How to administer ophthalmic medication.pptx

easy and standard methods to administer medications

1. How to administer ophthalmic medication.

2. Administering of ophthalmic medication, by health care professionals using right approach to achieve maximum benefits.

3. Delegate consideration. The skill of administering ophthalmic medication can’t be delegated.

4. STEPS OF ADMINISTRING OPHTHALMIC MEDICATION.

5. STEPS RATIONALE 1. Follow five rules: Right prescription or file. Right patient. Right medication. Right route. Right dose. All these are the most reliable sources and only legal record of medications client to receive. 2. Access condition of external eye structure. It indicates need to clean eye before medication application.

6. STEPS RATIONALE 3. Determine whether client has any known allergies to eye medication. Protects client from allergic medication. 4. Any symptoms of visual alteration. Certain eye medication either lessen or increase these symptoms. 5. Assess client’s level of consciousness & ability to follow directions. Greater risk of eye injury exists. 6. Assess client’s knowledge regarding medication & desire to self administer medication. It indicates need for health teaching. Motivation influences teaching approach.

7. STEPS RATIONALE 7. Medication to client at correct time. Medication within 30 minutes after prescribed time to ensure intended therapeutic effect. 8. Perform hand hygiene. It reduces transmission of microbes. 9. Allow eye drops to come to room temperature before giving to client, if drops are stored in refrigerator. Warming eye drops reduces irritation to eye. 10. Gently roll container. Ensures medication is mixed before use & shaking bottle causes bubbles, which makes difficult to administer.

8. STEPS RATIONALE 11. Explain procedure to client, include positioning and sensation to expect, such as burning or stinging. Relieves anxiety about medication being instilled into eye. 12. Ask client to lie supine or sit back in chair with head slightly hyper extended. It provides easy access to eye for instillation & minimizes drainage of medication through tear duct. 13. If crusts or drainage are present along eyelid margin gently wash way by applying damp wash cloth from inner to outer canthus. Soaking allows easy removal & prevents pressure applied directly over eye, & cleaning from inner to outer canthus avoid entrance of microbes into lacrimal duct.

9. STEPS RATIONALE 14. Hold cotton swab in non dominant hand on client’s cheek bone just below lower lid. Cotton absorb medication that escapes from eye. 15. With cotton resting lower lid, gently press downward with thumb or forefinger against bony orbit. It exposes conjunctival sac. Retraction against bony orbit prevents pressure & trauma to eyeball & prevents fingers from touching eye. 16. Ask client to look at ceiling. It retracts sensitive cornea up & away from conjunctival sac & reduces stimulation of blink reflex.

10. STEPS RATIONALE 17. With dominant hand resting on client’s forehead, hold filled medication eye dropper approximately 1-2 cm (1/2 to ¾ inch) above conjunctival sac. Helps prevent accidental contact of eye dropper with eye, reduce risk of injury to eye & transfer of infection to dropper. Ophthalmic solution are sterile. 18. Drops prescribed number of medication drops into conjunctival sac. Sac normally holds 1-2 drops. Provides even distribution of medication across eye.

11. STEPS RATIONALE 19. If client blinks or closes eye or drop land on outer margin repeat procedure. Client obtain therapeutic effect of drug only when drops enter sac. 20. After instilling eye drops apply gentle pressure with your finger on the client’s nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds. Prevents overflow of medication into nasal & pharyngeal passages & prevents absorption into systemic circulation.

12. Instillation of eye ointment. STEPS RATIONALE 1. Ask client to look at ceiling. It retracts cornea up & away from sac & reduces stimulation of blink reflex. 2. Hold ointment applicator above lower lid margin, apply with stream of ointment evenly along inner edge of lower eyelid on conjunctiva from the inner canthus to outer canthus. Distributes medication evenly across eye & lid margin.

13. STEPS RATIONALE 3. Have client close eye & rub lid lightly in circular motion with cotton ball, if rubbing is not contra indicated. Further distributes medication without traumatized eye.

14. Precautions: When using both ointments and drops, use the ointment AFTER the drops. Eye drops interval: Do not give more than one eye medicine at a time. Wait 5 minutes between medicines.