Hospital Waste Management

Brief description on Hospital Waste Management

1. Colonel Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin M Phil, MPH, PGD (Health Economics), MBBS Armed Forces Medical Institute (AFMI)

2. Definition:

3. Hospital waste is “Any waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research” in a hospital . This is also called ‘Bio-Medical Waste’ (BMW). Hospital Waste Management means the management of waste produced by hospitals using such techniques that will help to check the spread of diseases through .

4. Medical Waste Generation in Asia Developing Countries: 1-2 kg/patient/day

5. Classification of Hospital Waste: Hazardous: Non-Hazardous:

6. Composition:

7. Composition:

8. Sources of Hospital Waste

9. Health Risks from Poor Hospital Waste Management

10. Health Hazards: In genetics, G enotoxicity describes the property of chemical agents that damages the genetic information within a cell causing mutations, which may lead to cancer . Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells.

11. Management of Healthcare Waste National Policy, Strategy, Plan, Guidelines and SOP Legislation/ Rules for waste management Political commitment Committed manpower Good Management Proper budgetary allocation Effective Waste Management needs:

12. Waste Management Hierarchy

13. WHO Hospital Waste Management Cycle

14. Steps in M anagement of Hospital Waste Steps in the management of hospital waste include : - - Training and Awareness - Generation - Segregation / separation - Collection - Transportation - Storage - Treatment - Final disposal

15. Waste Minimization Waste minimization is a process of elimination that involves reducing the amount of waste produced in society and helps to eliminate the generation of harmful and persistent wastes.

16. Waste Identification

17. WHO Recommended Colour Code

18. Colour Code Practice in CMHs

19. Waste Segregation - Waste segregation means dividing or separating waste at earliest opportunity, at point of origin. - Not allowing hazardous waste to mix-up with non-hazardous waste.

20. Waste Handling

21. Out-Fit of Waste-Handler

22. Waste Collection

23. Transportation

24. Record Keeping

25. Treatment and Final Disposal of Hospital Waste Principles are: (Temp over 850 degree Centigrade)

26. The hospital waste management practices somehow have not been given appropriate attention and importance in Bangladesh. Other problems include : - Lack of implementation of guideline - Existing gaps within the waste management rule 2008 - Problem in Environmental Act 1995 - Lack of interest and unity - Economic constrains - Following the old management - Corruption of the lower level - Hazardous waste management is not high in the political agenda - Lack of responsibilities and supervision - Inadequate enforcement of existing pollution control laws. Hospital Waste Management- Practices in Bangladesh

27. There are only three NGOs in Bangladesh that are actively working in the field of hospital waste management . These NGOs are PRISM (Project in Agriculture , Rural Industry, Science and Medicine ) Bangladesh in Dhaka city, BASA (Bangladesh Association for Social Development) in Tongi and Shawpno in Bagura . They are collecting the waste from the hospitals with a nominal service charge. Among the three NGOs, PRISM Bangladesh along with DCC is properly collecting and treating the hospital waste up to final disposal. There are only 342 hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centres under PRISM Hospital waste management program. Rest of the healthcare institutions follow none, or their own or old system.