HIST-10-PRELIM. The Life and Works of Rizal

The Life and Works of Rizal

20. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain the history of the Rizal Law and its
important provisions
Discuss Jose Rizal in the context of the 19th century
in the Philippines.
Analyze Rizal’s work and novels, particularly the
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

21. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Organize Rizal ideas into various theme.
Demonstrate a critical reading of primary sources
and secondary sources.

22. Interpret the values that can be derived from studying
Rizal’s life and work.
Display an appreciation for education and love of
county.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

26. THE LIFE
AND WORKS
OF
HISTORY 10
RIZAL

27. INTRODUCTION
TO THE COURSE
CHAPTER 1

28. OBJECTIVES
Identify the basic concept and importance of the
Rizal Law
Examine the factors that led to the controversies
in the implementation of the Rizal Law.

29. LAWS ON RIZAL
CHAPTER 1.1
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

30. Dr. Jose Rizal

31. Nganong kinahanglan man nato
studyhan ang kinabuhi ni Rizal?

32. RA 1425
RIZAL LAW

33. RIZAL LAW
An act to include in the curricula of
all public and private schools,
colleges, and universities courses
on the life, works, and writings of
Jose Rizal, particularly his novels
Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, authorizing the
printing and distribution, and for
other purposes.

34. PROVISIONS OF RIZAL LAW
Section 1
(a)Life, Works, and Writings of Rizal, particularly
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall
be included in the curricula of all schools,
colleges, and universities, public or private.

35. PROVISIONS OF RIZAL LAW
Section 1
(b) Provided, that in collegiate courses, the
original or unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo of their English
Translation shall be used as basic texts.

36. PROVISIONS OF RIZAL LAW
Section 2
(a) It shall be obligatory on all schools, colleges, and
universities to keep in their libraries an adequate
number of copies of the original and unexpurgated
editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo,
as well as of Rizal’s other works and biography.

37. PROVISIONS OF RIZAL LAW
Section 3
The Board of National Education shall cause the
translation of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo,
as well as other writings of Jose Rizal into English,
Tagalog, and the principal dialects; cause them to be
printed in cheap, popular editions, and cause them to be
distributed, free of charge, to persons desiring to read
them, through Purok organization and Barrio councils.

38. CLARO M. RECTO
Author of the Bill

39. JOSE P. LAUREL
Sponsor of the Bill

40. CONTROVERSIES
ON THE PASSING
OF RIZAL LAW
CHAPTER 1.2
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

41. OPPOSITION OF THE CHURCH
In general, the Philippine Church strongly opposed
due to the following reasons:
(1) Shows open criticism against the church
(2) In the compulsory teaching of the unexpurgated
versions of Rizal’s Noli and El Fili, a teacher would
have the tendency to discuss – or worse, to criticize
– certain Church doctrines

42. OPPOSITION OF THE CHURCH
In general, the Philippine Church strongly opposed
due to the following reasons:
(3) The inevitable criticism of Church doctrines might
lead to the jeopardy of the faith of people or
“endangered salvation”

43. The bill was enacted on
June 12, 1956, with the decision
of the Chairman of the
Committee of Education to
make adjustments, only allowing
only college (university)
students would have the
option of reading
unexpurgated versions of
clerically contested reading
materials

44. ACTIVITY
VIDEO PODCAST
The students will create a video
podcast where they will discuss the
issues and debate that arose during the
implementation of Rizal law in 1956

45. 19
th
CENTURY
AS RIZAL’S CONTENT
CHAPTER 2
PHILIPPINES

46. OBJECTIVES
Analyze the various social, political, economic,
and cultural changes that occurred in the 19th
century.
Enumerate the significant problems that were
experienced by the Filipinos during Rizal’s time.

47. ECONOMIC
ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 2.1
19
TH
CENTURY PHILIPPINES AS RIZAL’S CONTENT

48. 19
th
CENTURY

49. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN

50. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN

51. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN
ACTIVE TRADING

52. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN

53. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN

54. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN
Amoa ni
tanan!!!

