πβπΈπ ππ πβπΌ ππββπβπΎ πΌπ½π½πΌβπ ππ½ π½πββπΌ? Forces can make objects turn if there is a hinge. A door opens and closes this way only. The hinge is considered as the fulcrum or the pivot. The turning Effect of Force is called as the Moment of Force. The moment of force is also called Torque or simply Moment. The moment of force is the product of the force and the shortest distance from the pivot to the point of application of the force. M = F Γ d The unit of the moment of force is Nm (Newton metre) The moment of force through this equation explains why less force is required to open a door by pushing at a place away from the hinge than at the place close to the hinge.
ππβππβπΎ ππ½ πΈ πΉπππππΌ πβπΌβπΌβ A bottle opener is a second class lever . In a second class lever, the load is in between the fulcrum and the effort. The three forces at work on the lever are: 1. The force of your hand as it pulls up on the handle of the lever: Sometimes called the effort applied to the lever. 2.The force of the cap as it pulls down on the lip of the lever (this is theΒ paired forceΒ of the lever pulling up on the cap): Sometimes called the load on the lever. 3. The force of the corner of the lid as it acts downwards on the lever at the pivot. With these three forces balanced, the lever stays still; it does not accelerate off, either upwards or downwards. All three forces are linked and so to lift off a particularly well fastened cap, you need to pull up harder on the end of the opener (a bigger effort). As a result the lip of the opener will push up more on the lid, opening the bottle and the corner of the lid pulls down more (at the pivot). The whole point of the bottle opener is to produce aΒ big Β force from aΒ small Β force, but the drawback is that you must push through a big distance. Devices such as this are sometimes called force multipliers.