Historical Presentation on the Columbian Exchange.pptx

A presentation on the Columbian exchange

1. The Columbian Exchange BHP- Unit 8 Expansion

2. What was the Columbian Exchange? Explorers such as Columbus and Cortes journeyed across the Atlantic the they created points of contact between Europe and the Americas Interaction with the Native Americans led to big cultural changes. Began an exchange of physical elements including: A nimals P lants D iseases W eapons I deas

3. Animals Llamas were the only domesticated animals in South America before European arrival. Europeans brought horses, pigs, cattle and sheep They changed the way the land in South America was used to support the new animals and crops that they brought with them.

4. Plants brought from Europe Europeans brought crops that brought a lot of money to those in power to South America. These crops florished in the climates of the Americas. Sugar Rice Wheat C offee and tea B ananas G rapes Onions Citrus

5. Plants from South America Europeans discovered and brought home many crops that became popular in Europe. T omatoes P otatoes T abacco Cocao beans C otton P eanuts Q uinoa Chilli/ Capsicum Beans

6. The Introduction of New Diseases Nearly all of the European diseases were communicable by air and touch. Smallpox, measles, diptheria, whooping cough, chicken pox, bubonic plauge, scarlet fever and influenza were the most common diseases Europeans transmitted to the Native Americans. Because the Native Americans had no immunity to these diseases they died in astronomical numbers from diseases that many Europeans had immunity from. The Europeans thought that the Native Americans were being punished for their ‘barbaric’ practices (eg. Human sacrifice) For a long period it was thought syphillis was brought over to Europe from the Americas.

7. Effects of disease The Native American populations dramatically decreased because they had no immunity to European diseases. Central Mexico – 25 million in 1519 to less than one million in 1605 Hispañola - One million in 1492 to 46,000 in 1512 North America - 90% of Native Americans gone within 100 years of Plymouth landing Europeans needed labor to cultivate new crops in the Americas, but there weren’t many Native Americans left. Europeans began to look to Africa and started to import African slaves to the Americas.

8. Impacts of food exchange in Europe Different Foods Exchange of foods & animals had a dramatic impacts on later societies Over time, crops native to the Americas became staples in the diets of Europeans. These foods provided more nutrition, helping people live longer Until contact with Americas, Europeans had never tried tomatoes--by 1600s, tomatoes were included in Italian cookbooks Economics Activities like cattle ranching and coffee growing would not have been possible without Columbian Exchange Traditional cuisines changed because of Columbian Exchange (Think- Italy without the tomato, Belgium without chocolate…)

9. Effects around the world The Columbian Exchange not only impacted Europe & the Americas, but also… China: The arrival of easy-to-grow, nutritious corn helped the population grow tremendously. Africa: two native crops of Americas, corn and peanuts—still among most widely grown in Africa. Scholars estimate one-third of all food crops grown in the world are of American origin.