human impact on environment

these slides describes the impacts on environment by human, human activities which caused impacts on biodiversity and the steps to prevent the ozone layer, pollution caused by human

1. HUMAN IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT PRESENTED BY DR.N.SANTHAMANI ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN ECONOMICS GOVERNMENT ARTS COLLEGE COIMBATORE-18

2. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT ? Environment is everything that is around us. It can be living (biotic) or non-living ( abiotic ) things. It includes physical, chemical and other natural forces. Living things live in their environment. In the environment there are different interactions between animals, plants, soil and water and other living and non-living things.

3. HUMAN IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT H uman activities that cause damage (either directly or indirectly) to the environment on a global scale include human reproduction, overconsumption, overexploitation, pollution, and deforestation, to name but a few.

4. Human Impact has caused : Pollution – Land; Air and Water which includes Freshwater Creeks and Rivers , Seas and Oceans . Deforestation and Destruction of Habitats Endangerment and Extinction of Flora and Fauna Species Oil spill from ships

5. HUMAN ACTIVITIES : Irrigation. The environmental impact of irrigation includes the changes in quantity and quality of soil and water as a result of irrigation

6. Intensive agriculture and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides are destroying the natural land and driving animals away

7. Soil Erosion. Runoff on bare land leads to erosion. Grass, trees, and other plants hold the soil in place and avoid erosion. The highest rates of erosion are produced in urban areas during construction .

8. Deforestation. Increasing population, industrialization and need of land for development of expanding cities has led man to cut down forests selfishly.

9. Sea Pollution - the Primary Culprits

10. Water Pollution. Sewers and drains, carry domestic and industrial wastes that might have been widely deposited on the soil, but have been channeled into rivers and other bodies of water. The sanitary sewer system carries sewage from residential, commercial , and industrial sources to the waste water treatment plant. At a waste water treatment plant most harmful substances are removedfrom sewage before it is piped to a nearby body of water .

11. Solid Waste. Incineration produces air pollution, while landfills give off gases that contribute to Global Warming, and pollute underground water supplies . Landfills provide a ready dumping ground for non-hazardous waste . Some landfills create their own problems. For example, older ones have no lining and wastes can filter down through the soil and into the water supply .

12. The ocean floors are also being affected because of the vast bulk of waste material that humans are creating.

13. Industrial Pollution . Industrial pollution is generally referred to the undesirable outcome when factories emits harmful by-products and waste into the environment such as emissions to air or water bodies (water pollution), deposition on landfills etc (land pollution) or emission of toxic chemicals into the atmosphere (air pollution)

14. INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION

15. Mining. The environmental impact of mining includes erosion, formation of sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, and contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water by chemicals from mining processes. Environmental impact of mining.

16. W a r . As well as the cost to human life and society, there is a significant environmental impact of war with modern technology war can cause a far greater devastation on the environment.

17. Energy industry The environmental impact of energy harvesting and consumption is diverse. In recent years there has been a trend towards the increased commercialization of various renewable energy sources Coal mining and burning.

18. IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES Depletion of Ozone Layer. Scientists then discovered a “hole” in the ozone layer over the Antarctic in the 1980s . Initially, concern for the ozone focused on chemicals known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Later, halons , carbon tetrachloride (CTC), methyl bromide and hydro chlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) were targeted.

19. Carbon footprint is a measure of the impact human activities have on the environment in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases produced, measured in units of carbon dioxide

20. Earthquakes are seen as something outside of human control, but there is evidence that human activity can trigger minor events and at least one major event. During the underground nuclear testing in Alaska on Amchitka Island, of the Aleutians, USA, an underground test triggered a massive earthquake that also triggered a small tsunami .

21. Impact on Biodiversity. Human activities are causing major changes in biological communities worldwide, and these changes can harm biodiversity and ecosystem function. Ecosystem function is important for supporting plant and animal communities, and ensuring the long-term survival of human populations.

22. The main threats facing biodiversity globally are : destruction , degradation and fragmentation of habitats reduction of individual survival and reproductive rates through exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species.

23. PREVENTION: Switch to Renewable Energy sources not based on fossil or nuclear fuels like direct or indirect use of solar energy, wind, tidal, geothermal, wood and other biomass.

24. CONCLUSION: Fortunately, man is learning that there are activities he can undertake to improve land he has already degraded. This may involve : . Removal of pollutant materials. Minimize the magnitude of pollution Conserve non-renewable resources Conserve ecological systems Develop and utilize cleaner technologies Maximize recycling of materials and waste