HERBS AS A RAW MATERIALS

HERBS AS A RAW MATERIAL

1. HERBSAS
RAW
MATERIALS
S.Selvadurai.,M.Pharm.,MBA.,
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacognosy
[email protected]
Mobile:[phone]

3. DEFINITIONOFHERB
Thetermherbisderivedfrom
LatinwordHerbaandoldFrench
wordHerbe.
Herbcanbedefindas“anyplant
whichleaves,stem,flowers,roots
andseeds:usedfordifferent
purposelikefood,medicine,
flavoring,perfume”.

4. Botanically,herbisanyseed-
bearingplantwhichdoesnot
haveawoodystemanddies
downtothegroundafter
floweringorcompletionoflife
cycle.
DEFINITIONOFHERB

5. HERBALMEDICINE
Herbalmedicine,alsocalledbotanical
medicineorPhytomedicine,arethe
remediesandmadefromplantsto
preventandtreatanillnessorto
achievegoodhealth.
Herbalmedicinesareaccessible,
affordableandassuredsafety.
Theglobalmarketofherbalmedicines
isincreasingduetoitsassured
benefits.

6. GLOBALMARKETOFHERBALMEDICINES
Herbal
medicine
Growth
ccessible
ffordable
ssuredSafetyA
62 billion $
2005
5 trillion $ 2020

7. HERBALMEDICINALPRODUCT
Thesearemedicinalproductswhich
exclusivelycontainsoneormore
herbalsubstances asactive
ingredientsoroneormoreherbal
preparations,oroneormoresuch
herbalsubstancesincombination
withoneormoresuchherbal
preparations

8. Herbalmaterialsareeitherwhole
plantsorpartsofmedicinalplantsin
thecrudestatewhichincludeherbs,
freshjuice,gums,fixedoils,essential
oils,resinsanddrypowdersofherbs.
Thesematerialsmaybeprocessedby
variouslocalprocedures,suchas
steaming,roasting,orstirbakingwith
honey,alcoholicbeveragesorother
materials.
HERBALMEDICINALPRODUCT

9. HERBALDRUGPREPARATIONS
Herbalpreparationsarethebasisforfinished
herbalproductsandmanyincludecomminuted
orpowderedherbalmaterials,orextracts,
tincturesandfattyoils,expressedjuicesand
processedexudatesofherbalmaterials.
Theareproducedwiththeaidofextraction,
distillation,expression, fractionation,
purification,concentration,fermentaion,orother
physicalorbiologicalprocess.
Theyalsoincludepreparationsmadebysteeping
orheatingherbalmaterialsinalcoholic
beveragesand/orhoney,orinothermaterials.

10. Classification of Herbal medicine

11. CATEGORIZATIONOFHERBALMEDICINE

12. SOURCESOFHERBALDRUGS
S.No Source Significance Examples
01 Plant
Most important source of
drugs, widely available, large
structural diversity,
sustainable, renewable, cost
effective source.
Digitalis, Cinchona,Aloe,
Rauwolfia, etc…
02 Animal
Provides many important
drugs, enzymes from ancient
time.
Honey, beeswax, cod liver
oil, gelatinetc..
03 Marine
Huge sources of many
potential drugs.
Agar, algae, Antibiotics
04 Minerals
Naturally occuringminerals,
salts, oxides are usedas
medicine from ancient time.
Zinc oxide, calamine,
Bhasma,etc.,
05 Micro-organism
Now-a-days lot of new drugs
are discovered from micro-
organisms
Antibiotics, Enzymes,
vitamins
06 Modern approaches
Plant tissue culture,
biotechnological approches.
Insulin, hormones,
secondary metabolites

13. SELECTIONOFHERBALMATERIAL
AccordingtoWHOdata,morethan85%ofworld
populationisdirectlyorindirectlyusingplant
basedmedicines.
Onthisbackground,itisveryimportanttoselect
rightplantmaterialfordevelopmentofherbal
drug.
Selectionofplantcanbedonebyvarious
approacheslike
Randomized approach
Ecological approach
Chemo systemic approach
Ethano botanical(traditional knowledge
based) approach.

14. IDENTIFICATIONANDAUTHENTICATION OFHERBAL
DRUGS
Identificationofherbalmaterialis
combinationofartandscience.
Correctbotanicalidentificationofdrugis
veryimportantforgoodqualityoffinished
product.
Ifthestartingrawmaterialisnotoriginalor
goodquality,thenfinishedproductquality
cannotbeguaranteed.
Substitution or adulterationwith
morphologicallyorchemicallysimilarplant
isbecomingcommon isherbaldrug
industry.

15. Identification of herb can be done by different ways.
Taxonomic method
Herbarium voucher sample
Macroscopic method
Microscopic method
Physicochemical method
Chromatographic methods
Spectroscopic methods
Molecular markers
Immuno assays

16. PROCESSINGOFHERBALRAW
MATERIALS
Collection of crude drugs
Harvesting of crude drugs
Dressing/garbling of crude
drugs
Drying of crude drugs
Packaging of crude drugs
Storage of crude drugs