Human Anatomy for BIOMEDICAL by ATHEENAPANDIAN

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1. Human Anatomy
Human anatomy is the study of the
structure of the human body. It involves
understanding the different parts of the
body and how they work together.

2. Skeletal System
The skeletal system is comprised of bones and cartilage that provide support, structure, and protection for the
body. It allows movement, stores minerals, and produces blood cells.
Bones
The human body contains 206
bones that connect to each other
at joints.
Cartilage
Cartilage, a flexible connective
tissue, covers bone ends and helps
reduce friction at joints.
Functions
The skeletal system provides a
framework for the body, protects
vital organs, enables movement,
and stores minerals such as
calcium.

3. Muscular System
The muscular system is made up of skeletal muscles that contract
and relax to allow movement, maintain posture, and generate
heat.
1
Skeletal Muscles
These muscles are
attached to bones and
allow us to move our
limbs and body parts.
2
Smooth Muscles
These muscles are found
in the walls of internal
organs like the stomach
and intestines.
3
Cardiac Muscle
This specialized muscle tissue forms the heart and is
responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.

4. Circulatory System
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood, oxygen, and
nutrients throughout the body and removing waste products. It includes the
heart, blood vessels, and blood.
1
Heart
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the
circulatory system.
2
Blood Vessels
Blood vessels are tubes that carry blood throughout the body.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry
blood back to the heart.
3
Blood
Blood is a fluid connective tissue that carries oxygen, nutrients,
and waste products throughout the body.

5. Respiratory System
The respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and
releasing carbon dioxide. It includes the lungs, airways, and muscles
involved in breathing.
Airways
The airways, including the nose, mouth, trachea, and
bronchi, deliver air to the lungs.
Lungs
The lungs are two spongy organs that exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide with the blood.
Breathing
Breathing, or ventilation, is the process of moving air in and
out of the lungs.

6. Digestive System
The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules
that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This system includes
the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large
intestine.
Mouth
The mouth is where the
digestive process begins
with chewing and salivary
glands secreting enzymes.
Stomach
The stomach mixes food
with gastric juices and starts
breaking down proteins.
Small Intestine
The small intestine is where
most nutrient absorption
takes place.
Large Intestine
The large intestine absorbs
water and forms feces.

7. Nervous System
The nervous system controls and coordinates all bodily functions and responses to
stimuli. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Brain
The brain is the control center of the nervous system, responsible for thought, memory,
and emotions.
Spinal Cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin bundle of nerves that runs down the back and carries
messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
Nerves
Nerves are bundles of fibers that transmit signals throughout the body, allowing
communication between the brain and the body.

8. Integumentary System
The integumentary system is the largest organ system in the body,
composed of skin, hair, nails, and glands. It serves as a protective barrier,
regulates temperature, and senses the environment.
Skin The outermost layer of the body,
providing protection, regulating
temperature, and sensing touch.
Hair Grows from follicles in the skin and
provides insulation and protection.
Nails Protect the fingertips and aid in
fine motor skills.
Glands Secrete sweat, oil, and hormones,
playing a role in temperature
regulation and maintaining skin
health.