55. 1521
PHILIPPINES IN
ACTIVE TRADING

56. The Spain restricted the Philippines into trading with
different countries except…
MEXICO

57. MANILA-ACAPULCO
GALLEON TRADE

58. Economy of Spain:

59. Economy of Spain:
At the end of 18
th
century,
the Spain slowly loses its power

60. Political Revolution has began in this period.

61. At the same time, Industrial Revolution
came to existence

63. Due to prevalence of Industrial
Revolution, the Philippines became a
supplier of raw materials for the
industries of the West by using its
underutilized land to invest in
cash crop agriculture

64. The British, Dutch, and American
trading companies invested a large
capital in the Philippines for the
large-scale production of different
products, such as tobacco and sugar

65. Chinese Middlemen
Poor Native Filipinos
Rich Native Filipinos

66. Chinese Middlemen
Poor Native Filipinos
Rich Native Filipinos

67. Rich Native Filipinos became
tenants of the land and are called
Inquilones.

68. What does the Inquilonesdo?
They oversee the production of cash
crops by subleasing large estates or
haciendas from friars and then
subletting them to poor native
Filipinos or farmers.

69. What does it have
to do with Rizal?
Unsay connect nako
diha???

70. The rapid increase of economic progress in the
Philippines during the 19
th
century due to influence of
Industrial Revolution resulted to the rise of rich and
influential Filipino middle class

71. This made the Inquilino class wealthy, which include the
Rizal patriarch, the family Mercado.

72. This made the Inquilino class
wealthy, which include the Rizal
patriarch, the family Mercado.

73. Thus, this status symbol gave Jose Rizal and his siblings
the privilege to afford education and study abroad

74. SOCIAL
STRUCTURE
CHAPTER 2.2
19
TH
CENTURY PHILIPPINES AS RIZAL’S CONTENT

75. Highest Class
(Spanish
Officials,
Peninsulares,
Insulares, Friars)
Middle Class
(Spanish Mestizo, Chinese
Mestizos, Criollos,
Principallia)
Lowest Class
(Indios or native or the
masses)

76. HIGHEST CLASS
1.Spanish Official –
Peninsulares and Insulares who have
official government designation
starting from the Governor-General.

77. HIGHEST CLASS
2. Peninsulares –
Peninsulares and Insulares who have
official government designation
starting from the Governor-General.

78. HIGHEST CLASS
3. Insulares –
Spaniards who were born in
Philippines. They are considered
inferior Spaniards compared to those
who were born in Spain.

79. HIGHEST CLASS
4. Friars –
Members of certain religious orders
of men, especially the four religious
orders (Augustinians, Carmelites,
Dominicans, and Franciscans).

80. MIDDLE CLASS
1.Spanish Mestizo –
are of mixed Spanish and Indigenous
Filipino ancestry.

81. MIDDLE CLASS
2. Chinese Mestizo –
are mixed Chinese and Indigenous
Filipino ancestry.

82. MIDDLE CLASS
3. Criollos –
A person of mixed European and black descent,
especially in the Carribean. Originally, the term
creole was derived from Portuguese crioulo. It
meant then, a white man of European descent,
born and raised in a tropical semi tropical colony.

83. MIDDLE CLASS
4. Principallia –
Ruling class of native elites:
gobernadorcillos, cabeza de
barangay, landowner, wealthy native
families.

84. LOWEST CLASS
1.Poor Filipinos/Indios –
The Indios are the poor natives or
poor people having pure Filipino
blood.

85. EDUCATIONAL
ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 2.3
19
TH
CENTURY PHILIPPINES AS RIZAL’S CONTENT

86. SPANISH COLONIAL AIMS
IN THE 19
TH
CENTURY
Promotion of Christianity
Promotion of Spanish Language
Imposition of Spanish Culture

87. SPANISH COLONIAL
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Curriculum was
formal, organized,
and religion-
oriented
Spanish
missionaries were
the teachers or
tutors
What were taught:
Christian doctrine,
prayers, and sacred
songs.
3R’s were only
given to brighter
pupils
Teach catechism to
the natives
Study of the
Spanish language
was compulsory
Education was
considered a
privilege, not a
right
Education for the
elite was controlled
by the friars

88. EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863

89. EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863
There should be at least one primary school for
boys and girls in each town.

90. EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863
Provided establishment of normal school for male
teachers under the supervision of the Jesuits.

91. EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863
The Spanish schools started accepting
Filipino students

92. THE CURRICULUM
REQUIRED THE STUDY OF:
Christian Doctrine
Values
History
Reading and Writing in Spanish
(steno)

93. THE CURRICULUM
REQUIRED THE STUDY OF:
Mathematics
Agriculture
Etiquette
Singing

94. THE CURRICULUM
REQUIRED THE STUDY OF:
World Geography
Spanish History

95. Illustrados – Highly Educated Filipinos,
“the enlightened ones”

96. GOVERNANCE
& POLITICAL
STRUCTURE
CHAPTER 2.4
19
TH
CENTURY PHILIPPINES AS RIZAL’S CONTENT

97. National Government
Provincial Government
City Government
Local Government

98. National Government

100. GOVERNOR -GENERAL

101. GOVERNOR -GENERAL
Residencia
Visita
Real Audiencia
Investigate the
Governor-General
in case of abuses

102. RESIDENCIA
Special judicial court
that investigates the
performance of a
Governor-General
who was about to be
replaces
VISITA
Sent by the Council
of the Indies to
observe the
conditions in the
colony. They report
their findings directly
to the king.
REAL
AUDIENCIA
Highest court in the
land during the
Spanish time
(Supreme Court in
present days)

103. ALCADIA CORRIGIMIENTO
Provincial Government
Both are led by Alcade-Mayor

104. City Government
AYUNTAMIENTO
Led by Alcade

105. BARRIOS
(BARANGAYS)
Led by Cabeza de
Barangay
PUEBLOS (TOWNS)
Led by
Gobernadorcillo
Municipal Government

106. ACTIVITY
COLLABORATIVE NEWS REPORT
Direction: There will be group
assignments in the class. Each group
will present the given topic in light of
Philippine history in the 19th century.

107. RIZAL’S LIFE:
FAMILY, CHILDHOOD,
& EARLY EDUCATION
CHAPTER 3

108. OBJECTIVES
Analyze Rizal’s origin, childhood and early
education.
Evaluate Rizal’s life with the influence of his
socializing agents and other significant events.

110. THE MERCADO -
RIZAL FAMILY
CHAPTER 3.1
RIZAL’S LIFE: FAMILY, CHILDHOOD, & EARLY EDUCATION

111. SaturninaPaciano Narcisa Olympia Lucia Maria
Jose Concepcion Josefa Trinidad Soledad

112. FRANCISCO RIZAL
MERCADO
Rizal’s Father and a
patrilineal descendant of
Domingo Lamco.
•Chinese Immigrant who moved to
Manila in 1690.
•To steer clear of the anti-Chinese
hostility of the Spanish authorities,
Lam-co changed the family surname to
the Spanish Mercado (“market”), which
also signified their merchant roots.

113. TEODORA ALONSO
REALONDA
Rizal’s Mother whose
family is believed to be
descendants of
Lakandula, who is the
last King of Tondo.

114. TEODORA ALONSO
REALONDA
Materially, socially, and
professionally, the family of
Teodora Alonso was better off
than the family of her husband.
In those days when professionals
were few, the Alonso clan could
boast of a number of lawyers,
priests, engineers and
government officials.

115. Nickname: Neneng
It was Doña Saturnina who
published Pascual Poblete’s
translation in Tagalog
language of the Noli Me
Tangere in 1909.
SATURNINA

116. PACIANO
•Only brother and confidant of
José Rizal and the second child.
He became as a second father to
Jose Rizal.
•It was his idea to send Jose to
continue his studies in Spain.

117. NARCISA
Nickname: Sisa
•A teacher and musician from
Morong, Rizal.
•Narcisa was very close to
Rizal and could recite all of
Rizal’s poems from memory.

118. OLYMPIA
Nickname: Ypia
Jose loved to tease her, sometimes
good-humoredly describing her as
his stout sister. Jose’s first love,
Segunda Katigbak, was Olympia’s
schoolmate at the La Concordia
College

119. LUCIA
One important fact to know is
that Lucia’s daughter, Delfina,
was the first wife of Gen.
Salvador Natividad and Delfina
helped Marcela Agoncillo to
make the first Philippine flag in
Hong Kong.

