hot & cold Application.pptx

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1. Hot application Hot application is the application of a hot agent, warmer than skin either in a moist or dry from on the surface of the body

2. Purpose To relive pain and congestion, To provide warmth, To promote healing, To decrease muscle tone To soften the exudates.

3. COLD APPLICATION Cold application is the application of a cold agent cooler than skin either in a moist or dry form, on the surface of the skin.

4. Purpose To reduce pain and body temperature, To anaesthetize an area, To control hemorrhage, To control the growth of bacteria, To prevent gangrene, To prevent edema and To reduce inflammation.

5. Classification of Hot Application Local Dry heat ( hot water, chemical, Infrared rays , Heating Lamps, Electric Heating Pad) Moist Heat ( warm soaks, Hot Fomentation (compresses), sitz bath) General Dry heat ( sun bath, Blanket bed) Moist Heat ( steam bath)

6. Classification of cold Application Local Dry cold ( Ice bag, Ice pack, Chemical cold packs) Moist cold ( Ice to suck, cold compress, Evaporating lotion) General Dry cold ( Hypothermia) Moist cold ( cold sponnging , cold bath)

7. Temperature of hot & cold Application description Temperature Appilcation Very Cold Below 15 C Ice bag Cold 15-18 C Cold Packs Cool 18-27 C Cold compresses Tepid 27-37 C Alcohol Sponge bath Warm 37-40 C Warm bath Hot 40-46 C Hot Soak, Hot comresses Very Hot Above 46 C Hot water bag for Adult

8. Physiological effect of Hot & Cold Application Hot Application Cold Application Peripheral vasodilatation Peripheral constriction Increased capillary Permeability Decreased capillary Permeability Increased oxygen consumption Decreased oxygen consumption Decreased muscle tone Decreased muscle tone Increased blood flow Decreased blood flow Increased motility of Leukocytes Decreased motility of Leukocytes Increased local metabolism Decreased local metabolism

9. Contra indication for hot application Malignancies Impaired kidney, Heart or Lung Function Acute inflamed Areas Edema Headache

10. Complications of Hot Application Pain Burn Redness of the skin Hyperthermia

11. Contraindications of Cold Applications shock and collapse Edema. Circulatory disorders. Decreased sensation Patients with shivering and very low temperature, Cold should not be applied when there is infected wound

12. Complication of Cold Application Pain Blister Thrombus formation Redness Hypothermia