HOTS TOKI, Panduan kurikulum merdeka oke

panduan kurikulum merdeka

1. Computational Thinking Kurikulum Nasional Informatika Biro Bebras Yogyakarta New Saphir , Yogyakarta, 11 Juli 2019 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019 1

2. Kurikulum Nasional Informatika “ WHY ? “ 2 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

3. Society 5.0 3 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

4. https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/society5_0/index.html One definition: "A human-centered society that balances economic advancement with the resolution of social problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace and physical space." 4 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

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6. Kemampuan apa yang Dibutuhkan manusia agar mampu bersaing ? 6 http://p21.org Collaboration, Communication Critical Thinking, Creativity Complex Problem solving Innovative, Adaptive, Resilience Teamwork, Independent Thinking Why ? Could it be better, faster, bigger, cheaper ? CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

7. High Order Thinking Bloom Taxonomy – Cognitive-Affective-Psychomotor 7 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

8. 8 http://www.cgdev.org/blog/need-pivot-learning-new-data-adult-skills-indonesia https://www.oecd.org/pisa/ https://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2015-results-in-focus.pdf https://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA-2015-Indonesia.pdf The PISA is a worldwide exam administered every three years that measures 15-year-olds in 72 countries. About 540,000 students took the exam in 2015.

9. The 2018 Definition of Reading Literacy Reading literacy is understanding , using , evaluating , reflecting on and engaging with texts in order to achieve one’s goals, to develop one’s knowledge and potential and to participate in society. [Pisa 2018 Reading Literacy Framework] 9 Lihat contoh soal-soal test PISA CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

10. Standard Siswa https:// www.iste.org/standards/for-students 10 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

11. Apa Yang dibutuhkan ? SCAN Fundamental Skills - 2001 [http:// www.sjsu.edu /faculty/ chang /sped/ scanskills.html ] Basic Skills : reading, writing, arithmetic/ mathematics, listening and speaking. Thinking Skills : creative thinking, decision making, problem solving, seeing things in the mind’s eyes, learning how to learn, reasoning Personal Qualities : responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self-management, integrity and honesty Four Cs of 21st century learning: http://p21.org Collaboration. Communication. Critical thinking. Creativity. The 5th ‘C’ of 21st Century Skills? Try Computational Thinking (Not Coding) https://www.edsurge.com/news/2018-02-25-the-5th-c-of-21st-century-skills-try-computational-thinking-not-coding 11 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

12. Program Literasi Pemerintah http://gln.kemdikbud.go.id/glnsite / Literasi Baca & Tulis Literasi Budaya & Kewarganegaraan Literasi Angka Literasi Sains Literasi Keuangan Literasi Digital 12 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

13. Kemampuan dalam literasi Digital Mengetahui informasi dan teknologi informasi : Access ( mengakses ): pengetahuan tentang informasi dan bagaimana untuk mengumpulkan dan atau mendapatkan informasi tersebut . Menggunakan informasi dan teknologi informasi : Manage ( mengelola ): kemampuan mengelola dan menerapkan skema klasifikasi atau organisasi . Memaknai informasi : Integrate ( mengintegrasikan ): kemampuan melakukan interpretasikan dan mendeskripsikan kembali informasi ( membandingkan , mengklasifikasi , dan membuat ringkasan ). Evaluate ( mengevaluasi ): kemampuan memutuskan tentang kualitas , keterkaitan , kegunaan , atau efisiensi dari informasi . Create ( menciptakan ): kemampuan menciptakan informasi baru melalui mengadopsi , menerapkan , mendesain , membuat atau menulis informasi . 13 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

14. Computational Thinking 14 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

15. Computational Thinking Originally used by Seymour Papert , MIT, in Mindstorms : Children, computers, and powerful ideas, Basic Books Inc. 1980. Popularized by Jeanette M. Wing (2006) Computational Thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35. 15 http://research-srv.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/events/asiafacsum2012/day1/Jeannette_Wing.pdf CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

16. Computational Thinking " Computational Thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent.“ J . Cuny , L . Snyder, and J . M. Wing . Demystifying Computational Thinking for Non-Computer Scientists, 2010 Jeanette M. Wing Carnegie Mellon University 16 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_thinking 17 Generalization/Abstraction Decomposition Algorithm CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

18. Computational Thinking in Science https://www.americanscientist.org/article/computational-thinking-in-science By Peter J. Denning 18 A quiet but profound revolution has been taking place throughout science. The computing revolution has transformed science by enabling all sorts of new discoveries through information technology. https://www.edsurge.com/news/2018-02-25-the-5th-c-of-21st-century-skills-try-computational-thinking-not-coding The 5th ‘C’ of 21st Century Skills? Try Computational Thinking (Not Coding) CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