120. MARIA
It was to her whom Jose
talked about wanting to marry
Josephine Bracken when the
majority of the Rizal family
was apparently not amenable
to the idea.

121. JOSE
Nickname: Pepe
During his exile in Dapitan he lived
together with Josephine Bracken, an Irish
girl from Hong-Kong. They had a son
with her but their baby son died a few
hours after birth. Rizal named him
Francisco after his father and buried him
in Dapitan.

122. CONCEPCION
Nickname: Concha
Concepcion did not live long
to see Rizal’s martyrdom. She
died early at the age of three

123. JOSEFA
Nickname: Panggoy
After Jose’s martyrdom, the epileptic
Josefa joined the Katipunan and was even
said to have been elected the president of
its women section. She was one of the
original 29 women admitted to the
Katipunan along with Gregoria de Jesus,
wife of Andres Bonifacio.

124. TRINIDAD
Like Josefa, Trinidad also
became a member of the
Katipunan and died a spinster,
as well. Rizal’s elegy, Mi
Ultimo Adios, was in the
safekeeping of Trinidad

125. SOLEDAD
Nickname: Choleng
She was married to Pantaleon
Quintero. She was a teacher
and was considered as the best
educated among the sisters of
Rizal

126. HOW RIZAL GOT
HIS SURNAME?
CHAPTER 3.2
RIZAL’S LIFE: FAMILY, CHILDHOOD, & EARLY EDUCATION

127. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda

128. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)

129. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
From Gervacio Protacio which come
from a Christian Calendar

130. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
From Gervacio P. which come from a
Christian Calendar
From the word “Ricial” in
Spanish means “a green field
ready for harvest.”

131. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
From Gervacio P. which come from a
Christian Calendar
From the word “Ricial” in
Spanish means “a green field
ready for harvest.”
Adopted in 1731 by Domingo
Lamco (the paternal great-
great grandfather of Jose
Rizal) which the Spanish
term Mercado means
“market” in English

132. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
From Gervacio P. which come from a
Christian Calendar
From the word “Ricial” in
Spanish means “a green field
ready for harvest.”
Adopted in 1731 by Domingo
Lamco (the paternal great-
great grandfather of Jose
Rizal) which the Spanish
term Mercado means
“market” in English
Old surname of
his mother

133. Jose Protacio Rizal
Mercado Y Alonzo
Realonda
Chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
From Gervacio P. which come from a
Christian Calendar
From the word “Ricial” in
Spanish means “a green field
ready for harvest.”
Adopted in 1731 by Domingo
Lamco (the paternal great-
great grandfather of Jose
Rizal) which the Spanish
term Mercado means
“market” in English
Old surname of
his mother
It was used by Doña Teodora from
the surname of her godmother
based on the culture that time

134. RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD
& EARLY EDUCATION
CHAPTER 3.3
RIZAL’S LIFE: FAMILY, CHILDHOOD, & EARLY EDUCATION

135. On June 22, 1861 (3 days after birth), Rizal was christened
at the catholic of Calamba by the parish priest Rev. Ruffino
Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the sponsor (ninong)
1861

136. During the Christening ceremony, the priest was
impressed by the baby’s big head. With this
physical feature, they predicted that Rizal will
become a great man someday.
1861

137. 1864
Barely 3 years old, Rizal learned
the alphabet from his mother
A-BA-KA-DA…

138. 1865
When he was four years old, his sister Concha
died at the age of three. It was on occasion that
Rizal remembered having shed real tears for the
first time

139. 1865 - 1867
During this time, his mother taught
him to read and write.

140. 1865 - 1867
His father hired his former
classmate named “Leon Monroy”
who, for five months, taught Rizal
Latin language, until his death.

141. 1865 - 1867
INFLUENCE ON RIZAL’S BOYHOOD
Tio Manuel
Uncle Manuel was a big,
strong, and husky man. He
looked after the physical
training of his sickly and
weak nephew. He
encourage Rizal to learn
swimming, fencing,
wrestling, and other sports,
so that in later years Rizal’s
frail body acquired agility,
endurance, and strength.
Tio Gregorio
Uncle Gregorio was a
lover of books. He
instilled into the mind
of his nephew a great
love for books. He
taught him to work
hard, to think for
himself, and to
observe life keenly.

