Human Respiratory System_biologoy for student.pdf

human respiratory system - biology

1. HUMAN
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
BIOLOGY
Cambridge Book page 221
National Book page 96
VIII LS

2. LEARNING
PURPOSE
1
4
2
3
Understand the sequence of
organs in human respiratory
system
Implement efforts to maintain
the health of respiratory
organs
Understand the mechanisms of
the human respiratory system
(inspiration and expiration)
Understand the diseases of
the human respiratory
system

3. DEFINITION
Human Respiratory System is
a biology system that consists
of organ and another
structure that used in gas
exchange.

4. RESPIRATORY ORGAN
(1) Nasal cavity (rongga hidung)
(2) Oral cavity (rongga mulut)
(3) Pharynx (faring/tenggorokan)
(4) Larynx (laring)
(5) Trachea
(6) Lungs (paru-paru)
Latin: pulmo
(7) Bronchi (bronkus)
(8) Bronchioles (bronkiolus)
(9) Alveolus
(10) Diaphragm (diafragma)

5. NASAL CAVITY
Nasal cavity is the place where the
air that needed in breathing enters.
Function:
Filter particles
Humidifies and warms the air
Kills germs
1

6. PHARYNX/
THROAT
Pharynx is an organ where the
respiratory tract meets the
digestive tract.
2

7. LARYNX
Larynx is an organ that
composed by cartilage and has
vocal cords. So it can producing
sounds/vocal.
3

8. LARYNX

9. TRACHEA
Trachea is an organ that
composed by cartilage rings
that has cilia on the inner
wall.
The function of cilia: to filter
out dust/dirt that enter the
respiratory tract.
4

10. BRONCHI
Bronchi is branching from
the trachea.
To bring air into the lungs.
5

11. LUNGS
Respiratory organ in chest
cavity that wrapped by
lungs membrane (pleura)
The lungs are divided into
two, the right lung has 3
lobes and the left lung has 2
lobes
6

12. BRONCHIOLES
Bronchioles are the respiratory
tract inside the lungs
7

13. ALVEOLUS
The function of
alveolus: as a place for
the exchange of
oxygen gas with
carbon dioxide gas.
8

14. DIAPHRAGM
Diaphragm is a partition that
divides the abdomen and
chest
Makes it easier for air to
enter the lungs
9

15. There are 2 mechanisms in respiration:
INSPIRATION
Inspiration =
Inhaling
(Oxygen in)
EXPIRATION
Expiration =
Exhaling
(Carbon
dioxide out)

16. Inspired air refers to the air that you inhale, while expired air is the air
that you breathe out.
The O2 concentration is lower, and the CO2 concentration is higher in
the expired air because, during respiration, O2 is used to convert
glucose into energy, while CO2 is produced as a waste product.
Comparing inspired air and expired air

17. WRITE THIS ON YOUR NOTEBOOK
The process of human
respiratory system:
(1) Nasal cavity (rongga hidung)
(2) Oral cavity (rongga mulut)
(3) Pharynx (faring/tenggorokan)
(4) Larynx (laring)
(5) Trachea
(6) Bronchi (bronkus)
(7) Bronchioles (bronkiolus)
(8) Alveolus
DRAW THIS!

18. DISORDERS OF THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
PHARYNGITIS
Pharyngitis is an
infectious disease of
the pharynx caused
by viruses, bacteria
or fungi
BRONCHITIS
Bronchitis is
inflammation of the
bronchi due to viral
infection.
PLEURITIS
Pleurisy is
inflammation of the
pleura caused by
bacterial and viral
infections.
SINUSITIS
Sinusitis is
inflammation of the
nasal cavity caused
by allergies or
microbial infections

19. DISORDERS OF THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
PNEUMONIA
Infection that
inflames air sacs in
one or both lungs,
which may fill with
fluid. Caused by
bacteria Diplococcus
pneumonia
TUBERCULOSIS
Tuberculosis is a lung
disease caused by the
bacteria
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
ASTHMA
A condition in which
a person's airways
become inflamed,
narrow and swell
and produce extra
mucus, which makes
it difficult to breathe.
FLU
Flu is a respiratory
system disorder
caused by the
Orthomyxovirus

20. Efforts to Maintain the
Health of Respiratory
Organs
Exercise regularly
Maintain a healthy, nutritious and
balanced diet
Avoid smoking
Wash your hands diligently after
handling objects in public places
Avoid air pollution
Get enough rest
Maintain clean environmental
conditions

21. CONCLUSION?