19. Computational Thinking h ttp://www.bbc.co.uk/education/topics/z7tp34j 19 Four key techniques (cornerstones) to CT: decomposition - breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller, more manageable parts pattern recognition – looking for similarities among and within problems abstraction – focusing on the important information only, ignoring irrelevant detail algorithms - developing a step-by-step solution to the problem, or the rules to follow to solve the problem CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

20. Computational Thinking: Operational definition for K-12 education Computational thinking (CT) is a problem-solving process that includes (but is not limited to) the following characteristics: Formulating problems in a way that enables us to use a computer and other tools to help solve them Logically organizing and analyzing data Representing data through abstractions such as models and simulations Automating solutions through algorithmic thinking (a series of ordered steps) Identifying , analyzing , and implementing possible solutions with the goal of achieving the most efficient and effective combination of steps and resources Generalizing and transferring this problem solving process to a wide variety of problems ISTE and CSTA, 2011 20 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

21. CT mengajak anak untuk mempertanyakan : Can this problem be better, or more easily, solved by a human or a computer ? Is there a pattern between this problem and similar problems we have tackled before? How can data be organized to solve this problem? How can I create a general solution that works for a range of inputs? What is a step-by-step procedure I can articulate to solve this? What computational strategies might be employed? What are the limitations , trade-offs and constraints related to solving this problem? 21 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

22. Theory of Computation [ wikipedia ] In theoretical computer science and mathematics, the theory of computation is the branch that deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation, using an algorithm. The field is divided into three major branches: automata theory and languages , computability theory , and computational complexity theory , which are linked by the question: "What are the fundamental capabilities and limitations of computers?”. 22 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

23. Bagaimana belajar Computational Thinking ? Berpikir adalah kemampuan yang dapat dilatih , demikian juga dengan Computational Thinking Dengan mengajak anak latihan memecahkan persoalan terkait informatika . Lewat soal menarik yang merepresentasikan kehidupan sehari-hari [ dipresentasikan lewat contoh-contoh soal Bebras ] Soal yang sama bisa diulang untuk SD, SMP, SMA dengan kompleksitas menaik 23 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

24. CT & KurIF K-12, Unpar, 9 Juli 2019 24 Bebras Internasional : http:// bebras.org Bebras Indonesia http://bebras.or.id Latihan online bhs Indonesia: https://olympia.id Download soal-soal : http://bebras.or.id/v3/pembahasan-soal Kurnas IF: http :// aren.cs.ui.ac.id / kikd / index.php

25. BEBRAS :: Kontes dalam CT BEBRAS ( Beaver ) – International Challenge on Informatics and Computational Thinking Renamed: earlier was International Contest on Informatics and Computer Fluency Established in 2004, Indonesia joined Bebras Community since 2016 (observer), 2017 (NBO) International website: http:// bebras.org Indonesian website: http:// bebras.or.id Indonesian contest environment: http:// olympia.id Shift : algorithmic thinking to computational thinking informatics for informatics to informatics for all 25 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

26. What is a Bebras task ? http:// bebras.org /?q= goodtask Merepresentasikan konsep-konsep informatika Dapat dengan mudah dimengerti Dijawab dalam waktu 3 menit Pendek , umumnya muat dalam 1 layar Dapat dijawab di komputer dg kertas&pensil ; jika on line dapat dikerjakan tanpa perlu menggunakan software lain Menarik dan / atau lucu Download buku Bahasa Indonesia : http:// bebras.or.id /v3/ pembahasan-soal / 26 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

27. 27 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

28. Bermain Sepak Bola Klub Berang-berang bermain sepakbola melawan Berangan-angan . Pencetak goal adalah : Menit ke-1 : Ana Menit ke-10 : Dikra Menit ke-35 : Barli Menit ke-47 : Sudi Menit ke-73 : Budi Menit ke 89 : Raisa Permainan sangat menarik , tidak ada satupun tim yang berhasil mencetak goal 2 kali berturut-turut . Berapa skor setelah 90 menit ? (A). 6-0 (B). 5-1 (C). 4-2 (D). 3-3 28 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

29. Contoh Soal SD – Abstraksi , Graf 29 Ucok si berang-berang mempunyai permainan dari biji kemiri diikat tali . Dari 4 gambar berikut , maka yang dapat membentuk Anjing sebagai berikut ? Anjing CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

30. Contoh soal SMP CT & KurIF K-12, Unpar, 9 Juli 2019 30

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32. Contoh Soal Bebras Algoritma , Struktur Data 32 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

