HINDU ARCHITECTURE.pptx

ARCHITECTURE DURING HINDU PERIOD

1. HINDU ARCHITECTURE BY: KIRTI GARG

2. INTRODUCTION ARCHITECTURE [STHAPATYA] IS CLASSIFIED AS ONE OF THE CRAFTS[SILPA] AND WAS FIRST PASSED DOWN TO MANKIND BY VISVAKARMAN,THE FAMOUS DEMIGOD BUILDER OF THE UNIVERSE. INDIAN ARCHITECTURE HAS BEEN INFLUENCED BY FOREIGN INVADERS INCLUDING GREEKS,BACTRICIUS, PARTHIANS,KUSHANS AND SAKAS.

3. ANCIENT BUILDINGS THE LOWER CLASSES LIVED IN GRAMAS CONSISTING OF THATCHED HUTS MADE OF EARTH,STUCCO AND REED. THE UPPER CLASSES LIVED IN WOODEN STRUCTURES BUILT BY THE WELL HOUNERED CLASS OF CARPENTER ARCHITECTS. EVERY HOUSE HAD A SMALL SACRED AREA CALLED THE AGNISHALA ,WHERE THE DAILY RITES ARE PERFORMED. THE KUTIA WERE MADE OF TWISTED TWIGS INTERWOVEN WITH STRIPS OF PALM-LEAVES FIXED ON BAMBOO UPRIGHTS AND PLASTERED WITH MUD AND COW-DUNG.

4. STYLES OF HINDU ARCHITECTURE DRAVIDIAN STYLE- THIS STYLE IS FOUND IN THE TEMPLES OF KRISHNA RIVER AND CAPE COMORIN. GOPURAM STYLE- IN THIS TYPE OF STYLE THE ROOF CONTAINS A VAULTED OCTAGONAL OR DOMICAL STRUCTURE. NAGARA STYLE- THIS STYLE FOUND BETWEEN THE VINDHYAS AND HIMALAYAS.

5. THE EVOLUTION OF THE TEMPLES INDIA’S HINDU ARCHITECTURE IS DEVELOPED FROM THE CREATIVITY OF STHAPATHIS AND SHILPIS . BOTH OF THESE COMMUNITY BELONGS TO THE LARGER COMMUNITY OF CRAFTMEN AND ARTISANS CALLED VISHWAKARMA {CASTE}. ALL THE HINDU TEMPLES IN INDIA FOLLOWS THE ARCHITECTURE DEFINED IN SHILPA SHASTRAS . HOWEVER THERE ARE ARTISTIC VARIATIONS IN TERMS OF CONSTRUCTION OF SHIKARA DEMANDING ON REGIONAL CULTURE.

6. COMPONENTS OF TEMPLES VIMANA :- VIMANA REFERS TO THE DOME LIKE STRUCTURE ABOVE THE GARBHA GRIHA. IT IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF A TEMPLE . GOPURAM :- GOPURAM IS THE HUGE TOWER AT THE ENTRANCE OF A TEMPLE. IT SERVES AS THE GATEWAY TO THE TEMPLE COMPLEX. GARBHAGRIHA : - GARBHAGRIHA REFERS TO THE INNERMOST SHRINE(SANNIDHI) OR ROOM OF A TEMPLE, WHERE THE IDOL OF THE MAIN DEITY IS KEPT. IT IS ROUGH EQUIVALENT TO A SANCTUM SANCTORUM.

7. COMPONENTS OF TEMPLES VIMANA AND GOPURAM GARBHAGRIHA

8. COMPONENTS OF TEMPLES ANTARALA :- ANTARALA IS A TRANSITIONAL SPACE BETWEEN A TEMPLE'S MAIN HALL AND THE GARBHA GRIHA. SHIKHARA :- SHIKHARA REFERS TO THE RISING TOWER IN A TEMPLE. IT IS EQUIVALENT TO VIMANA. THERE ARE 3 MAJOR STYLES OF SHIKHARA. MANDAPA :- MANDAPAM IS A PORCH-LIKE STRUCTURE THROUGH THE GOPURAM AND LEADING TO THE TEMPLE. IN GENERAL, IT IS A PILLARED OUTDOOR HALL.

9. COMPONENTS OF TEMPLES ANTARALA AND MANDAPA SHIKARA

10. THANK YOU