Herbal Cosmetics., Types of Herbal cosmetics

Herbal Cosmetics., Types of Herbal cosmetics, Lavender oil, Almond Oil, Sandalwood oil

1. Herbal Cosmetics
Sources, Chemical Constituents,
Commercial Preparations, Therapeutic
and Cosmetic uses of Herbal Cosmetics
Prepared by,
Mrs. Sonawane P.D.
M.Pharm., Pharmacognosy,
Faculty,
PES Modern College of Pharmacy for ladies,
Moshi, Pune.

2. Introduction
–Whatarecosmetics??
–Cosmeticsaresubstancesthatareusedtoenhancetheodorandappearance
ofhumanbody.
–FDAdefinescosmeticsas"intendedtobeappliedtothehumanbodyfor
cleansing,beautifying,promotingattractiveness,oralteringtheappearance
withoutaffectingthebody'sstructureorfunctions."
–Whatareherbalcosmetics?
–Thesearethecosmeticswhicharepreparedusingplantproductshaving
cosmeticactions.Recentlytheuseofbotanicalsincosmeticshaveincreased
mainlyduetothemildactionandnon-toxicnature.Incosmetics,both
naturalandphyto-ingredientsareused.Naturalproductsincludeoils,extracts,
secretionsetc.Phyto-ingredientsincludepureconstituentsobtainedby
variousprocess.
–DEFINATION:AccordingtoD&CAct1940Anyarticleintendedtoberubbed,
poured,sprinkledorsprayedonorintroducedtoorappliedtoanypartof
humanbodyforcleansing,beautifying,promoting,attractivenessoraltering
theappearanceandincludesanyarticleintendedforuseascomponentof
cosmetics.

3. AleoVera Gel
B.S. Morphology Chemical
constituents
Therapeutic use Cosmetic use
It is obtained
from various
species of Aloe
namely, Aloe
veraand Aloe
barbadensis
Family:
Liliaceae
Color:
Colourless(gel)
Odour:
Characteristic
Taste: Intensely
bitter,
nauseating
Barbaloin,
Isobarbaloin,
Acemannanis
the major
compound of
mucilage.
Enzymes:
Superoxide
dismutase,
glyoxylase-I
and
glyoxylase-II.
Other
constituents
of aloe
mucilage:
Amino acids,
vitamins,
minerals, and
polysaccharid
es.
Laxative effects of aloe veraare due
to barbaloin.
Juice is useful as a vermifuge. Higher
doses of aloe may act as
abortifacient.It is an immunity
booster. Used to treat amenorrhoea
and dysmenorrhea, type II diabetes,
arthritis, eye disease, vomiting,
bronchitis, asthma,jaundiceand
ulcers,anaemiaand enlargement of
liver and spleen,for detoxifying
stomach, intestines and kidneys.
Fresh gel or mucilage heals wound.
It is an immunity booster.
Ayurvedicpreparation like Kumarika
vatiused to cure female genital tract
ailments
Aloe veragel has antibacterial,
antifungal and anti-inflammatory
properties.Fresh juice inhibits the
growth of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
improves fertility in women.
aloe verajuice increases energy
levels.
used to heal burns, blisters,
stretch-marks, sunburns, frost
bites and wounds
Aloe veragel increases
epidermal cell proliferation
and helps in skin ejuvenation.
A toothpaste containing aloe
veragel treats gingivitis,
control plaque and reduce
hazards of bacterial
contamination.Preventsaging
of the skin. Due to its
antibacterial properties,
added to ointments, razors,
creams, lotions and
shampoosAloeveragel
lightens the dark spots on the
skin and reduces the intensity
of pigmentation.Itis a best
moisturizer, removes dead
skin.Aloeveragel cures
pimples and acne.

