Hot isostatic

All credit goes to the creators, my colleagues.

1. HOT ISOSTATIC
PRESSING

2. CONTENTS
▪INTRODUCTION
▪NEED
▪PROCESS
▪EQUIPMENTS
▪ADVANTAGES ANDLIMITATION
▪REFERENCE

3. INTRODUCTION
▪Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is a powder metallurgytechnique
▪HIP is used to reduce the porosity of metals and increase the density ofmany
ceramicmaterials
▪This improves the material's mechanical properties andworkability
▪Process uses the combination of high temperatures and high pressures todensify
engineering ceramics and hardmetals
▪Pressures of up to 207 MPa (30,000 psi) may be used with the temperatureof
operation being as high as 2000°C(3,632°F)
▪Typically, an inert gas (Argon or Nitrogen) is used within the pressure vesselto
ensure that pressure is applied uniformly from all sides (IsostaticPressure)

4. NEED FORHIP
Influence of porosity (density) on impactstrength
and tensile strength of P/Mmaterials.
The effect of porosity on fatiquestrength

5. NEED FORHIP
▪Permissible porosity depends on applicationfield
▪Higher loads call for higherdensity
▪Conventional P/M technology (press-and -sinter technology) in mostcases
doesn`t enable to achieve fulldensity.
▪Hot consolidation processes (hot pressing, HIP, extrusion etc) enable toproduce full-
density or near full-density or near full-density powdermaterials/products
▪The primary use of HIP is to increase the density of the material and increasethe
strength and reliability of thecomponents

6. HIP
▪In hot isostatic pressing (HIP), the container is made of ahigh-melting-point sheet
metal and the pressurizing medium is a high-temperature inertgas
▪Originally Helium and now Argon is used as pressurizingmedium
▪Total pressure = pressure due to heating + applied pressure(dependent onload)
▪Pressure vessel requires high fatigue and creepresistance.
▪Should be immune to heating, dwell and cooling periods, coolant/failure ofcooling
system.

7. PROCESS

8. HIP

9. THERMOCOUPLES
PRESSURESYSTEM
HEATINGELEMENTSFURNACE
PRESSUREVESSEL
HIP
EQUIPMENT

10. APPLICATIONS
▪Silicon Nitride BallBearings
▪BodyArmour
▪Zirconia and Alumina Dentalimplants
▪Multi-LayerCapacitors
▪Downhole OilfieldComponents
▪SputteringTargets

11. APPLICATIONS

12. ADVANTAGES
▪Materials/products of higherperformance
▪The HIP is near-net shapeprocess
▪Lower unit costs of large parts and production volumes of small-weightparts
▪Produces fully dense compacts of uniform grain structure anddensity
▪Decreased scatter and recovery of defectiveparts.
▪Improved ductility and impactstrength.
▪Finegrains

13. LIMITATIONS
▪Materials/products of higherperformance
▪The HIP is near-net shapeprocess
▪Lower unit costs of large parts and production volumes of small-weightparts
▪Produces fully dense compacts of uniform grain structure anddensity