hydraulic potential

how water moves from an area of higher potential to lower presented with figure and examples

1. Hydraulic potential does hydraulic pot. vary in time and space? Which are the factors that influence hydraulic pot. variations? Example

2. Hydraulic Potential is a concept that helps to describe the tendency of water to move from one area to another It is sum of pressure potential, matric Potential and gravitational potential.

3. Factors that Affect Hydraulic Potential Pressure potential Gravimetric potential Matric potential   ψ h =   ψ p +   ψ m +   ψ z

4. Water free to move will move from a region where it has higher total potential to one of lower total potential . The potential due to gravity is known as the gravitational potential ψ PA ψ gA Ψ hA A B RL ψ PB ψ gB Ψ hB ψ PB ψ gB Ψ hB A B ψ PA ψ gA ψ gA Ψ hB < Ψ hA Ψ hB < Ψ hA

5. The potential due to to the soil particles by which water move from one place to other place is the matric potential. matric potential  is the force with which  water  is held in soil  matrix ( soil  particles and pore space) and is measured by tensiometer . Upward flow Matric Potential + - ψ g ψ hA = ψ gA + ψ mA ψ hB = ψ gB + ψ pB =0 ψ hB > ψ hA A B

6. Depth ψ p ψ m ψ g ψ h -200 -200 -100 -150 -50 -200 -200 -100 -100 -200 -300 -50 -150 -200 -400 -200 -200 -500 50 -250 -200 -600 100 -300 -200 -700 150 -350 -200 -800 200 -400 -200 -900 250 -450 -200 -450. -350. -250. -150. -50. 50. 150. 250 -100 -200 -300 -400 -500 -600 -700 -800 -900 Reference Level Water Table Hydraulic Potential: Equilibrium Condition Matric potential Gravimetric potential Pressure component Hydraulic potential Ψ m m H2O Depth mm

7. Thank you