4. Commercial Preparation of Aloe Vera
Gel
–The leaves are cut transversely near the base.
–The juice is present in the large pericyclic cells and parenchyma. But aloe
mucilage is located in the central region.
–The cut leaves are kept inside a tin vessel that is placed below the V-shaped
vessel.
–The juice flows into the tin vessel and then it is filtered to remove the
cellular impurities through a stainless steel strainer, as the mucilage is acidic
pH.
–It is then concentrated by heat in an iron container or other convenient
containers and subsequently poured into boxes in which it solidifies on
cooling.

5. Almond Oil
B.S. Morphology ChemicalconstituentsTherapeutic use Cosmetic use
It is the fixed oil
obtained by
expression from
the dried seeds
of Prunus
amygdalas.
Family:
Rosaceae
Color: Pale
yellow.
Odour:
Odourless
Taste: Bland,
Nutty, Mild
Fixed oil
Amygdalin:
Cyanogenetic
glycoside
Mucilage
Mixture of glycerides:
palmitic (5%), linoleic
(17%) , stearic, oleic
(60-86%), myristic,
gadoleic, linolenic,
arachidic, erucic, and
palmitoleicacid.
Proteins, and emulsin
(enzyme)
Purified volatile oil
contains
benzaldehyde
B-sitosterol,
tocopherols,
brassicasteroland
cholesterol.
Almond oil is used as a
laxative
It is used as a vehicle for oily
injections.
Used as flavoring agents. It is
used to prevent
cardiovascular diseases
Consumption of almond oil
or whole almond lowers
plasma cholesterol and LDL
Almond oil has antibacterial,
antifungal and anti-
inflammatory properties.
Amygdalin present in almond
oil is a natural anticancer
substance. It contains
vitamin E and traces of
vitamin K.. Reduces
inflammation
It may aid in weight loss.
Almond oil is an emollient,
used in cosmeticsaging of the
skin.
It improves complexion and
skin tone.
Softens dry skin, very good for
skin nourishment
Reduces skin itching and
redness.
Prevents wrinkles and dark
circles around the eyes.
Almond oil is beneficial for the
hair. It softens and
strengthens the hair.
It is used to reduce stretch-
marks, and sunburns.
It is used as a mild makeup
remover from the face.
Body massage oil contains
almond oil.

6. Commercial Preparation Almond Oil
–After harvesting, the mesocarpis removed (dehulling) which adheres to the
nut.
–After dehulling, the seeds are dried under the sun for 2-3 days and then
subjected to hot air ventilation to dry completely
–After drying, cracking takes place. Cracking consists of the separation of the
shell and the seeds, this is followed by grinding and cold-pressing.
–The hydraulic presses are used to squeeze the oil from seeds under low
pressure. This type of technique is called cold-pressing method as the oil is
extracted at low temperature
–Then the oil is clarified by sedimentation and filtration. Finally poured into
bottles or convenient containers, sealed and stored or sent to the market.
–The almond oil obtained is a pale yellow liquid with a mild odourand bland
taste

7. Lavender oil
B.S. Morphology ChemicalconstituentsTherapeutic use Cosmetic use
It consists of the
volatile oil
obtained from
the flowering
tops of
Lavandula
angustifolia
Family:
Lamiaceae
Colour:
Colourless.
Odour: Sweet,
pleasant, floral
Taste: Sweet,
floral, slightly
bitter
aftertaste
Linalylacetate,
Coumaricacid,
Camphor,
PhytosterolsB-
caryophyllene(4.7%),
Tannins, Essential oil,
Sugars.Valericacid,
Levandulylacetate1,8-
cineole B-ocimene,
Glycolic acid.
Coumarin, Geraniol
Linalool (30%),
Terpinen-4-ol,
Anthocyanin,
Ursolicacid
Lavender oil is used to relive
inflammatory disorders.
Aromatherapy massage with
lavender oil produces
relaxation.
It is used as a sedative.
It has instant analgesic effect
Reduces hot flashes and red
face.
Treats eczema and contact
allergies.
It has anti-bacterial and
antifungal properties.
Lavender oil is used as an
insect repellent.
Lavender essential oil has
antioxidant property.
It relieves stress
It has an antispasmodic
effect.
Used to prevent dementia
caused by Alzheimer's
disease.,used to treat
flatulence, liver, gallbladder
and stomach problems.
Lavender oil is used to heal
stretch marks, sunburns, and
wounds,
Effective for treating pimples
and acne.
As a perfume
Oil is used in making soaps,
and body lotions. Can be used
as a mouth freshener.
As an eau de cologne
Essential oil is added to after
shave lotions.

