Horticulture introduction - Definition and Branches of Horticulture

What is horticulture?
Definition horticulture?
Branches of horticulture
Classification of horticultural plants
Classification of vegetables

2. •The word horticulture comes from two Latin
words “hortus” and “colere”, which means
garden culture.
Definition:
Horticulture is a branch of agriculture that deals
with certain features involving utilization of
fruits, vegetables, flowers and other plants.

3. Definition continue
•Horticulture is the art, science and practice of
growing and maintaining plants in different
types of environment.
•It involves the propagation, cultivation and
processing of fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices,
ornamental plants and flowers.

4. •Deals with production and processing of fruits,
vegetables, ornamentals plants, spices, herbs
and flowers.
•Horticulture involves intensive cultural
practices where plants or species are usually
given individual attention.

5. •The practice of horticulture is made up of
different disciplines. Each discipline is called a
branch; and each branch performs a specific
set functions.
•There are branches of horticulture that deal
with flowers, seeds, turf and lawns, fruits,
trees, worms, fishes, wines, silk, garden trails
and much more.

6. Branches of Horticulture
Pomology(Fruit culture)
The branch of horticulture, concerned with the
production, harvesting, processing,
preservation, storage and marketing of fruits
and nuts.
Fruits are of different types.
•Succulent and juicy: grapes, oranges, mango,
pineapple.
•Hard and dry type: walnut, cashew nut

7. •Major fruits or widely exploited fruits
•Minor fruits or under exploited fruits

8. Orchards: The farmlands or open field, where fruit tress are grown in large numbers.

9. Olericulture (Vegetable culture)
The science and practice of growing, handling, storing, processing and marketing of vegetables.

10. Floriculture: The science and practice of growing, handling, storing, processing and
marketing of flowers.
• It is commercial cultivation of flowering plants for economically important
flowers.
•Growing of jasmines, rose, chrysanthemum
Example: roses, daffodils tulip, carnation, chrysanthemum, orchid, anthurium.

11. Arboriculture : is the
cultivation, management,
and study of individual trees,
shrubs.
Turf culture and management
includes all aspects of the
production and maintenance of
turf grass for sports or leisure use

12. Ornamental and Landscape Horticulture: The art of designing gardens, establishing lawns,
installing plants and placing ornaments in the landscape.

13. Other Branches of Horticulture
•Seed Production Technology
•Herbs, Spices and Medicinal
•Food and Vegetable Preservation
•Forestry
•Horticultural Therapy
•Viticulture includes the production
and marketing of grapes.
•Oenology includes all aspects of
wine and winemaking.
•Silviculture: is the practice of
controlling the establishment,
growth, composition, health, and
quality of forests to meet diverse
needs and values. The name comes
from the Latin silvi- (forest) +
culture (as in growing)

14. CLASSIFICATION OF HORTICULTURAL PLANTS
The general classification of plants involves three common systems:
1.Namely classification based on seasonal growth cycle
2.Classification based on the kind of the stem
3. Classification based on the stem growth
Examples:
Annuals : Zinnia, Cosmos, Petunia, Ipomea
Biennials: Carrot, onion, sugarbeet
Perennials: woody plants

15. Biennials Perennials
Annuals

16. Based on the type of stem, horticultural plants are classified into herbs,
shrubs, and trees.
a.Herbs: Herbs are small plants with soft, non-woody stems. Many
potted plants, annual bedding plants and vegetables are examples.
b. Shrubs: Shrubs are small woody plants, without main trunk and with
branches arising from the ground level. They are larger than herbs and
smaller than trees.
c. Trees: Trees are large woody plants with a main trunk. Branches
arise from the upper part of the main trunk.

17. Decumbent means lying down

18. Vegetables are often classified based
• On their life cycle
• Edible or economic parts
• and Adaptations

19. 2. Edible or economic parts

20. 3. Classification of vegetable based on
adaptation

22. Ornamental plants fall under two main groups, namely
(1) Herbaceous ornamentals
(2) Woody ornamentals.
Both these may be again divided into flowering ornamentals and non -flowering
ornamentals.