HYDROPONICS AND AEROPONICS.pptx

AGRICULTURE

1. HYDRPONICS AND AEROPONICS AND ITS UTILITY IN INDIAN SCENERIO

2. INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA BTC COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE & RESEARCH STATION , BILASPUR MASTER SEMINAR ON HYDROPONICS AND AEROPONICS AND ITS UTILITY IN INDIAN SCENERIO SUBMITTED BY Kuldip Sinh Rathod M.Sc. (Agronomy) 1 st Year & 1 st Sem. Department of Agonomy SUBMITTED TO Dr. T.D. Pandey Professor & HoS Department of Agronomy Course.no-Agron 591 Credit Hours-01

3. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY METHODS WHICH TYPE OF PLANTS WE CAN GROW IN HYDROPONICS. ADVANATAGES OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM SCOPE IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE CHALLENGES IN INDIAN SCENERIO POSSIBILITY IN FUTURE CONCLUSION REFERENCES

4. INTRODUCTION Hydroponic is an art of Cultivation of plants Without using The soil. Also popular with The name “ soil less culture”.

5. Hydroponic is a greek term ,Made from Two words-Hydro means water and ponos means labor.Thus “ working water ” is a true meaning of hydroponics. Europe is considered the biggest market for hydroponics in which France, the Netherlands, and Spain are the three top producers, followed by the United States of America and Asia-Pacific region .

6. HISTORY ANCIENT HISTORY It started the in the Ancient City of Babylon with its famous hanging gardens ,which are listed as one of the seven wonders of the Ancient world.

7. The floating Gardens of the Azects of Central America are another example.( During 1300-1521)

8. MODERN HISTORY In the late 1920s and early 1930s, DR.william F.Gericke of the university of california extended his laboratory experiments and work on plant nutrition. In doing so he termed these Nutriculture systems “ Hydroponics ”. In 1990s NASA grew aeroponic bean seedling in zero gravity abroad a space station,opening up the possiibility of sustainable Agriculture in space.

9. METHODS OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM

10. 1.WICK SYSTEM The Wick system is a simple type of system. There are no moving parts in this passive system. The wick is used to draw the nutrient from the reservoir solution into the growing medium. Perlite , Vermiculite, Pro-Mix and Coconut Fiber are the most popular growing mediums which are used in this system.

11. 2.WATER CULTURE The water culture system is the simplest of all active systems. A floating platform is used to hold the plants directly on the nutrient solution. This platform is usually made of Styrofoam. Oxygen is supplied to the roots of the plants through an air pump. This system is used for fast growing water loving plants like lettuce .

12. 3.EBB AND FLOW SYSTEM In this system the growing tray is flooded with the nutrient solution and then drained back into the reservoir. A submerged pump with timer is used for this action. The timer is used to turn the pump on so that the nutrient solution reaches to the grow tray. When the timer shuts the pump down, the solution comes back into the reservoir.

13. 4.DRIP SYSTEM Drip system is widely used system in the world. A submersed pump is controlled by a timer. The nutrient solution is dripped onto the base of each plant by a small drip line when the timer puts the pump on.

14. 5.NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE N.F.T. systems ensure constant flow of nutrient solution, so the submersible pump is not connected with any timer. The growing tray (usually a tube) is filled with the nutrient solution through the pump and the solution flows over the plant roots. Then collected back into the reservoir.

15. 6.AEROPONIC The aeroponic system is a high-tech type hydroponic system. Air is used as growing medium primarily like N.F.T. The plant roots hang in the air and are misted with nutrient solution. If the misting cycles are interrupted the roots would dry up because they are exposed in the air. The nutrient pump is controlled by a timer here like other systems, but in this system a short cycle timer is required where the pump is run every couple of minutes for few seconds.

16. Which type of plants we can grow? Vining plants- Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Peas etc. Root plants-Carrots, Radish etc. Fruits- Raspberries, Strawberries, Small papaya, Pepper, Blue berries etc. Greens- Spinach, Cabbage, Lettuce, Celery, Mint etc. Herbs- Basil, Rosemary, Parsley, Watercress etc.

17. ADVANTAGES OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM Plants do not have to search for food in the soil rather the directly get all nutrient from the solution . Hydroponics saves water. It can be used in areas where in-ground agriculture or gardening is impossible (for example, desert areas or cold climate regions). Complete control of nutrient content, pH and growing environment. Lower water requirement and nutrient cost s because of water and nutrient recycling. Faster growth due to more available oxygen for the roots of plants

18. Elimination or reduction of soil-related insects, fungi and bacteria. No weeding or cultivation is required. Some crops, such as lettuce and strawberries, can be lifted from ground level to a height for planting and cultivation. This gives much better working conditions and hence lowers labour costs. Crop-rotation/following is not necessary. Transplant shock is reduced. It ends the unpredictibility of growing plants outdoors and it is suitable for indoor Growing. Effective use of nutrients

19. DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM The initial expenses are little too high because whole set up of a hydroponics system requires a greenhouse. The grower needs to have enough knowledge and experience to run the system successfully depending upon the size of the system along with that maintainance of clogging,Working medium and favourable condition is also necessary .