8. Commercial Preparation Lavender oil
–Itconsistsofalargecontainermadeofstainlesssteel,containingtheplant
materialfloweringphassteamaddedtoit.
–Steamdistillationisusedforproductionoflavenderessentialoilforcommercial
purposes.
–Steamisinjectedthroughtheinlet,throughtheplantmaterialcontainingthe
essentialoil.Itreleasesthearomaticconstituentsandturnthemintovapor.
–Thevaporcontainingtheplantconstituentstraveltothecondenser.
–Condenserisattachedwithtwoseparatepipes,forcoldwatertoenterandhot
watertoexit.
–Inthecondenserthevaporcoolsbackintoliquidform.
–Fromthecondenser,theessentialoildropsandcollectsinsideaseparator.
–Asoilandwaterdonotmix,theessentialoilfloatsontopofthewater.
–Fromthetop,lavenderoilissiphonedoff.

9. Olive Oil
B.S. Morphology ChemicalconstituentsTherapeutic use Cosmetic use
Synonym:
Oleum olivae,
Salad oil
Biological
Source: It is the
fixed oil
expressed from
the ripe fruits of
Olea europoca.
Family:
Oleaceae
Colour: Pale
yellow to
greenish-
yellow. Odour:
CharacteristicT
aste: Faintly
acrid
Triglycerides :
Palmitic, eicosenoic,
oleic acid, linoleic,
linolenic, arachidic,
stearic, palmitoleic,
andlignocericacids.
As a laxative.. It contains
large amounts of
antioxidants..
It has anti-inflammatory
properties.
Olive oil helps to prevent
strokes.
Consumption of olive oil
lowers plasma cholesterol
and LDL..
Fights Alzheimer's disease.
Reduce type II diabetes
It has anticancer properties.
Improves rheumatoid
arthritis.
Extra virgin olive oil has
antibacterial proportion
Polyphenols in olive oil may
protect from cardiovascular
disease.. Useful for treating
anxiety and depression
Prevent/repair liver injury..
Treats eczema and contact
allergies.
Externally used as an
emollient
Oil is used in making soaps,
and body lotions.
It is used as a mild makeup
remover from the face
Prevents wrinkles around the
eyes.
Helps to repair damaged skin
tissues
Lightens the dark spots on the
skin
It is a good moisturizer
Olive oil-based face mask
hydrates the face..
Body massage oil contains
olive oil.

10. Commercial Preparation Olive oil
–It is prepared by crushing and pressing the ripe fruits called olives.
–The olive fruit pulp has 60-80% of oil.
–The hydraulic presses are used to squeeze the oil from the fruits under
low pressure.
–This type of technique is called cold-pressing and it utilizes very little
amount of heat and it gives best quality oil called the virgin oil.

