Herbal remedies for diabetics

Uses of herbal medicines for diabetic

1. HERBAL REMEDIES FOR DIABETES Presented By Dr. Ramadevi Devarakonda UGC Post Doctoral Fellow Pharmacognosy

2. CONTENTS Diabetes Insulin Anti-diabetic compounds from different plants Mode of action of herbal drugs Herbal remedies

3. What is the Diabetes ? Diabetes, often referred by the doctor's as diabetes mellitus a group of metabolic diseases in which person has higher blood glucose level either because of, 1 ) Insulin production is inadequate 2) Body cells do not respond properly to insulin or both Anti-diabetic drugs are a type of medicines used to control the increased blood glucose level in body. DIABETES

4. The disease is classified into four categories: Type 1: insulin-dependent diabetes. Type 2: noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Type 3: specific causes. Type 4: gestational diabetes mellitus. Classification of Diabetes

5. Difference between healthy & diabetes individuals

6. Insulin What is insulin? Human insulin consists of 51 amino acid in two chains connected by 2 disulfide bridges (a single gene product cleaved into 2 chains during post-translational modification). Porcine insulin is especially close to the human version, and was widely used to treat type 1 diabetes before human insulin could be produced in large quantities by recombinant DNA technologies. Insulin is stored in a complex with Zn 2 + ions.

7. Mechanism of Insulin

8. TREATMENT OF DIABETES BY THE PLANTS Some plants families which are showing the hypoglycemic activity mainly belonging from different families like, Leguminaceae. Laminaceae . Liliaceae . Cucurbetaceae . Asteraceae . Moraceae . Rosaceae . Araliaceae .

9. Antidiabetic compounds from different medicinal plants Classification of Antidiabetic herbal drug on the basis of secondary metabolites are as follows: Alkaloids Mycominase Mahanimbin Arecdine Barbine Phenols Trigonelline Pinitol 2-hydroxy- 4 - methoxy benzoic acid Alicine Anacardic acids Pinitol Arecdine

10. Triterpenes Alpha- amyrin 3-hydroxycacalolide Centellsapogenol Danshenols Flavanoids Myricetine 6-hydroxypigenin Glycosides Anthocyanin Leucopelargonidin Leucodephinidin Alpha amyrin Myricetine A nthocyanin

11. Mode of action of different anti- diabetic plant drugs 1. Plant drugs acting like Insulin/ producing insulin mimic effect: Aegle marmelos Momordica charantia Pterocarpus marsupium Sarcopoterium spinorum 2. Plant drugs increasing Insulin secretion/release from beta cells: Citrullus colocynthis Ficus bengalensis Allium cepa

12. Allium sativum Ocimum sanctum Aloe barbadensis Nigella sativum 3.Plant drugs with possible action of regeneration /repair of beta islet of langerhans :- Pterocarpus marsupium Gymnema sylvestre Elephantopus scaber 4.Plant drugs which delay glucose absorption from GIT:- Caesalpinia bonducella Mangifera indica

13. 5. Plant drugs showing alpha-amylase & alpha- glucosidase inhibitory effects:- Tinospora cordifolia Aegle marmelos Coccinia indica Ocimum sanctum 6. Plant drugs modifying glucose utilization:- Zingiber officinale Azadirachta indica Andrographis paniculata

14. List of scientifically investigated Medicinal plants S.NO Scientific name Common name Family Used part Type of effect 1 Aspila pluriseta Dwarf aspilia Asteraceae Root Antihyper –glycemic. 2 Biclens pilosa. Spanish needle Asteraceae Leaf Antihyper-glycemic. 3 Ficus sycomorus Fig.mulberry Maroceae Stem Antihyper-glycemic. 4 Pappea copensis Jacket plam Sapindaceae Antihyper-glycemic.

15. Scientific name Common name. Family Used part Type of effect 5 Osimum basilicum Sweet basil lamiaceae,. Leaf Antihyper-glycemic,antihyper-lepedemic. 6 Psidium guajava L. Guava Myrtaceae Leaf Antihyper-glycemic 7 Rubus frcticosis L. Black berry Rosaceae Leaf Antihyper-glycemic and hypoglycemic. 8 Trigonella foenum graecum Fenugreek Leguminosae Seed Antihyper-glycolic, hypoglycemic and alpha-amylase inhibitor. 9 Zingiber officinale. Ginger Zingiberaceae Rhizome Hypoglycemic

16. Antidiabetic Herbal Drugs and Polyherbal Formulation Used for Diabetes Aloe vera and Aloe barbadensis Mangifera indica (mango) Tinospora cardifolia (guduchi ) Barbaloin emodin Maintains glucose homeostasis by controlling the carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme Insulin secretion Catechin mangiferine Tinosporoside T . Cardiofolia root extract to alloxan diabetic rats, resulted a significant reduction in blood glucose Healing in diabetes

17. Formulated herbal drugs with anti-diabetic properties Drug Company Ingredients Diabecon Himalaya Gymnema sylvestre, Pterocarpus marsupium, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Casearia esculenta, Syzygium cumini, Asparagus racemosus, Boerhavia diffusa, Sphaeranthus indicus, Tinospora cordifolia, Swertia chirata, Tribulus terrestris, Phyllanthus amarus, Gmelina arborea, Gossypium herbaceum, Berberis aristata, Aloe vera, Triphala, Commiphora wightii , shilajeet, Momordica charantia, Piper nigrum, Ocimum sanctum, Abutilon indicum, Curcuma longa, Rumex maritimus Diasulin Himalaya Cassia auriculata, Coccinia indica, Curcuma longa, Emblica officinalis, Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, Scoparia dulcis, Syzygium cumini, Tinospora cordifolia, Trigonella foenum graecum

18. Diabecon tablets Some examples of marketed natural drugs Diasulin injection

19. References Pharmacophore (An International Research Journal) Review Article ANTIDIABETIC HERBAL DRUGS A REVIEW Vol. 3 (1), 18-29 . Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry 2014 “A review on medicinal plants with antidiabetic activity ; pg. no; (4): 149-159. World Health organization. Prevention of diabetes mellitus. Report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva: World Health organization; 1994. no. 844. Ashtanga hrdaya, prof-KR Srikantha murthy, krishnadal academy, varanasi, 2 nd edition-1994.

20. The journal of phytopharmacology 2013;2(3):44-51, ISSN 2230-480X, A Review:-Antidiabetic herbal drugs & Polyherbal formulation used for diabetes . International journal of pharmtech research CODEN(USA);IJPRIF ISSN;0974-4304 vol-2 ,no 3.pp 1883-1892,july-sept2010 ,A REVIEW-herbal medicines for diabetes mellitus . Journal of applied pharmaceutical science 01(06);2011;235-237: a review on herbal antidiabetic drugs.

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