How do tsunamis occur

1. How do Tsunamis occur?

2. Step 1) This is three
ways a
Tsunamis can
be started:
1*Volcano
2*Land Slide
3*Earthquake

3. Step 2)
This is when a
Tsunami is travelling
it is not as visible in
the deeper water but
it make the Tsunami
faster.

4. Step 3)
This is when the
water is building up
and getting closer to
land.

5. Step 4)
This is when a
Tsunami is
happening it has
built up from the
sea and the
shallow water that
I crashing on the
town or city.

6. Step 5)
This is what happens after a
Tsunami and the people the
survived have to start their
families and life all over again.

7. Step 4
The waves
crashes on the
beach or land.
Step 3
The wave slows down in
the shallow water and it
visible to see and it gains
height.
Step 2
While a Tsunami is
travelling is gains speed
in the deeper water but it
is not as visible in the
deep water.
Step 1
A Tsunami is coursed by
Volcanos, earthquakes
and Land slides
Step 5
After the Tsunami
with all the
destruction

9. The deeper the
water the faster it

is
In the shallow water
The bigger it is

10. WALT compare and contrast
Task: Compare and contrast two photos. One before you natural disaster occurred and one after.
Success Criteria:
How will I know when i have been successful?
- I can identify what is the same in the two photos
- I can identify what is different in the two photos
- I can explain why these changes have occurred


<><> Before
*The waves are at right height
*The waves just reach the beach
*The road is still in sight
*The houses are still standing and are not smashed
*It is clean water
*The houses are standing the train track it ready for a train.
*The waves fresh and the water the right blue and green
After
*There is a flood.
*The tide is right up.
*The road is half fill from the water from the Tsunami.
*Its dirty water
*The house have been flooded and smashed
*The houses are all flooded and some are even under water.
*Some houses have been moved around and have been smashed
*He tide is high and the water has been swept across the water and the
covered the train track with water
*The water is very dirty and the has made the sea dirty




After
Before

11. (The Hooks)
Once in a land long ago in 1862, it was a sunny day as peaceful as can be. People were washing their clothes in the river and weaving their blankets
made out of flax, but the only problem was … There was barely any food. The god of the Land the one person that told the village what they
can do and what they can’t, the ruler came and told them if they want to live here, you cannot fish in the ocean. The people in the village knew
that they were not allowed to fish in the ocean or there would be consequences from the sea goddess – the one who creates Tsunamis, whirl
pools and the one who owns the sea for the village. So the people were sick and tired of looking for food. In the Tairua bar everyone was
complaining that the food was disgusting and boring. They really wanted the fish. Only one person had tasted the fish and that was the village
leader. He got it off the beach – it had been washed up from the ocean.
So they strolled off to tell the village leader, who takes care of the village, and the leader of the Tairua village, of their idea. As they got to the leader
of the villages hut, the village leader could tell they were coming. ”What are you doing here, shouldn’t you be asleep,” called the village leader.
The village people called out NO. The reason we are here is because we have no food apart from the berries and fruit, but we are sick of that
food – “we want fish” screamed the villagers. The village leader came out and said that they couldn’t – the land god told us that if we fish in
the sea there will be consequences.
But the village people didn’t care they wanted the fish so as soon as midnight hit they rowed off out to the open sea .When they thought they were far
enough out they would be ready to put berries down and worms on a stick that was tree sticks with a rock on the end. They finally dropped the
fishing stuff and suddenly they got tugs and everyone started to get bites on the fishing sticks. As soon as they pulled the fish up everyone
had around 30 fish. When the sun was about to rise they knew that if the village leader found out they were fishing they would be in trouble and
he would panic like a monkey. Later that day the sea goddess was complaining that people were fishing in her, the earth god had no idea.
“That’s it I warned you so now you are going to get it”, called the sea goddess.
How was the earth god going to warn the people? A little girl was walking along the beach but then she saw it was a tsunami coming straight for
Tairua. The little girl ran as fast as she could, screaming that there is a tsunami coming, there is a tsunami coming. Only a few people could
hear her. The people that could hear her were all running up to the highest part of the hills. They saw the people getting hit. It was the worst
thing that they had seen in their life.
After the tsunami left the people went to see the destruction. There was no sight of the people that had died. The sea goddess was finally happy as
she told the people there would be consequences. The land god was furious as ever but the people just wanted food. But he told them it was
their fault. The land god knew that that had to happen but now there will be no food because all the trees are gone and their plants. But he had
to make a deal. Normally there are 250 people but now there are only 60 people. He yelled out for the sea goddess. She called back “what do
you want. I was enjoying my relaxing day out with Patiki (hooks). The land god had to talk to the sea goddess and tell her that if they don’t fish
they wont have any food, and if they eat it, it might be good for them and they may get smarter and invent new food. Then they won’t have to
fish out of your beloved sea.
The sea goddess was still not impressed but it would be good if that could happen. The sea goddess had one request about this arrangement. “The
only thing I hate about it is that it hurts when they drop the Patiki (hooks) in me.” They have to think of something - they could put the bait over
the hooks so that is wont hurt as much thought the land god. “Well don’t you already put that bait stuff on it?” asked the sea goddess. The
land god just thought that they had to try it.
And remember sea goddess, that fish could be good for the brain.
By Katie Lush

12. Looks Like
*Before Lush
*After trees gone
*The sea is muddy
*Before everyone having a peaceful morning
* Sweeping water running over land
Feels like
*Heart beating/ Rising
*Drowning
*Shaking (Body)
*Scary
*Before- Happy
*Before- Peaceful
*Unhappy
*Creepy
*Your in a nightmare
*Upsetting
*Getting smashed like when
you ride a wave and you fall
off and you tumble though
the water.
*Wave Sucking you out to
sea
Sounds Like
*Sirens' going off
Crashing
*Screaming people/
animals
*Before- Birds
cheeping
*Before- Kids playing
*Screaming like they
are going to die
*Gushing water
*Sounds like when a big
wave is crashing on me,
my ears blocked and
they are ringing
*Swishing of waves.

