Home visiting & urine testing

COMPLETE PROCEDURE ON HOME VISITING AND URINE TESTING

1. HOME VISITING & URINE TESTING PRAMOD KUMAR

2. HOME VISIT It is an evidenced based program, implemented in response to findings from a needs assessment, that includes home visiting and is offered on a voluntary basis to pregnant women and children.

3. Principles:-

4. cont.…

5. Purposes of home visit

6. cont.…..

7. STEPS OF HOME VISIT: A. Fact finding :- The first step during a home visit is to study the clinical and other records to get an understanding of what has been done. This should give a lead to present needs and the community health nurse will be able to build on what has been done.

8. cont.….

9. cont.….

10. B. Examination and analysis: After the collection of facts, the process of examining and analyzing begins. The personal, environmental and economic factors, the emotional involvements and spiritual aspects are taken together that constitute usual health problem . The community health nurse should be able to combine the facts about home condition, signs and symptoms, attitudes and relationships to identify needs and problems which will become the starting point of action . She should also assess the coping ability of the family.

11. C. Planning with the individual & the family:

12. D. Action :- Action depends upon the first three steps. E. Follow-up :- Follow up is one of the most important steps in the home visit. Always plan follow up according to need and time. It helps a community health nurse to evaluate the work. Follow up of persons undergoing treatment in chronic illness is very important.

13. E. Evaluation of services:- Review each family records periodically and answer the questions: What is the immediate problem? What is total problem? List the difficulties and unhelpful factors? List the coping abilities? What has been done about immediate problem? What plans are being made and what action is being taken to deal with the underlying cause of the problem? How can you make effective use of man and material present?

14. Advantages: It permits the nurse to see the home and family situation . Develops feeling of trust and believe among community members . It permits more realistic teaching in the actual situation . Family practices can observe by community health nurse . Other members of the family can be contacted who may have greater influence and control on the members . It also provides opportunity to look for new health problems.

15. Disadvantages: Visits are expensive in terms of time and transport facilities are required Important point to be taken care is that such visits can only be made at times convenient to the client The number of people who can be contacted within a given period is limited Avoid bias: A tendency may develop to visit some families, with whom good relations have been established, more frequently, at the expense of trying to establish better relations with others and, this situation may result in loss of contact with the community as a whole and cause jealousy and resentment amongst some members of it.

16. URINE ANALYSIS

17. Urine analysis : -

18. Purpose : -

19. Articles required:- Container for specimen Benedict solution Acetic acid Test tubes & holder. Kidney tray Paper bag Spirit lamp with spirit Newspaper Matchbox Cotton balls in bowl

20. Procedure : - Select a proper place. Spread the newspaper. Unbutton the bag. Take out the kidney tray and specimen bottle Give the specimen bottle to the client for collecting urine. Take out hand washing articles and wash the hands Take the articles required for the test.

21. Test for sugar : - Pour 5 ml of benedict’s solution in the test tube. Boil it to find out the color change, if no change that shows the purity of benedict’s solution. Add 8 drops of urine into the solution and reheat it; allow it to cool. Observe the color change which indicates the sugar level. Blue : 0% Green : 1% Yellow : 2 % Orange : 3 % Brick red : 5%

22. Test for albumin:- Fill the test tube 3/4 th with urine, check the reaction, if it is alkaline make it acidic. Boil the top portion. If there is cloudy appearance it indicates albumin/phosphate. Add 5 drops of acetic acid & reheat. If cloud still presents it indicates albumin presence and if it disappears it shoes phosphate presence.

23. Termination of articles:- After the procedure it is essential to terminate the articles in a proper manner. After the result, recording & reporting, dispose the urine sample, as well as the liquid from the used test tube. Take the articles to the hand washing area. Wash each article clearly. Put the articles on newspaper for drying up. Wash your hands .