142. 1870
His brother Paciano
brought him to Biñan,
Laguna. He was
placed under the
tutelage of Justiniano
Aquino Cruz, studying
Latin and Spanish.

143. His mother was imprisoned in Sta. Cruz, Laguna for allegedly
poisoning the wife of her cousin Jose Alberto.
1871

144. 1872
Rizal first heard the word
“Filibustero”. He also witnessed the
execution of the three martyred priest
- GomBurZa

145. 1872
Enrolled in Ateneo Municipal de
Manila (now Ateneo de Manila), then
a public school, as a scholar

146. Took entrance
examination in Colegio
de San Juan de Letran
but his father decided to
enroll him in Ateneo
Municipal de Manila
(1872)

147. •Went to Ateneo but refused by Fr.
Magin Ferrando because of being late in
registration and his size
•But finally enrolled through Fr. Manuel
Xeres Burgos
•He started to use the surname “Rizal”

148. •Enrolled the course “Bachelor of Arts”
(High school) in Ateneo
•During that time, “Jesuit System of
Education” was divided in two groups:
“Romans” (boarders) and
“Carthaginians” (non-boarders)

149. RANKING OF ATENEAN EMPIRES
Emperor
Tribune
Decurion
Centurion
Standard-Bearer

150. Rizal became the
class “Emperor” of
Carthaginians

151. •He became the brightest pupil in the
whole class and was awarded with
prize.
•In order to improve his Spanish
speaking skills, he took private lessons
in Colegio de Santa Isabel during noon
breaks with the amount of three pesos.

152. At the end of his first year in Ateneo,
with all his grades marked as
“Sobresaliente,” but he placed
second (because of some remarks
from his professors on the second half
of the school year).

153. He mastered 22 languages
like Arabic, German,
French, Latin, Russian etc.

154. • On his third year in Ateneo (1874-
1875) he only won one medal in
Latin but all his grades were in
excellent.

155. •On his fourth year (1875-
1876), he became a Roman
(Interno) because of the
help of Father Francisco de
Paula Sanchez
•In the end, he won five
medals and excellent
ratings.

156. •His last year (1876-1877) was
truly remarkable as he touted
as “the pride of the Jesuits.”
•On his graduation, he
received highest grades in all
subjects with an award of
being the head of his class
with eight other students.

157. He also made two memorable
sculptures in the university.

158. 1876
At age 15, Rizal received the
Bachelor of Arts (B.A) degree, with
higher honors, from Ateneo Municipal
de Manila.

159. Met his first love,
Segunda Katigbak, a
classmate of his Ate Ypia
but after few months,
decided to separate
because she was already
in “fixed marriage” with
Manuel Luz

160. RIZAL IN
UST
Life and Works of Rizal

161. •Enrolled Philosophy and
Letters in UST (1877-
1878)
•Decided to shift in
medical course in the
same school (UST) as
advised by Father Pablo
Ramon

162. He met the two Leonors
Leonor Valenzuela Leonor Rivera

163. Consequently, Rivera
was convinced by her
family to marry
Charles H. Kipping,
a Steam Engineer in
Dagupan.

164. JOSE’S PERSONAL EXPERIENCES TO
SPANISH ABUSE AND DISCRIMINATION
Encounter with Lieutenant of Guardia Civil
“El Consejo delos Dioses” in Literary Writing
Contest

165. Apart from, Rizal became a
“Champion of Filipino
Students” in UST as they
experienced frequent fights
against arrogant Spanish
students.

166. In 1880, Rizal founded a
secret society of Filipino
UST students called
“Compañerismo” with
his cousin, Galicano
Apacible as his
secretary.

167. JOSE’S UNHAPPY DAYS IN UST
The Dominican professors were hostile to him
The Filipino students were racially discriminated
against by the Spaniards
The method of instruction was obsolete and
repressive.

168. Rizal decided to leave the
university in 1882 in his fourth
year (with 19 finished subjects)
of his medical course because he
could no longer endure the
rampant bigotry, discrimination,
and hostility of Dominican
professors in the university.

