hovercraft.pptx stimulation pof a hovercraft

Hovercraft modelling

1. Hovercraft

2. 1 952 Sir Christopher Cockerel . I (British Engineering) He invented the hovercraft and patented in 1955. With di li gent work he was able to bring his idea to reality with the first commercial hovercraft in 1959. British hovercraft corporat i on developed the first commercial hovercraft for passenger. From there on the idea took with numerous developments with the vehic l e.

3. Elements of a Typical Hovercraft pro peller;- It pushes the hovercraft ahead by pushing air behind. F an:- Primary purpose is to inflate the cushion containing within the skirt beneath the craft as weU as to provide thrust with which to propel the craft Forward.

4. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Hull This is where the driver operates the hovercraft and passengers or cargo are located. It is the main body of the hovercraft which acts as the base for attaching of the other parts.

5. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Lifting System This consist of a centrifugal fan attached to a motor or an engine, which provides air for the cavity underneath the craft (called the plenum chamber) and also for filling the skirts.

6. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Thrust System This consists of propeller that moves air from in front of the craft and accelerates it out the back. This accelerated mass of air then generates thrust which pushes the craft forwards.

7. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Skirt This is the flexible wall that i s attached all around the bottotn of the cTaft. The skirts prevents the pressmized air from escaping from the plenum chamber.

8. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Engine A typical hovercraft uses one e n gine but larger sizes can use more sometimes up to six engines. They usually utilized the typical maTine engines since they are quieter and fuel efficient.

9. ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL HOVERCRAFT Control System This consists of a set of rudders that steer the craft by directing the air from the thrust system toward either left or right which consequently steers the craft.

10. WORKING OF THE HOVERCRAFT . , r- :.- The li ft fan pushes a large vo l u m e of a i r u n de r 1h e h overcraft which is p r evented from escap i ng by 1he ski rt . :.- As th e fan co n t inues to force air in t o t h i s cus hi o n , t h e p ress u re u nder the hovercraft i n creases . When the pressure u nder the hovercraft exceeds the we i g h t of the hovercraft. t he h overcraft beg i ns t o r i se off th e grou n d th is ca n be around 6" to 1 05'' depending on th e s i ze of t he craft. ► Eventua ll y the hove r cra ft ra i ses h i g h enoug h to lift th e skirt off the grou n d. Air begins lo escape t hro u gh t he gap betwee n the g r o u nd an d t he s ki rt ( ca ll ed t h e h overgap). A t some point th e h overcraft reac h es equilibr i u m point a t wh i c h t he amount of ai r bei n g force d i to o t he cus h ion can no t exceed the amo u nt of air escapi n g through the hovergap . At th is poi nt the h overcra ft is hove rin g a t i ts m aximum h over h eight. ► Fans mounted on t op crea t es this air w h ic h is used to propel th e hovercraft fo r ward and m ovi n g through the air, the rudder control direction of the hovercraft. .

11. OPERATION OF THE HOVERCRAFT Br a k es & S te ering Steering Steer i ng is accomp l ished by use of the rudders. The rudders are placed at the back of the craft i n the direction of the thrust air flow. As the direction of the rudders are changed so is the direction of the craft. Brakes Hovercraft have no braking system. Simply reduce power until the craft no longer hovers. Thrust reversers can be used.

12. OPERATION OF THE HOVERCRAFT Fue l Consumption This will depend on the speed and other conditions which the craft is driven under. But it uses less fuel as compared to cars and boats under the same condition.

13. Advantages Travel over any surface. Shortcutting routes. Travel in dry water beds. No collision with debris, logs etc. Access to 75°/o of coastal area instead of only 5% with conventional vessels. Hovercraft are very fuel efficient as hovercraft do not have to plough through the water but "fly" above the surface. At maximum speed fuel consumption of a hovercraft is approx. 70% less than of a fast petrol boat with similar payload capacity • •

14. Disadvantages They move a lot of air and can be relatively loud(Noise Pollution). Steep grade can be issue. Potential of skirt damage. Not exactly agile(e.g.: cornering). The hovercraft is bulky and its high speed make it difficult to control while on land. •

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