Hospital Pharmacy And Its Organization -Ravinandan A P

Hospital pharmacy is the department, service, or domain in the hospital organization managed under the direction of a professionally competent, legally qualified pharmacist.

1. Hospital Pharmacy And Its Organization Ravinandan A P Doctoral Research Scholar & Assistant Professor & Clinical Pharmacist Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy In association with Siddaganga Hospital & Research Centre Tumkur-02

2. Presentation outlines Definition F unctions of hospital pharmacy Organization structure Location Layout and staff requirements Responsibilities and functions of hospital pharmacists.

3. Learning objectives Upon completion of the chapter, the student shall be able to – Write the definition of hospital pharmacy Describe the various functions of hospital pharmacy Explain the organization structure of a Hospital pharmacy Write the layout of hospital pharmacy Calculate the staff requirements Describe the responsibilities and functions of hospital pharmacists

4. Introduction Dispensing function of pharmacist is very important and vital New role clinical pharmacist and drug consultant Most of the time people seen pharmacists are as simply transferring pills from large bottle to small. Pharmacists are devoted to merchandizing of cosmetics, shaving supplies, stationary and other commodities

5. Supply of drug Filling of special prescriptions Play a role in manufacturing of the drugs Storage and dispensing of narcotic and biological products Supply and storage of ancillary products

6. Is that department in the hospital from where drugs and pharmaceuticals preparations are distributed to various other departments with in the hospital. Handles both inpatients and out patients prescriptions In some countries even manufacturing of pharmaceuticals will be done. Dispense medicines and accessories like surgical dressings, cotton gauze bandages and gloves etc.

7. Definition Hospital pharmacy is the department, service or a domain in the hospital organization managed under the direction of a professionally competent, legally qualified pharmacist.

8. Pharmaceutical services in a hospital comprises of the services rendered to the patient through a number of activities like: Dispensing of drug Management of the stores which include: Purchase of drugs as per the recommendation of Pharmacy and Therapy Committee Providing instructions for proper storage of such drugs Maintenance of proper records of the drugs purchased and there distribution • Manufacture and distribution of medicaments and products

9. Providing the therapeutic drug monitoring services Establishment and maintenance of Drug Information Centre Patient counseling service Maintaining liaison with medical staff, nursing staff and the patients themselves To maintain the nursing department and the central sterile supply unit in the hospital Participate in teaching programme of nursing and pharmacy students and medical students.

10. Functions Of A Hospital Pharmacist To provide and evaluate pharmaceutical services To draw a plan for hospital pharmacy administration To establish liaison between administrative authorities and medical Doctors. To estimate the requirements for the department and enforce the policies and procedures for the recruitment of adequate and competent staff To develop and maintain an effective system of clinical and administrative records and reports To participate in and adhere to the financial plan of the operation for the hospital

11. Functions of Chief Hospital Pharmacist To provide pharmaceutical care services meeting the therapeutic objectives to Patients, Prescribers and Nurses. To provide departmental services, and implement the pharmaceutical principles, objectives, policies and standards of the hospital. To participate and provide necessary cognitive & liaising services to all the departments in the hospital.

12. To develop policies and procedures for the successful functioning of the department. To recruit, train and encourage the pharmacy staff to provide quality services. To participate in the financial plan of the operation of the hospital To develop and maintain an effective system of clinical and administrative records and reports. To initiate, utilize and / or participate in patient care research studies

13. To estimate the needs for facilities, supplies and equipment for the proper functioning of the department. To initiate and conduct Continuing Professional Developments (CPD) for knowledge and skills improvement among the personnel working in pharmacy department.

14. Boundaries and Interactions of Hospital Pharmacy Department

15. Organization of Hospital Pharmacy (Suggested pattern of a set up of Hospital Pharmacy department)

16. Location and layout In hospital premises so that patients and staff can easily approach it. In multi storied building, on the ground floor especially the dispensing unit. The manufacturing room should be adjacent to the pharmacy. Outpatient pharmacy should give pleasant appearance and must have enough space for seating of patients who have to wait for medicines. Medical stores of a pharmacy should be adjacent to the pharmacy itself or should be directly connected to pharmacy.

