Hepatoprotective Drugs for bams 20 marks.pdf

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1. Guided By: Dr. Hariom Gupta Sir
Dr. Arti Rupani Mam
Hepatoprotective

Presented by : Ruchi Davda

2. Hepatoprotective drugs means the drugs that are
prevent the liver disease.
These are the agents usefull for prevention &
treatment of hepatic diseases.
Hepatoprotective drugs act on the hepatocytes/
liver directly or indirectly and help in its proper
functioning.

3. Liver plays a pivotal role in metabolism, secretion
and storage and is sometimes referred as the great
chemical factory of the body, because the body
depends on the liver to regulate, synthesize, store
and secrete many important proteins, nutrients,
chemicals and to purify and clear toxins or
unnecessary substances from the body.
The bile secreted by the liver, among other things,
play an important role in digestion.

4. The risk of the liver intoxication has recently
increased by the higher exposure to environmental
toxins, pesticides and frequent use of
chemotherapeutics.

5. Liver Toxicity
The major cause in India is ethanol and it is
suspected that more than half of the cases of
hepatotoxicity is caused by alcohol
Chemicals like carbon tetrachloride CCL4,
phosphorous, aflatoxins, chlorinated hydrocarbon
etc
Infections like viral hepatitis
The main causes of liver damage are:

6. Liver injury caused by hepatotoxins, such as CCl4,
ethanol and acetaminophen, is characterized by
varying degrees of hepatocyte degeneration and cell
death via either apoptosis or necrosis
The metabolism of hepatotoxins by cytochrome P-
450 enzyme subtypes is a key step of the
intoxication; therefore, enzyme inhibitors are shown
to minimize the hepatotoxin associated liver damage

8. Types of liver disease
Necrosis
Cirrhosis
Hepatitis- may be viral, toxic or deficiency type
Hepatic failure- acute or chronic
Chemical/drug induced hepatotoxicity

9. In addition to specific treatment for a given
hepatotoxin, the general strategy for prevention
and treatment of the damage includes reducing the
production of reactive metabolites of the
hepatotoxins, using anti-oxidative agents and
selectively targeting thera- peutics to Kupffer cells
or hepatocytes for ongoing processes, which play a
role in mediating a second phase of the injury

10. Prevention
Not all but some liver diseases can be prevented.
For example, hepatitis A and hepatitis B can be
prevented with vaccines.

11. Other ways to decrease the risk of infectious liver
disease include:
Practicing good hygiene,
Avoiding drinking or using tap water when traveling
internationally.
Avoiding illegal drug use, especially sharing injection
equipment.
Avoiding the sharing of personal hygiene items, such
as razors or nail clippers.

12. Avoiding toxic substances and excess alcohol
consumption.
Using medications only as directed.
Using caution around industrial chemicals.
Eating a well balanced diet following the food guide
pyramid.
Getting an injection of immune globulin after
exposure to hepatitis A.
Using recommended safety precautions in
healthcare and day care work.

13. Ursodeoxycholic acid
(Ursodiol):
This compound protects the liver cell membrane
from the effect of bile acids and enhances the flow of
bile

14. It decreases intestinal absorption and suppresses
hepatic synthesis and storage of cholesterol.
This is believed to reduce cholesterol saturation of
bile and thereby allowing solubilization of
cholesterol-containing gall stones.
Ursodeoxycholic acid, a relatively hydrophilic bile
acid, is also believed to protect the liver from the
damaging effects of hydrophobic bile acids,
which are retained in cholestatic disorders.

15. in the management of chronic hepatic diseases such as:
primary biliary cirrhosis,
biliary disease secondary to cystic fibrosis,
nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,
idiopathic chronic hepatitis,
autoimmune hepatitis,
primary sclerosing cholangitis,
alcoholic hepatitis
Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodiol) Use:

16. Penicillamine:
Penicillamine is a chelating agent used in the
treatment of Wilson's disease.
Penicillamine chelates
several metals including
copper, lead, iron, and
mercury, forming stable
water soluble complexes
that are renally excreted.

17. Penicillamine is a degradation product of penicillin
but has no antimicrobial activity.
It also combines chemically with cystine to form a
stable,soluble, readily excreted complex.
It usually takes months to years for hepatic
copper levels to decrease.
It may also have antifibrotic effects

18. copper-storage hepatopathy
lead toxicity
cystine urolithiasis.
rheumatoid arthritis
Wilson’diseases
Penicillamine use:

19. Dose:
For management of copper-associated hepatopathy,
a dose of 10–15 mg given on an empty stomach.
Adverse effects:
nausea and vomiting

20. Essential Phospholipids
This is a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids. They
affect the membranes of liver cells, induce their
regeneration and improve their resistance to harmful
factors.

21. Other drugs:
Liver disease treatment will depend on the type and
the extent of disease.
For example, treating hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and
hepatitis D may involve the use of medications such
as the antiviral medication alpha interferon.
Other medications used to treat liver disease may
include ribavirin, lamivudine, steroids, and
antibiotics

22. Other drugs are
Alphamethyldopa
halothane
rifampicin
methyltestosterone
phenylbutazone
methyltestosterone
Liv52

23. Hepatoprotective Drugs-
Ayurved
Yashtimadhu
Kakmachi
Haridra
Parpat
Kalmegh
Kumari
Bhumi amalki
Punarnava
Rohitak
Katuki

25. Thank you