baraclude) tenofovir (Viread), lamivudine (Epivir), adefovir (Hepsera) and telbivudine

10. HE P A TITIS B VIRUS V ac c in a tion: Hepatitis B vaccine is available for all age groups. The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all infants, all children or adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not been vaccinated, All adults age 19 through 59 years, and Adults age 60 years or older with risk factors for hepatitis B infection .

11. References Bonino F, Chiaberge E, Maran E, Piantino P (1987). "Serological markers of HBV infectivity".  Dane DS, Cameron CH, Briggs M (April 1970). "Virus-like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis".   Villa E, Fattovich G, Mauro A, Pasino M (January 2011). "Natural history of chronic HBV infection: special emphasis on the prognostic implications of the inactive carrier state versus chronic hepatitis".  Oliveri F, Brunetto MR, Actis GC, Bonino F (November 1991). "Pathobiology of chronic hepatitis virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma.