Historia de la ingeniería y sus mayores logros.pptx

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1. Historia de la ingeniería y sus mayores logros Edgar Andres Enríquez Licea

2. EDAD ANTIGUA

3. PRIMER INGENIERO The first recorded engineer was named Imhotep, and he was a builder of the Step Pyramid located at Saqqara , Egypt. It was built for Pharaoh Zoser of the Third Dynasty . Imhotep is believed to have been the first to use columns in architecture . His works date back to approximately 2550 BC.

4. EJEMPLOS DE LA INGUENIERIA EN LA ANTUEDAD There are many examples of ancient architecture that can be mentioned . Among the most notable works are the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Temple of Solomon, the Roman Coliseum and, of course , the aqueducts . Also the Greek Acropolis and Parthenon , the Mesopotamian ziggurats and the structures of the Native Americans, such as the Mayans , Incas or Aztecs.

5. Máquinas However , the Greeks were among the first to use machines for different purposes . First, there was military use in creating weapons . There is also record of the first mechanical computer, known as the Antikythera Mechanism , which dates back to the 2nd or 3rd century BC.

6. EDAD MEDIA

7. Alta Edad Media Although many consider that engineering did not make great progress in the High Middle Ages , the opposite can be said , since at that time, and thanks to the development of Christianity throughout Western civilization , work done by slaves was not well regarded . So, the Catholic religion was what led to the development of techniques that allowed large works to be carried out with fewer personnel . However , there was a period in which the quality and quantity of buildings declined .

8. BAJA EDAD MEDIA In the LATE MIDDLE AGES, the great Gothic cathedrals were built . In addition , due to the constant clashes between Muslims and Catholics , the construction of castles and fortresses became necessary . In Turkey, different advances were made in mechanical engineering , since more than 50 mechanical devices were developed for different purposes , including pumping water to supply the city of Damascus ( under Ottoman rule at the time), especially for mosques and hospitals . declined .

9. RENACIMIENTO En 1445Johannes Gutenberg (c. 1400-1468) created a machine that changed the history of mankind : the printing press . Until then, books were copied by hand in an artisanal way and few had access to it.

10. REVOLUCION INDUSTRIAL A couple of centuries later , the invention that revolutionized all aspects of human life as we knew it until then came along : the steam engine . From then on, a theory that broke new ground began to be exploited , which indicated that heat could be used as energy . The economy of many countries took off thanks to the application of this device , which transformed the thermal energy of water into mechanical energy thanks to a motor. This is how the Industrial Revolution began , since thanks to this machine and its successors , mass production of products and other devices that could take advantage of this energy was possible .

11. Another of humanity's great mechanical developments emerged from that same period : the locomotive . This is how animal and human labour , almost artisanal , was dispensed with, giving way to mass production and a new type of society .

12. Modernidad

13. After the Industrial Revolution , other processes also influenced the history of engineering . For example , the experimentation that intensified from 1816 onwards with the communication system known as the telegraph , which eventually achieved its most stable prototypes after the contributions of Samuel Morse in 1838..

14. This opened the doors to electromagnetic studies that took place during the 19th century . This was one of the most important impulses to separate the study of electrical engineering from the future telecommunications engineering that would come later , given the multiple advances in the area .

15. Contemporáneo

16. During the First and Second World Wars, the use of more sophisticated weapons was the only way to gain an advantage over the enemy and at the same time demonstrate the power, not only military , but also technical and scientific , of the victorious nations . This gave impetus to various fields of engineering , including aeronautics , with the creation of military aircraft , and also in the naval field , thanks to more advanced vessels and submarines .