169. Paciano readily approved his studying in
Spain as well as his sisters Saturnina and
Lucia and his Uncle Antonio Rivera.

170. ACTIVITY
BIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY
(My Childhood vs. Rizal’s)
Direction: The students will write a
short biographical essay that compares
their early childhood with that of
Rizal’s.

171. RIZAL’S LIFE:
HIGHER EDUCATION
& ABROAD
CHAPTER 4

172. OBJECTIVES
Explain the principle of assimilation advocate by
the Propaganda Movement
Describe the influence of the socio-economic,
educational, and political climate of Europe on
Rizal.

173. OBJECTIVES
Identify Rizal’s views and convictions on social
and political issues.

174. 4 PICS 1 WORD

175. P I R
I A T
W O R
S T M

176. W R
PATRIOTISM

177. C G Y
T R U
R E I
A O G

178. G Y
T
R I
COURAGE

179. EOVY
DONL
FSVG
WROP

180. VY
N
S
W P
GO ODLVEFOR

181. RIZAL’S TRAVEL &
ADVENTURE
CHAPTER 4.1
RIZAL’S LIFE: HIGHER EDUCATION & LIFE ABROAD

182. FIRST
TRAVELTRAVEL
FIRST

183. Quitting in UST, Rizal decided to leave the country
to complete his medical studies in Europe.

184. No one from among the Rizal family
knew of his departure except:
Paciano
Uncle Antonio Saturnina Narcisa

188. Secret Mission in Spain:
1.To make a name for his
realm of journalism
2.To observe and study
European society
3.To prepare himself for
the task of liberating the
Filipinos from Spanish
tyranny.

189. SPANISH
AUTHORITY
DETECTION

196. He arrived in Barcelona on June 16, 1882;
which is after a month and a half of travel

197. Rizal lived a frugal life in Europe,
strictly budgeting both his
(1)money for food, clothing, and
school materials; and
(2) time for his studies and social
life.

198. In 1885, the 24-year old Rizal went to
Paris, France to pursue his career as
an ophthalmologist.

199. Dr. Louis de Wecker Dr. Otto Becker

200. On November 27, 1878, Rizal told Enrique Lete that he “learned
the solfeggio, the piano, and voice culture in one month and a half”

201. On November 27, 1878, Rizal told Enrique Lete that he “learned
the solfeggio, the piano, and voice culture in one month and a half”

202. He also wrote a patriotic song called Alin Mang Lahi (Any Race)

203. Wilhemsfeld, Germany

204. Karl Ulmer
Wilhemsfeld, Germany

205. Rizal appreciated the religious tolerance of people in Wilhemsfeld.
He observed Pastor Karl Ulmer being able to get along well with
the Catholic priest in the area.

206. Ferdinand
Blumentritt
While studying in
Germany, Rizal heard
of an Austrian scholar
who is interested in
ethnology and
languages of the
Philippines.

207. Ferdinand
Blumentritt
Rizal was eager to share
his knowledge about his
motherland with the
curious Austrian scholar.
Upon learning that
Blumentritt was studying
Tagalog language, Rizal
sent him a letter.

210. Rizal and
Blumentritt
became close
friends, and they
corresponded
regularly for
many years

211. Leipzig, Germany

212. Rizal attended lectures given by
the German professors in history
and psychology

214. Anthropological Society
Rizal became a member of
following societies in Berlin
Ethnological Society
Geographical Society

215. Although Rizal was
exposed to a lot of
enriching experiences in
Berlin, there was a time that
he found himself penniless

216. In order to eat, he
had to pawn the
diamond ring given
by his sister
Saturnina and sell
his books to second-
hand book stores.

217. Without proper nutrition, he got sick
with cough and colds and even signs of
tuberculosis.

218. “I did not believe that Noli Me
Tangere would ever be
published. I was in Berlin,
heartbroken, weakened, and
discouraged from hunger and
deprivation. I was on the point
of throwing my work into the
fire as the thing accursed and
fit only to die”

219. Maximo Viola

220. Maximo Viola
When he learned of Rizal’s troubles, he lent him money for
allowance and 300 pesos for the printing of Noli Me Tangere

221. In 1887, two thousand copies of Noli Me Tangere were produced and
distributed to Filipinos in Europe, including Dr. Blumentritt.