33. Soal-soal Bebras dan HOTS Soal-soal Bebras mengambil ruang pengetahuan yang diminiaturkan pd situasi sehari-hari . Keterkaitan aspek pengetahuan dalam soal dapat dibangun . Tantangan yang muncul dalam soal adalah aplikasi dari pemahaman komprehensif akan persoalan . Jawaban perlu dianalisis dan dievaluasi untuk memverifikasi kebenaran jawaban . Soal-soal Bebras dapat membentuk HOTS sebagai skill dan habit. Skill dan habit diharapkan menjadi “ pola berpikir ”, kebiasaan ( reaksi otomatis ) ketika memandang masalah-masalah lain ( termasuk pelajaran sekolah ). 33 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

34. 34 Download Buku Bebras Bahasa Indonesia http:// bebras.or.id /v3/ pembahasan-soal / CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

35. Kurikulum Nasional Informatika “WHAT ? “ 35 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

36. Kurikulum K-12 Informatika Indonesia “What?” – Muatan Kurikulum 36 COMPUTATIONAL THINKING       S O C       A P       D A       C E       NW Computing Practices T I K http:// aren.cs.ui.ac.id / kikd / index.php CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

37. Kerangka Kurikulum Indonesia http:// aren.cs.ui.ac.id / kikd / index.php Dokumen utama rancangan kurikulum untuk memahami dasar pemikirannya Menu Tampilan Publik : Draft KI/KD ( Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar ), Model Silabus , yang menunjukkan porsi dari setiap area pengetahuan tsb utk setiap tingkat kelas Halaman utama menampilkan “ resources ” utama yang dapat dipakai untuk pengayaan pembelajaran . 37 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

38. Benang Merah Rancangan Kurikulum Informatika Tujuan utama adalah membentuk kemampuan : Berpikir , Thinking : Computational Thinking Berpengetahuan , Knowledge : Ilmu Komputer / Informatika Berkarya , Skill : Digital Literate, TIK Berkarakter , menggunakan TIK dengan baik Pelajaran TIK ( pengertian lama) tidak dihapus , tetapi diubah cara pengajarannya , bukan mengajarkan penggunaan aplikasi , tetapi memberdayakan aplikasi sebagai tools untuk belajar dan dipakai untuk semua Pelajaran Informatika di- induksi seiring dengan TIK 38 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

39. 39 Last updated on October 19, 2016 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

40. Acuan Kerangka Kurikulum & Standar Bidang Informatika untuk K-12 40 https://www.csteachers.org/page/standards https://k12cs.org/ CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

41. 41 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

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44. 44 http://www.iste.org CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

45. UK: harmful ICT replaced by C S – 2012 September2014 : Computing at School On all stages of K-12 45 CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

46. Kurikulum Informatika tingkat SMA negara lain 46 UNESCO Basic Concepts of ICT Managing Files Software Applications Social and ethical issues Spreadsheet design Database Design Modeling and simulation Robots Elements of programming Software development Top down program design ACM Computer Organization Information systems Networks Digital Representation of information Information organization Modeling and abstraction Algorithmic thinking and programming Universality Limitation of information technology Societal impact of IT https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrResources.html https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/K-12ModelCurr2ndEd.pdf https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/L1-Objectives-and-Outlines.pdf https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/L2-Objectives-and-Outlines.pdf https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/L3-Objectives-and-Outlines.pdf https://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/CASUKComputingCurric.pdf http://www.exploringcs.org/ http://scratched.media.mit.edu/resources/scratch-curriculum-guide-draft http://www.bootstrapworld.org/ CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

47. 47 National Curricula Germany Information and Data Algorithms Language and automata Information system Informatics and society National Curricula Austria Problem and strategy Hardware Software Outline of problem oriented programming language Introduction to Operating system Working with application software Application areas and computers Change of life through ICT Mew trends and technology National Curricula Lithuania Algorithms Program structure Variables, Data types and structures, Assignment statement, Relational and logical operators, if statement, loops, compound statement, procedure and function parameters, recursion Control data and correctness of program Programming style and culture ommentary Algorithmic thinking Top-down program design Social impact of IT Di Indonesia: Materi tsb baru diajarkan di Perguruan Tinggi CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

48. 48 Coding is the practice of developing a set of instructions that a computer can understand and execute. Computer science is “the study of computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their hardware and software designs, their applications, and their impact on society.” Computational thinking is “a way of solving problems, designing systems, and understanding human behavior that draws on concepts fundamental to computer science... a fundamental skill for everyone, not just computer scientists.” Coding ~ technical skill CS ~ academic discipline CT ~ problem solving process central to CS CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019

49. Terimakasih 49 http://bebras.or.id Bebras Indonesia https://training.ia-toki.org TOKI Training Gate CT & KurIF K-12, New Saphir 11 Juli 2019