17. What is layout and its importance? An arrangement or a plan, especially the schematic arrangement of parts or areas. Importance? It plays significant role in the development of the customers perception which have a positive impact on its sale potential.

18. Objective of layout design To attract a large number of customer To increase the sale and decrease the selling expenses To have space for reserve for stock, office and resting place for the employees Proper entrance for goods To minimize the movement of customers with within the premises of the drug store

19. Place As per the Schedule M, the minimum space requirement is 250 sq. Ft With every 100 beds additional 10 sq. Ft area should be added. Pharmacy should be well illuminated and there should be a control for maintaining the temperature and humidity

20. Floor Space Requirements 250 sq. feet is the minimum required area for any sized hospital. 10 sq. feet per bed in 100 bedded hospital. 6 sq. feet per bed in 200 bedded hospital. Floors of pharmacy should be smooth, easily washable and acid resistant. In manufacturing sections, drains should be provided, walls should be smooth, painted in light color. Wooden cabinets are laminated. Fluorescent lamps are placed above prescription counter. Counter for Bunsen burner are also required.

21. Staff and their Qualifications: The number of Pharmacy staff members depends on Number of beds in the hospital Scope of services – out-patients and in-patients Activities of pharmacy W hether it is involved in manufacturing of drugs and formulations Whether the pharmacy stocks and dispenses surgical and laboratory supplies

22. Qualification The Chief pharmacist or director should have minimum post graduate degree in pharmacy preferably in pharmacology or hospital pharmacy. Manufacturing chemist should be graduate in pharmacy with minimum 18 months experience in manufacturing process of drugs and formulations. Analytical Chemist should be post-graduate in pharmaceutical chemistry or analytical chemistry. Registered pharmacist and pharmacist-cum-clerk should have diploma in pharmacy and should be registered in state pharmacy council. 

23. Pharmacist requirement in hospitals Pharmacist Requirement Bed Strength No. of Pharmacists Required Up to 50 beds 3 Up to 100 beds 5 Up to 200 beds 8 Up to 300 beds 10 Up to 500 beds 15

24. Responsibilities Central Dispensing Area Patient care in wards Patient care in OPDs General Responsibilities

25. Central Dispensing area To ensure that all drugs are stored dispensed correctly To check the accuracy of the dosages prepared To keep proper records and preparation of bills To co-ordinate the over all pharmaceutical needs of the “patient Care” To ensure that established policies and procedures are followed To maintain professional competence, and communication. To communicate with all pharmacy staff regarding new developments To co-ordinate the activities of the area

26. B} In patient ward areas To maintain liaison with nurses Reviewing drug administration in each patient To provide instruction and assistance to the juniors To co-ordinate overall pharmaceutical services on the running unit level.

27. Direct patient care area Identification of drugs brought in to the hospital by the patient. Obtaining patient medication history and communicating to all the attending doctors. To assist doctors in the selection of drug products and their doses.

28. To monitor patients total drug therapy for 1) Effectiveness 2) side effects 3) Toxicities 4) ADRs and Drug interactions Patient counseling Participating in cardio – pulmonary emergencies

29. C} Out patient areas To ensure proper technique in compounding and dispensing. Maintaining all the records and bills of patient medication, record of investigational drugs Maintaining prescription files Keep outdoor pharmacy neat, clean and tidy. provide necessary counseling to the patients for proper usage of their medication.

30. D} General Responsibilities Providing drug information to patients and doctors Education to medical, nursing and pharmacy students. To coordinate overall needs of the outdoor service area and exercise control over such drugs To ensure that all drugs are handled properly such as storage of investigational drugs To participate in cardio pulmonary emergency To provide for in services education and training for pharmacists, pharmacy items.

31. Thank you