HOW ORE MINERALS ARE FOUND, MINED AND PROCESSED FOR HUMAN USE.pptx

ore minerals

1. Take a screenshot of your Kahoot score and upload it in the Google Classroom post entitled “Kahoot Activity: Rocks and Minerals”

3. Definition of M INING T he extraction of economically valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth surface . It is done to acquire any resource that cannot be grown or fabricated through artificial means in a laboratory or factory. It is necessary for nations to have adequate and dependable supplies of minerals and materials to meet their economic and defense needs

4. MINERAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT CYCLE P – PROSPECTING E – EXPLORATION D – DEVELOPMENT E – EXPLOITATION R – RECLAMATION

5. PROSPECTING AND EXPLORATION – are the precursors to actual mining. Geologist are more involve during these stages than mining engineers. DEVELOPMENT AND EXPLOITATION – constitute mining proper and primarily the main task of a mining engineer. RECLAMATION - become a necessary part of the mine life cycle because of the demands of society for a cleaner environment and stricter laws regulating the abandonment of a mine . MINERAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT CYCLE

6. MINING METHODS Location and Shape of the Deposit Strength of the Rock Ore Grade Mining Cost/Budget Current Market Price of the Commodity Factors to Consider When Selecting Which Mining Method to Use

7. MINING METHODS UNDERGROUND MINING Relatively costly and frequently used to get to deeper deposits, underground mining involves digging down into the earth and creating tunnels and shafts that reach the deposits of resources. Ore and other resources can then be brought up to the surface for processing, while waste rock can be removed for disposal.

8. MINING METHODS SURFACE MINING Involves removal of plant life, soil and potentially bedrock to be able to access resource deposits. It is normally used for fairly shallow, non-precious deposits. The two foremost kinds of surface mining are open-pit mining and strip mining .

9. MINING METHODS PLACER MINING Normally formed by weathering via water and/or wind action, placers are unconsolidated deposits of resources. Placer mining is generally done in riverbeds, sands or other sedimentary environments and involves sifting valuable materials from sediments . In placer operations, the extracted sedimentary material is rinsed and sluiced to pull out the desired minerals .

10. A mineral or rock that contains enough of a useful substance that it can be sold for a profit. Many of the metals that humans use come from ores.

11. It provides the base for industrial development. It provides raw materials for a large variety of manufacturing industries. Mining provides jobs to millions of people. Transport of minerals to refining sites again provides more jobs. Minerals like iron, steel and lime stone are essential for development of infrastructural facilities.

12. Miners face many danger while mining. The dangers faced by the miners include collapsing of mine roofs, fires in mines and miners getting trapped after the mine gets flooded with water and so on . Working in the mines, the miners are constantly exposed to dust and poisonous fumes. They become vulnerable to a number of diseases of the lungs . Mining also pollutes the land where slurry is dumped. The slurry flowing into neighboring streams pollutes the water resources. When the polluted water is used for irrigation, the soil gets polluted . Crops grown on polluted soils pass on the pollution to humans and animals who feed on these crops .

13. Mining or extraction always has some impact on the environment. Sometimes the impact is temporary; sometimes it is permanent. Any estimation of the cost of mining must include the costs of exploration, excavation, environmental protection during mining, and environmental reclamation afterward. These costs must be weighed against the benefits of minerals.

14. Endangered Species Act ensures that mining will not affect threatened species Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act minimizes the surface effects of mining on the environment

15. Comprehensive Response Compensation and Liability Act regulates release of hazardous substances into the air, soil, or water Clean Water Act ensures that contaminants from mining do not threaten water resources.

16. Safe Drinking Water Act ensures that contaminants from mining do not threaten drinking water

17. U se our mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Improved technologies need to be constantly evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low costs. Burden on minerals can be reduced by substituting them with renewable resources.

18. Item Does it contain Earth materials that has been mined? Yes/No What minerals, rocks, or petroleum products does this item contain? Pencil Computer Floor Tiles Cellphone Table Salt Fork and Spoon Mirror Toothpaste Paint Appliances Mined Minerals in Your Home