hydraulic and pneumatic systems

explanation of hydraulic and pneumatic systems
diagrammatic representation

1. HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC
SYSTEMS
PRESENTED BY:
ADITYA BULBULE

2. HYDRAULIC BRAKING SYSTEM
Hydraulic Braking System
is the System Which used
Hydraulic Fluid to build up
the pressure for Braking
Action.

3. PRINCIPLE OF WORKING-
Hydraulic brakes work on the principle of Pascal’s law.
Pascal law states that “pressure at on Incompressible fluid is equal in all directions”.

4. TYPES OF HYDRAULIC BRAKE
Types of
Hydraulic
Breaking System.
1. Expanding
Drum Type
hydraulic
Brake.
2. Disc Type
hydraulic
Brake.

5. COMPONENTS OF DRUM TYPE BRAKE SYSTEM-
Master Cylinder.
Backing Plate.
Brake Drum.
Wheel Cylinder.
Brake Shoe .
Return spring.

6. Working of Drum type Hydraulic Brake
Brake Pedal Pressed.
Brake Fluid Pressurized in Master cylinder.
Pressurized fluid is travel through hose pipes.
Pistons in wheel cylinder are actuate and
pressed brake shoe against wheel Drum.
Due to Friction between Brake Shoe and
wheel Drum Braking action is performed.

7. Component of Disc type Hydraulic brake
system-
Brake Rotor.
Brake
Caliper.
Brake pad.

8. Working of Disc Type Hydraulic Brake
Brake Pedal Pressed.
Brake Fluid Pressurized in Master
cylinder.
Pressurized fluid is travel through hose
pipes.
Thus, this Pressurized fluid press Brake
pad against Brake Rotor.
Due to Friction between Brake pad and
Brake rotor action is performed

9. Advantage and Disadvantage Of
Hydraulic Brake-
ADVANTAGES
▪Equal braking action on all
wheels.
▪Increased braking force.
▪Low wear rate of brake linings.
▪Increased mechanical advantage.
▪Better stopping power than the
other Brakes
DISADVANTAGES
•Whole braking system fails due to
leakage of fluid from brake linings
Complex construction.
•More maintenance than other system

10. PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
A brake which uses air as working fluid is a pneumatic brake.The system
actuated to apply this phenomenon is known as Pneumatic Brake System.
An pneumatic brake or a compressed air brake system, is a type of friction
brake for vehicles in which compressed air pressing on a piston is used to
apply the pressure to the brake pad needed to stop the vehicle.

11. COMPONENTS OF PNEUMATIC BRAKING
SYSTEM :-

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM PNEUMATIC BRAKING
SYSTEM :-

13. WORKING OF PNEUMATIC BRAKING
SYSTEM
Brake system that is based upon a design Air patented by George Westinghouse on
March 5 1872. The Westinghouse Air Brake Company (WABCO) was subsequently
organized to manufacture and sell Westinghouse invention which has been universally
adopted.
Compressed air from compressor passes through the valve and maintains its pressure.
This air is stored in the reservoir. And from the reservoir it goes to the Brake Chambers
through many brake valves. In the brake chamber this pneumatic force is converted into
the mechanical force and then it is converted into the rotational torque by the slack
adjuster, which is connected to S-cam. This torque applies air brakes which is used to
slow down the motion of the veichle.

14. ADVANTAGES
Air is available everywhere in atmosphere so the brake system can never run out of its
operating fluid.
Air does not corrode the metals so the life of pneumatic brake is more.
Air line couplings are easier to attach and detach than hydraulic lines there is no danger
of letting air into a pneumatic circuit.
Pneumatic brake has got emergency brake which gets activated when the service brake
failes, so it is very safe.
Air brakes are effective even with considerable leakage, so an air brake system can be
designed with sufficient fail-safe capacity to stop the vehicle safely even when leaking.

15. LIMITATION
If the brakes are applied before recharging has been completed, a larger brake
pipe reduction will be required in order to achieve the desired amount of braking
effort.
If the brake pipe pressure is too low due to an excessive no. of brake applications,
an emergency application will not produce a large enough volume of air flow to
trip the triple valves, leaving the engineer with no means to stop the vehicle.
This system is complicated and needs trained person to use it

16. THANK YOU..!