222. BACK TO
PHILIPPINES
BACK TO
PHILIPPINES

223. Rizal was determined to come back to the Philippines for the
following reasons
To operate his
mother’s eye
To serve his
people who had
long been
oppressed by
Spanish tyrants
To find out for
himself how the
Noli Me Tangere
and his other
writings were
affecting Filipinos
and Spaniards
to inquire why
Leonor Rivera
remained silent.

224. AUG 1887
Homecoming and Return to Calamba
Rizal is a
German Spy
Rizal is an agent of Otto
Von Bismarck
Rizal became
Protestant
Rizal is a
mason
Rizal’s soul is halfway
to the damnation!!

225. Akong bahala sayo
brother…
Wag kang lalabas
mag isa, Pepe.
Paciano did not leave him during the first days after arrival to protect him from any enemy
assault while Francisco did not permit him to go out alone.

226. Rizal establish a medical clinic
and his first patient was his
mother—Doña Teodora

227. Rizal treated her eyes but could not perform any surgical
operation because her cataracts we're not yet ripe

228. Dr. ULIMAN
He earned P900 pesos in a
few months
and P5,000 before he left
the Philippines

230. Rizal tried to visit Leonor Rivera in Dagupan but his parents forbade him to
go because Leonor’s mother did not like him for a son-in-law

231. Rizal was summoned to visit in Malacañang Palace by Governor
General Emilio Terrero to discuss about the content of his novel.

232. Being a liberal minded Spanish official, Tererro found nothing
wrong with Rizal’s novel.

233. However, Tererro knew that Rizal’s life would be at risk due to the
power of friars, who were at that time was already after his novel.

234. Because of this, he assigned Lieutenant Jose Taviel de Andrade
as Rizal’s bodyguard to protect him

235. Because of the interest of
both enemies and
protectors of the Noli,
the price of the book
increased from five pesetas
per copy to 50 pesetas per
copy.

236. AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA

237. Governor-General Emilio Terrero ordered a government
investigation to agrarian problems in Calamba
Hmmmm…

238. Upon hearing about the investigation, the people of Calamba asked helped
from Rizal to gather facts and list the grievances so that the government might
institute certain agrarian reforms

239. Rizal, after thorough study of the conditions in Calamba, wrote down the
findings which the tenants and three officials signed on January 8, 1888.

240. The hacienda of the
Dominican Order
comprised not only
the lands around
Calamba, but the
whole town of
Calamba.
Amoa ni te!
AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA - FINDINGS

241. The profits of the
Dominican Order
continually increased
because of the
arbitrary increase of
the rentals paid by the
tenants.
AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA - FINDINGS

242. Tenants who spent
much labor in
clearing the lands
were dispossessed of
the said lands for
flimsy reasons
AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA - FINDINGS

243. High rates of interest
were arbitrarily
charged the tenants
for delayed payment
of rentals
interest
AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA - FINDINGS

244. When the rentals
could not be paid, the
hacienda management
confiscated the work
animals, tools, and
farm implements of
the tenants
AGRARIAN PROBLEM IN CALAMBA - FINDINGS

245. Rizal’s exposure to the
deplorable condition
angered the friars

246. Anonymous threats in
Rizal’s life alarmed his
parents, siblings, Andrade
his bodyguard, friends,
and even Terrero, thus
they all advised him to
leave the country
aguynoy..

247. SECOND
TRAVELTRAVEL
SECOND

249. BORNEO
COLONIZATION
PROJECT

250. WHERE RIZAL
STUDIED.
CHAPTER 4.2
RIZAL’S LIFE: HIGHER EDUCATION & LIFE ABROAD

251. NOV 1882
Unibersidad Central de Madrid
Medicine
Philosophy and Letters

252. Painting
Sculpture
Academy of Fine Arts
of San Fernando

253. NOV 1882
Painting
Sculpture
Academy of Fine Arts
of San Fernando
Fencing
Shooting
Hall of Arms of
Sanz y Carbonell
French Language
German Language
English Language
Also learned:

254. Theatrical Presentation
Music
Ateneo de Madrid
Poetry Recitals

255. Rizal completed his medical
course in Spain. However, he
was not granted with a
Doctor’s Diploma because he
did not pay for the
corresponding fees and he was
not able to present his final
defense

256. Good thing that in Rizal’s
time, a licentiate was enough
to practice medicine

257. On June 19, 1885 (His 24
th

birthday), he was awarded the
degrees of Licentiate in
Philosophy and Letters

258. Rizal was also involved in students demonstration

259. November 20-22, 1884
CENTRAL UNIVERSIDAD DE MADRID

260. November 20-22, 1884
CENTRAL UNIVERSIDAD DE MADRID
Dr. Miguel Morayta

261. FREEMASONRY

262. Rizal’s prime encounter with
Freemasonry occurred when
he was in Spain, where he
made acquaintance of some
liberal and republican
Spaniards who were mostly
Masons.

263. He admired the way these
Masons scrutinized and
criticized the methods of the
government and criticized the
haughty friars, a freedom
which could not be practiced
in the Philippines

264. Eventually, in 1883,Rizal joined the Masonic lodge in
Madrid which was called Acacia.
secure the aid of the Freemasons
in his battle against the abusive
friarsin the Philippines

265. Masons believe that there is one God and that people employ
different ways to seek, and to express what they know of God.

266. Freedom to search for knowledge and share
it in any way you want
Separation of Church and State
No to oppression of the
individual’s drive to excellence
No to religious and racial
discrimination
Masonic Teachings of Rizal

267. On November 15, 1890, Rizal became a Master Mason
in Lodge Solidaridad in Madrid

268. Two years later, he was awarded Master Mason in Paris
by Le Grand Orient de France

269. THE PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT & LA
SOLIDARIDAD
CHAPTER 4.3
RIZAL’S LIFE: HIGHER EDUCATION & LIFE ABROAD

270. PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
A cultural organization formed in 1872 by Filipino
Expatriates (who are mostly composed of
Illustrados) in Europe.

271. LA SOLIDARIDAD
An organization created in Spain. It aimed to
increase Spanish awareness of the needs of its
colony, the Philippines, and to propagate a closer
relationship between the colony and Spain.

272. LA SOLIDARIDAD
Headed by GALICANO APACIBLE
The organization
issued a newspaper
which became a
fortnightly and bi-
weekly newspaper

273. Published the social, cultural, political, and
economic conditions of the colonial Philippines
It featured the speeches of the Spanish
liberals about the Philippines
It served as the principal organ of the
Propaganda Movement to express the goal of
achieving assimilation with Spain.
Publication sponsored by Comite de
Propaganda

274. LA SOLIDARIDAD
Editorship of
The editorship of the newspaper was first offered to
Rizal. However, he refused to accept the offer as he
was prioritizing his annotation of Antonio de Morga’s
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
Dele lang…

275. LA SOLIDARIDAD
Editorship of
Graciano Lopez Jaena was offered the editorship
and he accepted.

276. LA SOLIDARIDAD
Editorship of
In the published letter entitled: “The
aspirations of the Filipinos”, La
Solidaridad pursued its desires for:
Representation in the Cortes
Abolition of Censure
Prohibition of the existing practices of exiling
residents and without a writ of execution from
the courts of justice.

277. LA SOLIDARIDAD
Editorship of
Later on, Marcelo del Pila replaced
Graciano Lopez Jaena for the editorship of
the newspaper. Thus, its aims have
expanded to pursue desires for:
Philippines should become a province of Spain
Representation of Filipino priests instead of
Spanish Friars in parishes and remote sitios
Freedom of assembly and speech
Equal rights before the law

278. After years of publication from 1889 to
1895, the funding of the La Solidaridad
became scarce. Comite de Propaganda’s
contribution to the newspaper stopped and
del Pilar funded the newspaper almost on
his own. Penniless in Spain, del Pilar
stopped the publication on November 15,
1895. In del Pilar’s farewell editorial,
he said:
“We are persuaded that no sacrifices are
too little to win the rights and the liberty of
a nation that is oppressed by slavery”

279. ACTIVITY
TRAVEL
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