11. Rosemary Oil
B.S. Morphology ChemicalconstituentsTherapeutic use Cosmetic use
It is obtained by
distillation
method from
the flowering
tops of
Rosmarinus
officinalis
Family:
Lamiaceae
Color: Pale
yellow
Odour: Floral.
Taste: None
Volatile oil contains
0.8-6% of esters, and
8-20% of alcohols.
Cineole,.Borneol,
Camphor, Bornyl
acetate.
Monoterpene
hydrocarbons.
Triterpene alcohols β
amyrins, amyrins,
rofficeronecaffeic
acid, rosmarinicacid,
α-hydroxy
dihydrocaffeicacid,
and chlorogenicacid.
Glycoside: Luteolin,
carnosolicacid,
rosmanol,
isorosmanoland
epirosmanol
Improves the function of
brain.
It has anticancer properties
It is a potent expectorant.
Improves digestive health
Body massage improves
blood circulation
Smelling rosemary oil
relieves stress
It has anti-inflammatory and
analgesic properties.
Increases hair growth and
thickness.
Used as pesticides
Has an antioxidant and anti-
inflammatory effect.
Used to treat liver disorders
Inhibit growth of bacteria
which are responsible for
food poisoning
Stimulate hair follicles,
strengthen hair and prevents
greying of hair
As a skin tonic.
Reduces skin itching and
redness.
Helps to repair damaged skin
tissues..
Reduces stretch marks..
Prevents wrinkles around the
eyes..
Effective for treating pimples
and acne.
Oil is used in making soaps,
face washes and body lotions..
It is a good moisturizer for dry
skin..
Rosemary oil relieves dandruff

12. Commercial Preparation of Rosemary Oil
–Steam distillation is used for the production of rosemary oil for commercial
purposes.
–It consists of a large vessel made of stainless steel, containing the plant material
(flowering tops) has steam added to it.
–Steam is injected through the inlet, through the plant material containing the
essential oil.
–It releases the aromatic constituents and turn them into vapor.. The vapor
containing the plant constituents travel to the condenser.
–Condenser is attached with two separate pipes, for cold water to enter and hot
water to exit.
–In the condenser the vapor cools back into liquid form.mFrom the condenser,
the essential oil drops and collects inside a separator.
–As oil and water do not mix, the essential oil floats on top of the water.
–From the top, pale yellow rosemary oil is siphoned off.

13. Sandalwood oil
B.S. Morphology ChemicalconstituentsTherapeutic use Cosmetic use
Synonym:
Yellow
sandalwood oil,
Chandanoil.
Biological
Source: It is
obtained by
distillation of
heart wood of
Santalum
album
Family:
Santalaceae
Color:
Yellowish.
Odour: Sweet.
Form: Viscous
Main constituent :
Santenone, santalol,
a-santalol, and ß-
santalol
Protects from cardiovascular
disease.
Protects from mental
disorders.
Cures painful hemorrhoids.
Treats eczema and scabies.
Cures gonorrhea.
It is a potent expectorant.
Aromatherapy massage with
sandalwood oil produces
relaxation
Sandalwood oil is used in
incense sticks.
As a perfume.
Oil is used in making soaps,
and body lotions..
It is a good moisturizer.
Prevents wrinkles and dark
circles around the eyes.
Effective for treating pimples
and acne..
Helps to repair damaged skin
tissues..
It is used to reduce stretch-
marks, and sunburns..
Used in talcum powder..
Used in massage oil.
Sandalwood oil face mask
hydrates the face.

14. Commercial Preparation of Sandalwood oil
–Sandalwood oil is obtained by distillation method from the heart wood of
Santalumalbum..
–Heart woods are chipped and powdered to a coarse grind before distillation.
–The yield of the oil varies with the age of the tree, plant part, soil, growth of
plant and the environment in which the sandalwood is cultivated.
–Distillation takes approximately 48 to 72 hours, and effectively ends when
the yield of oil ceases to be economical. High pressure steam distillation
gives a higher yield of oil and reduced distillation time but will lose some of
the active constituents.
–The oil thus obtained is yellowish in color.

15. Long Answer Questions
–0.1 Describe the source, constituents, commercial preparations and uses of
any four essential oil used in skin care
–0.2 Write the source, constituents, commercial preparations and uses of
Aloe veragel, and Almond oil
–Short Answer Questions
–Q.1 Define herbal cosmetics Give the source, constituents, commercial
preparations and uses of Olive oil and Sandal Wood oil
–Q.2 Write the source and role of any two herbs used in hair care products
–Q.3 Write a note on Rosemary oil

16. Thank you