13. •How does a tsunami occur? Title
•As a tsunami leaves the deep water of the open ocean and travels
into the shallower water near the coast, it transforms. A tsunami
travels at a speed that is related to the water depth - hence, as the
water depth decreases, the tsunami slows. The tsunami's energy
flux, which is dependent on both its wave speed and wave height,
remains nearly constant. Consequently, as the tsunami's speed
diminishes as it travels into shallower water, its height grows.
Because of this shoaling effect, a tsunami, imperceptible at sea,
may grow to be several meters called a runup height, of 10, 20,
and even or more in height near the coast. When it finally reaches
the coast, a tsunami may appear as a rapidly rising or falling tide,
a series of breaking waves, or even a bore.
•As a tsunami approaches shore, it begins to slow and grow in
height. Just like other water waves, tsunamis begin to lose energy
as they rush onshore - part of the wave energy is reflected
offshore, while the shoreward-propagating wave energy is
dissipated through bottom friction and turbulence. Despite these
losses, tsunamis still reach the coast with tremendous amounts of
energy. Tsunamis have great erosional potential, stripping
beaches of sand that may have taken years to accumulate and
undermining trees and other coastal vegetation. Capable of
inundating, or flooding, hundreds of meters inland past the typical
high-water level, the fast-moving water associated with the
inundating tsunami can crush homes and other coastal structures.
Tsunamis may reach a maximum vertical height onshore above
sea level, often 30 metres.
Telling how it
moves in the
water
About it growing
The height
that it
grows.
How it
works.
Paragraphs
Can grow big and can curse a lot of damage

14. •The Asian tsunami: why there were no warnings (Think Write)
•By Peter Symonds--------Author Title
3 January 2005--------Date
•As the horrifying toll of death and destruction continues to mount in southern Asia, it becomes ever more obvious
that lives could have been saved if a tsunami warning system had been in place. With just 15 to 30 minutes
notice, and clear directives to flee, many people who had no idea what was happening, or how to react, could
have escaped to safety.
•The tsunami and the earthquake that triggered it are natural phenomena. While earthquakes cannot be forecast
they can be quickly pinpointed. Moreover, if the appropriate scientific equipment is in place, the formation of a
tsunami can also be detected and its likely path predicted and even tracked.
•A tsunami warning system has existed in the Pacific Ocean since the late 1940s. It was substantially upgraded
after a tidal wave, triggered by a massive earthquake, killed more than 100 people in Alaska in 1964. In addition
to seismological instruments that register tremors, a network of sea level gauges and deep-sea sensors or
“tsunameters” linked by satellite to round-the-clock monitoring stations is based in Hawaii, Alaska and Japan.
Using computer modelling, scientists can predict the likely propagation of tsunamis and their probable impact.
•There is no such system in the Indian Ocean. Of the 11 countries affected by last week’s calamity, only Thailand
and Indonesia belong to the Pacific Ocean tsunami warning system. Most of the nations have seismological units
that detected the earthquake. Not all quakes, however, generate tsunamis. In the absence of planning,
preparation and additional equipment, it is difficult to make accurate predictions. And time is of the essence, since
tsunami waves travel at speeds of up to 800kmh, depending on the depth of the water.
•The December 26 earthquake registered 9 on the Richter scale, making it the largest since the Alaskan quake
and one of the most massive in the last century. The epicentre of the initial tremor was off the northwest coast of
the Indonesian island of Sumatra, followed by a series of aftershocks that ran north through the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal. Two tectonic or continental plates—the Asian and Indian—shifted along a
1,000km fault line by as much as 20 metres, releasing energy equivalent to more than 20,000 nuclear bombs of
the size dropped on Hiroshima in 1945.
•The quake occurred just before 8 a.m. Sumatran time [1 a.m. GMT]. Eight minutes later, an alarm was triggered
at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre in Hawaii by seismic signals transmitted from stations in Australia. Three
minutes after that, a message was sent to other observatories in the Pacific. At 8.14 a.m., an alert notified all
countries participating in the network about the quake, indicating that it posed no threat of a tsunami to the
Pacific.
•An hour later, the centre revised its initial estimate of the siz e of the tremor from 8 to 8.5, and issued a second
alert, warning of a possible tsunami in the Indian Ocean. Frantic phone calls were made to issue warnings. But
without procedures in place for the Indian Ocean, it was hit and miss. “We started thinking about who we could
call. We talked to the State Department Operations Centre and to the military. We called embassies. We talked to
the navy in Sri Lanka, any local government official we could get hold of,” geophysicist Barry Hirshorn told the
Honolulu Advertiser. Place
•In the countries in the path of the tsunami, the response was disorganised and lethargic. The few who were
aware of the dangers were hampered by lack of preparation, bureaucratism and inadequate infrastructure. Others
either did not know how to interpret the warning signs, or were indifferent to them. None of the countries
surrounding the Bay of Bengal issued an official warning, leaving millions of people completely at the
mercy of the approaching waves.
• http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/jan2005/warn-j03.shtml
Reference
Place
Problem/
Blurb
Extraordinary
Main idea