Histology (histology of pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid glands)

histology of pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid glands

1. Histology practical 1
(Histology of Pituitary & Thyroid & Parathyroid glands)
By :
Osama Al-Zahrani
@OSAMA_Z96
&
Osama Hassan Al-Ghamdi

2. 1-Pituitary Gland
* Component & Characteristics :
1-Pars Distalis.
2-Pars Intermedia(Corticotrophs).
3-Pars Nervosa.
4-Pituicytes(Neuroglia).
5-NeurosecretoryBodies (Herring Bodies):
A-Oxytocin.
B-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
* Function :
-Anterior Pituitary gland :
Synthesizes and secretes hormones.
-Posterior Pituitary gland :
Store and secretes hormones (Oxytocin & ADH) .
* HistopathologicalLesion :
-Pituitary adenoma.

4. 2-Pars distalis
(Anterior Pituitary gland)
* Component & Characteristics :
1-Blood capillary (Sinusoidal).
2-Chromophobs50%
3-Chromophils50% (50% = 34% Acidophils& 16% Basophils):
4-Acidophils66% : (GH & PRL).
5-Basophils33% :
A-Thyrotrophs: (TSH).
B-Corticotrophs: (ACTH, MSH, Lipotropic LPH)
C-Gonadotrophs: (LH, ICSH, FSH).
* Function :
Synthesizes and secretes hormones.
* HistopathologicalLesion :
-Pituitary adenoma.
Blood Capillary

6. 3-Thyroid Gland & Thyroid follicle
* Component & Characteristics :
1-Capsule.
2-Interfollicularcells.
3-Thyroid follicle :
A-C-cell (Parafollicular) :
-Clear.
-Calcitonin.
-Catecholamines(Epinephrine & Nor-epinephrine).
C-Thyrocytes(Follicular cells)
D-Colloid (Thyroglobulin)
* Function :
1-C-cell :
Produces calcitonin and catecholamines.
2-Follicular cells :
Secretion of T3 & T4
* HistopathologicalLesion :
1-Thyroid adenoma.
2-Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Interfollicularcells
C-cell
Thyrocyte

8. 4-Parathyroid Gland
* Component & Characteristics :
1-Thin capsule.
2-Chief (Principal) cells :
-Parathyroid hormone (PTH).
3-Oxyphilcells (acidophilic) :
-Degenerated chief cells.
-Some Parathyroid hormone (PTH).
4-Colloid (homogeneous gel).
5-Blood vessel.
* Function :
-Regulation of Ca in blood (hypercalcemic).
* HistopathologicalLesion :
-Parathyroid adenoma.
Thin capsule of parathyroid gland