20. Sometimes whole set up gets destroyed due to power outage. Hydroponic plants have much Smaller root systems ,they cant support themselves very well. Heavy fruiting plant may need Quite elaborate forms of support .

21. SCOPE OF HYDRPONIC IN INDIAN SCENERIO .In india population size is increasing indiscriminately, so the size of the arable land reducing in availability . By using hydroponics methods, the farmers can solve the problem of arable land availability in near future Indian weather condition, agriculture is being affected by climate change like unseasonal rain, hailstorm. But in hydroponics farming system, plants can grow under controlled condition by creating the artificial atmosphere.

22. As hydroponics farms needs less space and water and the growth rate of the crops is very quick than the traditional one. With excess food availability, there will be no struggle for hunger by farming in hydroponics system . This market of products of hydroponic farming in India consists of consumers who are health conscious and will readily pay a premium for organically grown produce that is fresh, safe, and healthy.

23. CHALLENGES IN INDIAN SCENERIO One of the greatest challenges farmers face is the lack of technical knowledge . It is a system that needs constant human intervention. Therefore, specific technical knowledge is necessary. The pruning, ventilation, temperature, nutrient solution and other factors must be incorporated in the required manner.  Hydroponics system cost is high, so it is not affordable by poor farmers of India. . Providing skills and training to all types of farmers from poor to average is not an easy task. Ensure for better outcome and high yields commitment for the farmer and helping them to create interest is another challenge for us.

24. If the farmers willing to work in this area, and having less knowledge about system, they need to hire a horticulturist or skilled staff . And to hire a staff at affordable salary is actually a big problem. Hydroponics is now used in countries with extreme weather conditions like high frost or high temperatures with arid and sandy soils.  For Ex- Dubai has severe water shortage issue but, they have no problem of energy, they can cultivate vegetables using hydroponics in many acres of land using air conditioners an Indian cannot farmer afford that. Hydroponics as claimed by many people say that it saves 90% of water, but what are the prevailing conditions which make the production of plants with less than 90% water? These include temprature , humidity and proper carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the plant, right illumination, proper water temperature, dissolved oxygen level in water, right pH, right TDS and the list goes on for a commercial scale..

25. POSSIBILITIES IN FUTURE Providing more number of training to farmers. Providing them hydroponics system at affordable rates . For hydroponics urban areas should be projected to build hydroponic food park in every city. Agricultural universities and Research institution should work in co-operation with Government of India to perform survey and try to bring this techniques at large scale so that farmers could learn something from it. Farming should give most respected profession in Nation so that young farmers could see his/her future in fields in agriculture working with latest agricultural techniques.

26. CONCLUSION Though in the initial stages, hydroponic farming in India is gaining popularity among farmers who are ready to mix traditional knowledge of farming with scientific principles. It may become complicated for the farmer with conventional knowledge to switch to different farming practices, but the science behind it follows principles of agronomy that can be learned with time. However, one must note that soil growing is more forgiving of errors than most hydroponic growing systems . Hydroponic growing systems are not easy to manage by the unskilled and inexperienced. While hydroponic culture may seem attractive from the online information, where it has often been labelled as a simplified technology, it is not the case in reality . This farming technique requires scientific management of crops, considering factors like temperature, humidity, pest control, and, most importantly, nutrition.

27. A single kg of spinach grown normally on farm and 1 kg of hydroponic spinach will fetch the same price in an Indian market. Pioneer nations who developed hydroponics like Israel, America, Canada, etc., have their own research and methodologies which will cost higher amounts of money to be shared with us. So, commercial hydroponics in India as I can say is not the requirement of hour as it involves many parameters.but there is a possibility in future.

28. Regions where hydroponic farming can be a good option Areas with a limited supply of water. Rocky regions where traditional farming is not possible. Areas with low soil fertility. Areas that can cater to the demand for organic products. Areas where There is no soil like space, extra terrestrial planets like Mars, Moon, etc.

29. REFERENCES Jones, J.B. 2005. Hydroponics: a practical guide for the soil-less grower. CRC Press. Boca Raton. Fla . Mason , J. 1990. Commercial hydroponics. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst , NSW . http://www.quara.com https:// enterclimate.com/blog/scope-of-hydroponic-farming-in-india http://www.journalijar.com/article/20707/challenges-and-possibilities-in-hydroponics:-an-indian-perspective ./